pendencies, be issued out by warrant from you, by and with the advice and consent of the aforesaid Council (and not otherwise), and disposed of by you for the support of the Government, or for such other purpose as shall be particularly directed or appointed in and by such Act, and not otherwise; And We do likewise give and grant unto you full power and authority, by and with the advice and consent of Our said Council, to settle and agree with the inhabitants of Our said Island and its dependencies for such lands, tenements and hereditaments as are now, or hereafter shall be, in Our power, to dispose of, and them to grant, to any person or persons, upon such terms, and under such moderate quit-rents, services and acknowledgements to be thereupon reserved to Us, as you or they, by the advice aforesaid, shall think fit, which said grants are to pass and be sealed by Our public seal of Our said Island and its dependencies, and being entered upon record by such officer or officers as shall be appointed thereunto, shall be good and effectual in law against Us, Our heirs and successors. And We do hereby give you the said Sir Thomas John Cochrane full power and authority to order and appoint fairs, marts and markets, as also such and so many ports, harbors, bays, havens and other places for the conveniency and security of shipping, and for the better loading and unloading of ships and merchandizes, in such and so many places as by and with the advice and consent of Our said Council shall be thought fit and necessary.

And We do hereby require and command all officers and ministers, civil and military, and all others the inhabitants of Our said Island and its dependencies, to be obedient, aiding and assisting unto you the said Sir Thomas John Cochrane in the execution of this Our commission, and

of the powers and authorities herein contained; and in case of your death or absence out of Our said Island and its dependencies and government, to be obedient, aiding and assisting as aforesaid unto such person as shall be appointed by Us to be Our Lieutenant Governor, or to the Commander-in-Chief for the time being of Our said Island and its dependencies, to whom We do therefore, by these presents, give and grant all and singular the powers and authorities herein granted, to be by him executed and enjoyed during Our pleasure, or until your arrival within Our said Island and its dependencies; and if upon your death or absence out of Our said Island and its dependencies there be no person on the place commissioned or appointed by Us to be Our Lieutenant Governor, or specially appointed by Us to administer the government within Our said Island and its dependencies, Our will and pleasure is, that the Councillor whose name is first placed in Our instructions to you, unless it shall therein be otherwise directed, and who shall be at the time of your death or absence residing within Our said Island and its dependencies, shall take upon him the administration of the government, and execute Our said commission and instructions, and the several powers and authorities therein contained, in the same manner to all intents and purposes as other Our Governor or Commander-in-Chief should or ought to do, in case of your absence, or until your return, or in all cases until Our further pleasure be known thereon; and We do hereby declare, ordain and appoint that you, the said Sir Thomas John Cochrane, shall and may hold, execute and enjoy, the office and place of Our Governor and Commander-in-Chief in and over the Island and territories aforesaid, together with all and singular the powers and authorities hereby granted unto you, for and during Our will and pleasure.

ROYAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR ESTABLISHING REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT 1

July 26, 1832

1

Instructions to Our trusty and well-beloved Sir Thomas John Cochrane, Knight, Our Governor and Commanderin-Chief of Our Island of Newfoundland, or in his absence to the Lieutenant Governor or officer administering the Government of Our said Island for the time being. Given at Our Court at St. James's, the 26th day of July 1832, in the third year of Our reign.

1. With these Our instructions you will receive Our Commission under Our great seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland constituting you Our Governor and Commander-in-Chief in and over Our said Island of Newfoundland and its dependencies. You are therefore with all convenient speed to assume and enter upon the execution of the trust We have reposed in you. And you are forthwith to call together the following persons, whom we do hereby appoint to be members of Our Council in Our said Island, any three of whom to be a quorum: viz. The Chief Justice for the time being of Our said Island; the Chief Officer in command of Our land forces for the time being in Our said Island next after Our Governor thereof for the time being; the Attorney General for the time being of Our said Island; the Collector or other Chief Officer of Customs for the time being of Our said Island; the Colonial Secretary for the time being of Our said Island, and William Haly, Esquire.

2. And you are with all due and usual solemnity to

1 Commons Papers, 1831-32, vol. 32, No. 704, p. 5.

cause Our said commission, constituting you Our Governor and Commander-in-Chief as aforesaid, to be read and published at the first meeting of Our said Council, and shall then take, and also administer to each of the members thereof, the several oaths therein required.

3. You shall administer or cause to be administered the several oaths mentioned in Our said commission to all judges, justices, and other persons who hold any place of trust or profit in Our said Island, without the doing of which you are not to admit any person whatsoever into any public office, nor suffer those who may have already been admitted to continue therein.

4. You are to communicate forthwith such of these Our instructions to Our said Council, wherein their advice and consent are mentioned to be requisite, and likewise all such others from time to time as you shall find convenient for Our service to be imparted to them.

5. You are to permit the members of Our said Council to have and enjoy freedom of debate, and vote in all affairs of public concern that may be submitted to their consideration in Council.

6. And that we may be always informed of the names and characters of persons fit to supply the vacancies in Our said Council, you are from time to time, when ever any vacancy shall happen therein, forthwith to transmit unto Us, through one of Our principal Secretaries of State, the names of three persons, inhabitants of the said Island, whom you shall esteem the best qualified for the trust.

7. And whereas by Our commission you are empowered in case of the death or absence of any of the members of Our said Council to fill up the vacancies therein to the number of three, and no more, you are therefore from time to time to send to Us, through one of Our principal

Secretaries of State, the names and qualifications of any members by you put into Our said Council by the first opportunity after so doing.

8. And in the choice and nomination of the members of Our said Council, as also of the judges, justices, and other officers, you are always to take care that they be men of good life, well affected to Our Government, of good estates, and abilities suitable to their employments.

9. You are neither to augment nor diminish the number of the members of Our said Council as already established, nor to suspend any of them without good and sufficient cause, nor without the consent of the majority of the said Council, signified in Council after due examination of the charge against such Councillor, and his answer thereunto; and in case of the suspension of any of them you are to cause your reasons for so doing, together with the charges and proofs against such Councillor, and his answer thereunto, to be duly entered upon the council-book, and forthwith to transmit copies to Us, through one of Our principal Secretaries of State. Nevertheless, if it should happen that you should have reasons for suspending any of the members of Our said Council, not fit to be communicated to Our said Council, you may in that case suspend such member without their consent. But you are thereupon immediately to send to Us, through one of Our principal Secretaries of State, an account of your proceedings therein, together with your reasons at large for such suspension, and also your reasons for not communicating the same to Our Council.

10. And whereas effectual care ought to be taken to oblige the members of Our said Council to a due attendance therein, and thereby to prevent the inconveniences that may happen from the want of a quorum to transact