CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON PUBLICATION No. 367 Che Lord Baltimore Press BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A. PREFACE. During the year 1909-10, the author led the anthropological division of the Aleut-Kamchatka Expedition, sent out under the auspices of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society. Part of the time spent in the Aleutian Islands was given to archæological research, and the results of these investigations are presented in the accompanying paper. The original manuscript was prepared in Russian, was ready for the printer in 1916, and was presented to the Academy of Sciences of Russia, where it received the Akhmatoff prize. Its publication was, however, delayed because of the war. Later, in the autumn of 1917 when the Russian revolution broke out, the office of Riaboushinsky Brothers in Moscow, where the manuscript was to be printed, was destroyed by the mob, and it was with difficulty that the author succeeded in saving the Russian manuscript, drawings, and maps from destruction. Of the plates, however, but one copy of each was saved, from which the reproduction used here was made. After reaching the United States the author rewrote the manuscript in English and added new material, so as to include a comparative study of the EskimoAleut collections in America. To this end, collections in the following institutions were studied: the United States National Museum, Washington; the American Museum of Natural History, New York; the Peabody Museum of Harvard University, Cambridge; the University Museum, Philadelphia; the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, New York. The specimens herein described are on exhibition in the Ethnographical Division of the Rumiantzeff Museum in Moscow. The archæological and ethnographical objects obtained on the Aleutian Islands and the Kamchatka Peninsula occupy a large hall called the Riaboushinsky Hall. The anatomical specimens, however, were deposited in the Museum of the Anthropological Institute of the Moscow University. The plates for the original manuscript were made in the photoartistic institute of P. P. Pavloff in Moscow, from photographs taken by the author. The drawings were made in Moscow by the artists W. I. Kondratyeff, A. I. Warshavsky, and P. S. Listchuk. Mr. C. A. Weckerly, of the U. S. Geological Survey, has also contributed some redrawings and other artistic work. Acknowledgment should be made here to Professor W. L. Komarov for the determination of the botanical specimens obtained on the islands; to Professor W. A. Obruchov for a like determination of the minerals of which the ancient Aleut made their stone implements and weapons; to Professor N. M. Knipovich for the definition of shells of mollusks found in the Aleut excavations. The author is under special obligations to Professor Obruchov for the numerous visits he paid to the Rumiantzeff Museum to study the stone objects in the Aleut collection, and to Professor C. I. |