done. When errors, discrepancies, and omissions were discovered by the specialists during this process, the pages in question were returned to the institution with a request for correction or explanation. The greater completeness of returns and the greater accuracy in returns thus obtained appear to have justified this method of procedure. Specialists who prepared the tentative reports carried the review and editing of returns still further and contributed materially to the accuracy of the record.

Owing to the overlapping of interests of the various fields and in order to provide internal checks, a deliberate policy was pursued of requesting the same information upon important points in different form in different questionnaires. For instance, provision for check was secured by asking for totals under certain classifications in one questionnaire and detailed analysis of certain components of the total in several other questionnaires. By combining the analyses and checking with totals, discrepancies could be discovered and requests made that they be rectified.

When returns had been received and tabulated, totals, averages, means, etc., were run for the various columns of the tabulation sheets for such points as it was clearly evident would be desired by the specialists who prepared the tentative report. Specialists were then employed and brought to Washington to draft tentative reports upon their subject-matter fields. They had available to them for this work the questionnaire returns themselves, the tabulation sheets, the assembled sheets upon points which could not be tabulated, printed reports, and exhibits.

Directions for authors of tentative reports were prepared by the director of the survey in order to insure unity of approach and attitude. The first step in the preparation of the tentative draft of the report upon each field of interest was the preparation of an outline which would indicate in detail the treatment and the scope. This outline was based upon initial examination of available material. The writing of the report itself did not begin until the director of the survey had discussed the outline with the specialists and formally approved the proposed treatment. The outline in each case then constituted the official plan for the specialist's work and was filed with the director of the survey. All subsequent changes in scope or in method of treatment were submitted to the director of the survey and if approved were incorporated in a revised outline. It was thus possible to prevent a considerable extent of duplication of effort by the specialists engaged upon the work and to maintain a certain unity of treatment throughout the various reports. At the same time sufficient flexibility was permitted to insure necessary freedom in treating matters peculiar to specific fields.

Upon completion of the tentative report in a specific field it was submitted for review, comment, and criticism to each member of the advisory committee in that field. These comments and criticisms were then considered by the specialist or specialists responsible for the tentative report and by the director of the survey. Each section of the tentative report, therefore, represented substantially the combined judgment of the specialists, the advisory committee, and the director of the survey. The reports were then submitted to the members of the National Advisory Committee for comment and criticism and these were embodied in so far as the judgment of the office's staff permitted. The entire group of tentative reports was then reviewed by the director of the survey and in consultation with members of the staff, reorganizations, reconciliations, and connective matter prepared.

SURVEY STAFF

Director, Arthur J. Klein, Chief of the Division of Higher Education, U. S. Office of Education.

Assistant to Director, John H. McNeely, U. S. Office of Education.

Abel, James F.-Specialist in Foreign Education, U. S. Office of Education.
Alderman, L. R.-Chief, Service Division, U. S. Office of Education.
Badger, Henry G.-Statistical Assistant, U. S. Office of Education.
Bane, Lita-Professor of Home Economics, University of Wisconsin.
Banks, W. R.-President, Prairie View State Normal and Industrial College,
Prairie View, Tex.

Barre, Henry W.-Director of Research, Clemson Agricultural College. Becker, Jane S.-County Home Demonstration Agent, New York State College of Home Economics, Cornell University.

Betten, Cornelius-Director of Resident Instruction, New York State College of Agriculture, Cornell University.

Blitz, Anne D.-Dean of Women, University of Minnesota.

Blose, David T.-Statistical Assistant, U. S. Office of Education.

Brown, Charles H.-Librarian, Iowa State College.

Burns, Katherine V.-Assistant Professor of Home Economics, University of Illinois.

Buchanan, R. E.-Dean of Graduate College, Iowa State College.

Call, Leland E.-Director of Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State Agricultural College.

Cavanaugh, Robert E.-Director of Extension, Indiana University.

Clark, J. S.-President, Southern University, Baton Rouge, La.

Coffey, Walter C.-Dean and Director, Department of Agriculture, University of Minnesota.

Coffman, Lotus D.-President, University of Minnesota.

Cooper, Thomas P.-Dean and Director, College of Agriculture and Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky.

Creswell, Mary E.-Director, Division of Home Economics, Georgia State College of Agriculture.

Crigler, Nina B.-Formerly Head of Department of Home Economics, University of Arizona.

Davis, John W.-President, West Virginia State College.

Duncan, Luther N.-Director of Extension Service, Alabama Polytechnic Institute.

Fain, John R.-Professor of Agronomy, Georgia State College of Agriculture. Foster, Emery M.-Statistical Assistant, U. S. Office of Education.

Frazier, Ben W.-Specialist in Teacher Training, U. S. Office of Education. Funchess, Marion J.-Dean, College of Agriculture, Alabama Polytechnic Institute.

Gandy, John M.-President, Virginia Normal and Industrial Institute, Ettrick, Va.

Gibson, A. W.-Instructor, New York State College of Agriculture, Cornell University.

Gillis, Ezra L.-Registrar, University of Kentucky.

Greenleaf, Walter J.-Associate Specialist in Higher Education, U. S. Office of Education.

Grossley, Richard S.-President, State College for Colored Students, Dover, Del.

Haggerty, Melvin E.-Dean, College of Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

Hamlin, Herbert M.-Associate Professor of Vocational Education, Iowa State
College.

Harris, Jessie W.-Professor of Home Economics, University of Tennessee.
Hubert, Benjamin F.-President, Georgia State Industrial College.

Hutcheson, John R.-Director of Extension Service, Virginia Polytechnic
Institute.

Jardine, James T.-Director of Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon Agricultural College.

John, Walton C.-Associate Specialist in graduate and professional Education, U. S. Office of Education.

Johnson, Edw. C.—Dean and Director of the Agricultural College and Experiment Station, State College of Washington.

Justin, Margaret M.-Dean of Division of Home Economics, Kansas State Agricultural College.

Kalbach, Lewis A.-Chief Clerk, U. S. Office of Education.

Krueger, Jean-Head of Department of Home Economics, Michigan State College.

Kyle, Edwin C.-Dean, School of Agriculture, Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas.

Leveque, Nathalie-U. S. Office of Education.

Lory, Charles A.-President, Colorado Agricultural College.

McDowell, M. S.-Director of Extension, School of Agriculture, Pennsylvania State College.

Machmer, William L.-Dean of the College and Professor of Mathematics, Massachusetts Agricultural College.

Malott, John O.—Specialist in Commercial Education, U. S. Office of Education. Maris, Paul V.-Director of Extension, Oregon Agricultural College.

Massey, Felix M.-Dean of Men, University of Tennessee.

Matherly, Walter J.-Dean, College of Commerce and Journalism, University of Florida.

McCracken, C. C.-Professor, Department of School Administration, Ohio State University.

Meyer, A. J.-Director of Agricultural Extension Service, University of Missouri. Middlebrook, William T.—Comptroller, University of Minnesota.

Milam, Ava B.-Dean, School of Home Economics, Oregon Agricultural College.

Miller, Merritt F.-Professor of Soils, College of Agriculture, University of Missouri.

Morey, Lloyd-Comptroller, University of Illinois.

Morrison, Frank B.-Director, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station. Mumford, F. B.-Dean and Director, University of Missouri.

Nicholson, Edward E.-Dean of Student Affairs, University of Minnesota.

Ogan, Ralph 0.—Assistant in the Department of School Administration, Ohio State University.

Pearson, Raymond-President, University of Maryland.

Peck, Francis W.-Director of Agricultural Extension, University of Minnesota, University Farm, St. Paul.

Potter, A. A.-Dean, Schools of Engineering, Purdue University.

Pritchard, George H.-Department of Physical Education, Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio.

Proffitt, Maris M.-Specialist in Industrial Education, U. S. Office of Education. Ramsower, H. C.-Director of Extension, Ohio State University.

Ratcliffe, Ella B.-U. S. Office of Education.

Ross, P. H.-Director of Extension Service, University of Arizona.

Slate, William L.-Director, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Conn.

Springer, D. W.-Secretary, Association of Governing Boards of State Universities and Allied Institutions, Washington, D. C.

Stange, Charles H.-Dean, Division of the Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State College.

Steeb, Carl E.-Business Manager, Ohio State University.

Stoddart, Charles W.-Dean, School of Liberal Arts, Pennsylvania State
College.

Symons, T. B.-Director of Extension Service, University of Maryland.
Thomas, John M.-President, Rutgers University.

Tavernetti, Thomas F.—Assistant to the Dean of the College of Agriculture,
University of California, Berkeley.

Thatcher, Roscoe W.-President, Massachusetts Agricultural College.

Van Rensselaer, Martha-Director, New York State College of Home Economics, Cornell University.

Walster, Harlow L.-Dean of School of Agriculture, North Dakota Agricultural College.

Watts, Ralph L.-Dean, College of Agriculture, Pennsylvania State College. Wilkinson, Robert S.-President, Normal, Industrial, Agricultural, and Mechanical College of South Carolina.

In spite of the attempt to safeguard information and to insure a high degree of completeness and accuracy, it is fully recognized that the indifference and ignorance of individuals in some cases was reflected in the returns. Guesses rather than facts, opinions rather than records, evasions rather than the truth, have in spite of all efforts doubtless crept in at certain points. Nevertheless, it is believed that the cordial cooperation and honest effort of the institutions, quite apart from the checks made by the survey itself, reduce these faults to a minimum.

It was fully recognized that in many instances the information available permitted conclusions and inferences of somewhat broad

or general character only and did not provide a basis for the refinement of analysis that is desirable. Throughout the preparation of the survey report it was the purpose of the director of the survey to emphasize the need that specialists guard against drawing conclusions unwarranted by the material submitted. Further, it has in many cases been necessary because of practical considerations of time and expense to treat certain aspects of the study in rather broad outline, although the material for detailed treatment was available. In many instances, therefore, the survey has indicated that further presentation and study of the data are desirable for purposes more specific than those of the survey.