it, he designed the counterpart to Shakspeare's plot, namely, that of a man who had never seen a woman; that by this means those two characters of innocence and love might the more illustrate and commend each other. This excellent contrivance he was pleased to communicate to me, and to desire my assistance in it. I confess, that from the very first moment it so pleased me, that I never writ any thing with more delight. I must likewise do him that justice to acknowledge, that my writing received daily his amendments; and that is the reason why it is not so faulty as the rest which I have done, without the help or correction of so judicious a friend. The comical parts of the sailors were also of his invention, and for the most part his writing, as you will easily discover by the style. In the time I writ with him, I had the opportunity to observe somewhat more nearly of him than I had formerly done, when I had only a bare acquaintance with him ; I found him then of so quick a fancy, that nothing was proposed to him, on which he could not suddenly produce a thought extremely pleasant and surprising; and those first thoughts of his, contrary to the old Latin proverb, were not always the least happy; and as his fancy was quick, so likewise were the products of it remote and new. He borrowed not of any other; and his imaginations were such as could not easily enter into any other man. His corrections were sober and judicious; and he corrected his own writings much

more severely than those of another man, bestowing twice the time and labour in polishing which he used in invention.

It had perhaps been easy enough for me to have arrogated more to myself than was my due, in the writing of this play, and to have passed by his name with silence in the publication of it with the same ingratitude which others have used to him, whose writings he hath not only corrected, as he hath done this, but has had a greater inspection over them, and sometimes added whole scenes together, which may as easily be distinguished from the rest as true gold from counterfeit by the weight. But besides the unworthiness of the action, which deterred me from it, (there being nothing so base as to rob the dead of his reputation,) I am satisfied I could never have received so much honour in being thought the author of any poem, how excellent soever, as I shall from the joining my imperfections with the merit and name of Shakspeare and Sir William D'Avenant.

JOHN DRYDEN.

December 1, 1669.

DEDICATION

OF

AN EVENING's LOVE,

OR, THE MOCK ASTROloger.

TO HIS GRACE,

WILLIAM, DUKE OF NEWCASTLE,

ONE OF HIS MAJESTY'S MOST HONOURABLE PRIVY COUNCIL, AND OF THE MOST HONOURABLE ORDER OF THE GARTER, &c.

AMONGST

MONGst those few persons of wit and honour whose favourable opinion I have desired, your own virtue, and my great obligations to your grace, have justly given you the precedence; for what could be more glorious to me, than to have acquired some part of your esteem, who are admired and honoured by all good men ; who have

9 A very highly-finished character of this nobleman, who was born in 1594, and died December 25, 1676, may be found in Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, vol. ii. p. 507. He was author of a celebrated book on Horsemanship, and of four plays; and was successively the patron of Ben Jonson, D'Avenant, Dryden, Flecknoe, and Shadwell, all of whom, except D'Avenant, have testified

I

been, for so many years together, the pattern and standard of honour to the nation; and whose whole life has been so great an example of heroick virtue, that we might wonder how it happened into an age so corrupt as ours, if it had not likewise been a part of the former. As you came into the world with all the advantages of a noble birth and education, so you have rendered both yet more conspicuous by your virtue. Fortune, indeed, has perpetually crowned your undertakings with success, but she has only waited on your valour, not conducted it. She has ministered to your glory like a slave, and has been led in triumph by it; or at most, while honour led you by the hand to greatness, fortune only followed to keep you from sliding back in the ascent. That which Plutarch accounted her favour to Cimon and Lucullus, was but her justice to your Grace; and never to have been overcome where you led in person, as it was more than Hannibal could boast,

"He was,

say's

their gratitude by ample encomiuns. Shadwell, "the greatest master of wit, the most exact observer of mankind, and the most accurate judge of humour I ever knew."

The Dedication before us was addressed to him in 1671.

His father was Sir Charles Cavendish; his mother a daughter of Cuthbert, Lord Ogle. Their son was created by James the First, Viscount Mansfield and Baron Ogle, June 3, 1620; 7th March, 1627-8, he was created Earl, 27th October, 1643, Marquis, and 16th March, 1664-5, Duke, of Newcastle.

so it was all that Providence could do for that party which it had resolved to ruin. Thus, my Lord, the last smiles of Victory were on your arms;* and every where else declaring for the rebels, she seemed to suspend herself, and to doubt, before she took her flight, whether she were able wholly to abandon that cause for which you fought.

But the greatest trials of your courage and constancy were yet to come; many had ventured their fortunes, and exposed their lives to the utmost dangers for their king and country, who ended their loyalty with the war; and submitting to the iniquity of the times, chose rather to redeem their former plenty by acknowledging an Usurper, than to suffer with an unprofitable fidelity, as those meaner spirits called it, for their lawful sovereign. But as I dare not accuse so many of our nobility, who were content to accept their patrimonies from the clemency of the conqueror, and to retain only a secret veneration for their Prince, amidst the open worship which they were forced to pay to the Usurper who had dethroned him, so I hope I may have leave to extol that virtue which acted more generously; and which was not satisfied with an inward devotion to monarchy, but produced itself to view, and asserted the cause by open martyrdom. Of these rare patterns of loyalty your Grace was chief; those examples you

2 In an engagement near York, in June, 1643.