fraternity as to make Marx' vampire capital assume a highly respectable appearance. (9) Collectivism claims to abolish over-production and want, but theorists will not explain how they propose to prevent good or bad harvests in the vineyards, the orchards, the corn-fields, etc.

Schoeffle's conclusion is: "Democratic collectivism is impossible and is unable to realise a single one of its economic promises."

BOOK VIII

THE ACTUAL CLASS WAR

CHAPTER I

STRIKES AND TRADE UNIONS

i. Economic character of the strike.

ii.

Deviation from the normal exercise of the right to
strike-Violence as a practical means of success-
Weakness of the Government and of employers-
Amnesty-Strike tactics.

iii. Privileges of Trade Unions in France in the pursuit of illicit objects-Legal domination of the Trade Unions in England.

iv. Officials and teachers-Offices are not created for them, but for the public which pays them. The class war manifests itself in actual practice in the shape of partial strikes, in anticipation of the general strike which is to force bourgeois society to capitulate.1

I

I think it may be useful to recall certain elementary notions relative to strikes. The strike is an economic phenomenon, depending upon the following principles :

(1). An individual has the right to refuse to
continue supplying an enterprise with his
labour, just as an enterprise has the right
to dismiss a workman.

(2). If a workman has this right, ten, a hun-
dred, a thousand, or ten thousand have
the right to act in the same manner.
(3). A strike is only legal if the strikers have
observed the obligation to give proper
notices. Otherwise they are liable to be
prosecuted and to pay damages.

(4). From the day on which strikers have
broken their contract of labour they are
free, but the establishment which they

1 Yves Guyot, "La Tyrannic socialiste" (1893)-"Les Principes de 89 et le socialisme" (1894)-"La Comèdie socialiste" (1897) "Les Conflits de travail et leur solution” (1903).