The distinctive characteristics of the various colleges and departments are given in detail in subsequent pages of this REG

ISTER.

HISTORY.

In 1869 the College of California, which had been incorporated in 1855 and which had carried on collegiate instruction since 1860, closed its work of instruction and transferred its property, on terms which were mutually agreed upon, to the State of California for the use of the University of California.

The University was instituted by a law which received the approval of the Governor, March 23, 1868. Instruction was begun in Oakland in the autumn of 1869. The Commencement exercises of 1873 were held at Berkeley, July 16, when the University was formally transferred to its permanent home. Instruction began at Berkeley in the autumn of 1873. The new Constitution of 1879 made the existing organization of the University perpetual.

The Academic Colleges were the only ones actually included in the original organization, although the Organic Act contemplated the establishment of Colleges of Law and Medicine. The Professional Colleges in San Francisco have been added from time to time. The Lick Observatory was formally transferred to the University in June, 1888; the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, in 1893.

SITE AND CLIMATE.

The University of California is located at Berkeley, a town of 25,000 inhabitants, forty minutes' ride by train and ferry from San Francisco. The site of the University comprises about two hundred and seventy acres, rising at first in a gentle and then in a bolder slope from a height of about two hundred feet above the sea level to one of over nine hundred feet. It thus covers a range of more than seven hundred feet in altitude, while back of it the chain of hills continues to rise a thousand feet higher. It has a superb outlook over the bay and city of San Francisco, over the neighboring plains and mountains, the ocean, and the Golden Gate.

The climate at Berkeley is exceptionally well suited for uninterrupted university work throughout the year.

Following is a statement of the climatic conditions of Berkeley, condensed from "A Fifteen year Synopsis of Meteorological Observations made at Berkeley, 1887, July 1, to 1902, June 30." (University Chronicle, Vol. V, No. 3).

53.6

Jan.

46.3

Average Monthly Temperature Means: (Degrees Fahrenheit.)

Mean Temperature

Mean of Daily Maximum

Temperatures

July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 59.2 59.2 59.5 57.4 53.4 47.9

.. 70.3 69.8 69.9 67.4 61.8 54.8

Mean of Daily Minimum

Temperatures

Average Daily Variation .. 16.7

Mean Temperature

Mean of Daily Maximum

Temperatures

Most of the rain falls in the months of December, January and February; small amounts in October, November, March, and April; little or none in May, June, July, August, and September.

14.6

Inches.

26.8

Taking humidity of air at saturation as

Average humidity

Highest

Lowest (rarely-during prevalence of dry northers)

Per Cent.

100.0

84.0

100.0

30.0

It is important to notice that in California high temperatures are invariably accompanied by very low humidity. On this account such temperatures are rarely oppressive. Heat prostrations are practically unknown. It may truthfully be said that high temperatures in California are from ten to twenty degrees "cooler" than the corresponding temperatures east of the Rocky Mountains.

From April to September of each year, the winds are from the west and southwest; i.e., from the Pacific Ocean. They are cool and damp, and seldom have a velocity of more than fifteen miles an hour.

During the remainder of the year, the same general conditions prevail, except that occasionally there is a strong northwest wind, which is rather cool, or a strong northeast wind, dry and warm, commonly called "a norther."

There have been only four slight falls of snow in twenty-eight years; each one barely covering the ground, and remaining only a few hours.

ADMINISTRATION.

The Government of the University of California is intrusted to a corporation styled THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, consisting of the Governor, the Lieutenant-Governor, the Speaker of the Assembly, the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, the President of the State Board of Agriculture, the President of the Mechanics' Institute of San Francisco, and the President of the University, as members ex officio, and sixteen other Regents appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate. To this corporation the State has committed the administration of the University, including management of the finances, care of property, appointment of teachers, and determination of the internal organization in all particulars not fixed by law.

The instruction and government of the students are intrusted to the FACULTIES OF THE SEVERAL COLLEGES and to the ACADEMIC SENATE. The Senate consists of the members of the Faculties and the Instructors of the University, the President and professors alone having the right to vote in its transactions. It holds regular meetings twice a year, and is created for the purpose of conducting the general administration of the University, memorializing the Regents, regulating in the first instance the general and special courses of instruction, and receiving and determining all appeals from acts of discipline enforced by the Faculty of any college; and it exercises such other powers as the Regents may confer upon it. The Senate has created certain Standing Committees, among which are:

1. The Academic Council, composed of the President and the professors, lecturers, and instructors in the Academic Colleges, the President and professors alone having the right to vote in its transactions. Of this committee the President of the University is ex officio chairman, and the Recorder of the Faculties secretary.

It regulates provisionally, or (where the functions to be exercised are executive) supervises, such matters relating to undergraduate students and their work as are not reserved by law to the separate Faculties at Berkeley, but in which they are all concerned.

2. The Graduate Council, composed of the President of the University, the heads of the departments in the Academic Colleges, and such other professors in these colleges as are engaged in the work of strictly graduate instruction. Of this committee the President is ex officio chairman, and the Recorder of the Faculties secretary.

It performs with respect to graduate students, functions similar to those committed to the Academic Council regarding undergraduate students.

3. The Professional Council, composed of the President of the University and two members of each of the Faculties of Law, Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy, elected annually by these Faculties, respectively. Of this committee the President of the University is ex officio chairman; the secretary is, elected by the committee from its own number.

It regulates provisionally, or (where the functions to be exercised are executive) supervises, those matters in which these colleges are all concerned; it also considers the wants of any or all of these colleges, and makes recommendations concerning the same to the Academic Senate.

4. The Editorial Committee, consisting of the President of the University, and six members of the Academic Senate, who are appointed annually by the President. This committee has editorial charge of such publications as are authorized by the Academic Senate.

In all matters not expressly delegated to the Senate or to the several Faculties, the Regents govern, either directly or through the President or Secretary.

FUNDS.

The endowments on which the Academic Colleges and the Lick Observatory have been founded and maintained are the following:

1. The Seminary Fund and Public Building Fund, granted to the State by Congress.

2. The property received from the College of California, including the site at Berkeley.

3. The fund derived from the Congressional Land Grant of July 2, 1862.

4. The Tide Land Fund, appropriated by the State.

5. Various appropriations by the State Legislature for specified purposes.

6. The State University Fund, which is a perpetual endowment derived from a State tax of two cents on each $100 of assessed valuation.

7. The endowment Fund of the Lick Astronomical Department. 8. The United States Experiment Station Fund of $15,000 a year.

9. The Morrill College Aid Fund, yielding in the current year $25,000.

10. The gifts of individuals.

The Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, the College of Medicine, the Post-Graduate Medical Department, the College of Dentistry, and the California College of Pharmacy, are supported by fees from students. The Hastings College of the Law has a separate endowment.