period; and fourth, the intern or laboratory year. Selected students may take their laboratory year after a year and one-half of prescribed work. As the requirements for admission are such that the student enters after he has received training in physics, inorganic and organic chemistry, and biology, these subjects are not taught in the medical school. The first period of instruction covers three half-years and is devoted to anatomy, histology, physiology, biological chemistry, bacteriology and immunology. Nearly all the work in these subjects is obligatory. They provide the basis for the study of clinical medicine; and the laboratory instruction which occupies the major portion of the student's time during this period is planned to develop powers of accurate observation. Approximately one-half of the second half of the second year is devoted to work in the pathological laboratory. The remainder of the time is largely devoted to the propedeutics of medicine and surgery such as, physical diagnosis, laboratory diagnosis, clinical physiology and elementary surgery. It is aimed to train further the faculty of critical observation and to instill into the student good habits in systematically carrying on the examination of patients and recording the results. Pharmacology and materia medica are also taught during this half-year. Obligatory clinical instruction continues through the third year and is given in the classroom, the clinical laboratory, the dispensary, and at the bedside. In the Out-Patient Department students take the histories of patients and make the necessary examinations under the direction of the attending staff. In the wards they are assigned cases for thorough study and have every opportunity to become familiar with therapeutic methods. Durng the first half of this year, instruction in neurology, dermatology, pediatrics and obstetrics is begun During the second half, short introductory courses in the specialties aim to familiarize the student in the use of various diagnostic methods, such as the use of the ophthalmoscope, laryngoscope, cystoscope, etc. In the first half of the fourth year the required work in the major subjects is completed and, for the remainder of this period, the class is divided into sections for instruction in the several specialties. The last half of the fourth year is devoted to electives, offered by all departments of the School. Throughout the entire clinical period, the work in the various clinical laboratories is carried on in connection with the section work in the wards and out-patient department. During the third and fourth years, one morning each week is set aside in order that the classes may attend amphitheatre clinics in medicine and surgery and clinico-pathological conferences. DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION ANATOMY HERBERT MCLEAN EVANS, B.S., M.D., Professor of Anatomy. The courses of instruction in anatomy are given in Berkeley. The classes in gross anatomy are divided into small groups in order to avoid the inevitable noise and disturbance which result from a large group of students working together. Material for dissection is prepared in the embalming room, which is equipped with the necessary hydraulic apparatus to inject both the embalming fluids and the color masses for the arteries and veins in any desired pressure. After this process is completed the bodies are preserved in a carbolic solution. The teaching museum consists of specially prepared corrosions, injections, dissections, and models. The laboratory for microscopic anatomy is outfitted with microtomes and is supplied with all the stains and reagents necessary for the ordinary and finer methods of microscopic preparation. The routine work of the department falls into the natural divisions of gross and microscopic anatomy, and some effort is made to have the transition between the two as gradual as possible. Inasmuch as the process of formal education must end sooner or later, the department endeavors as far as possible to make the students entirely independent. This is further encouraged in the elective system, by which a certain amount of selection is allowed in the regular work of the department. MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY The various tissues and organs of the body are studied from the developmental point of view so that their gradual differentiation from the embryonic to the adult form is taken up. Since function and structure cannot be separated in the consideration of the microscopic appearance of tissues and organs, their chief physiological aspects are briefly considered. The study of each group consists of three main steps: (1) for the purpose of orientation, the consideration of their macroscopic appearances, relations, and physiology; (2) the transition from the macroscopic to the microscopic conditions is made with a dissecting microscope and teasing methods, free-hand or frozen sections; (3) the more detailed study is made from specimens prepared by methods designed to emphasize their principal microscopic features. In this course the value of comparing the organs of a series of animals is recognized and the student is given numerous comparative specimens. 101. Histology and Microscopic Organology. EVANS, SCOTT, The course is given from the viewpoint of the activities of the living cell, the relation between structure and function being held uppermost. At the same time opportunity is afforded for a comprehensive review of human and comparative histology. Individual loan collections supplement the laboratory work. First year, first half; 3 laboratory and 3 lecture periods a week. M W F, (192 hours-6 units) 8-12. 102. General Human Anatomy. MOODY. A study of the human body. Demonstrations and laboratory study of prepared human dissections, models and microscopic slides. For students of the Public Health and Physical Education departments. Other non-medical students may be admitted by arrangement with instructor if size of class permit. Prerequisite: Zoology 1A or Physiology 1. Second half-year. Demonstrations Tu Th, 9; laboratory W, 1-4. SMITH, SCOTT. 103. Organs of Special Sense and Neurology. In this course special attention is paid to the macroscopic and microscopic architecture of the central nervous system and the organs of special sense. The neuron studied in course 101 is used as the unit in the construction of the nervous system with a view of tracing origin, development, and final arrangement of the different pathways for nerve impulses. Considerable attention is given to a consideration of the growth and development of the nervous system. Second year, first half, seven weeks; 2 lectures and 3 laboratory periods a (84 hours-3 units) week. Tu Th S, 8-12. 105. Systematic Human Anatomy. The systematic dissection of the human body. MOODY, EMMEL, SMITH. For convenience the work is divided into thirds or "parts," to-wit: Head and Neck, Arm and Thorax, Leg and Abdomen. To better facilitate instruction, students in the Medical School are required to finish each part in accordance with a prescribed time schedule. First year, first half; Tu Th, 8–12; M Tu W Th F, 1-5. 108. Regional and Topographical Anatomy. (448 hours-10 units) MOODY. Living models, special dissections and sections of the body are used in this course to enable the student to become more familiar with structural relations and to assemble information obtained in preceding dissections. Students who are accepted for course 213 may substitute that course for this course. Second year, first half, eight weeks. Section I, M W, 8-12; Section II, Tu Th, 8–12. (64 hours-3 units) 109. Anatomy for Physicians and Advanced Students. The Staff. (Hours to be arranged to suit applicants) 120. Anatomical Draughtmanship and Illustration. SWEET. A course in anatomical draughtmanship open to medical students of the First and Second classes, Art students, research workers and members of the Faculty who desire to familiarize themselves with the best methods of graphic reproduction of gross and microscopic structures either as methods of record or for publication. First half-year. (1 hour 4 units) ELECTIVES 209. Human Embryology. EVANS. Opportunity is offered for the study of specific problems in human embryology. The collections of both human and comparative embryological material are constantly being augmented. The elective is offered only to students familiar with vertebrate embryology. 210. Physiological Anatomy of Reproduction. (Hours to be arranged) EVANS. The oestrous cycle, implanta Informal conferences and demonstrations. 1 hr. weekly. (Hours to be arranged) |