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10. Every Graduate Student who is a candidate for a higher degree must file with the Recorder, at least three calendar months before the time proposed for examination, a detailed schedule of studies on which the candidacy is based. This schedule must bear the approval of the Sub-Committee in charge of the candidate's work.

The minimum period of candidacy for a degree shall be one half-year.

III.

CONDITIONS FOR A BACHELOR'S DEGREE FOR A GRADUATE STUDENT. 11. Graduate Students may be recommended as candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Letters, or Bachelor of Science on completing at least twenty-five units during one or more years of attendance upon such courses of instruction as are regularly pursued by Seniors in the University of California, and on performing such additional work and passing such examinations as may appear necessary to the Graduate Council. In all cases candidates must satisfy the graduation requirement of twenty-four units of Group Elective work, or thirty-six units of advanced studies in the Colleges of General Culture, or their equivalent in the Colleges of Applied Science; not all of which, however, need have been done while in residence at this University. No person will be recommended for a Bachelor's degree who shall not have satisfied substantially, at the time of procedure to the degree, the conditions imposed upon undergraduate students of the University of California.

IV.

CONDITIONS FOR MASTER'S DEGREES.

12. No student may become a candidate for a higher degree in any subject in which at least all of the work prerequisite to the Group Elective or for advanced work in that subject has not been previously completed, as well as such other prerequisites as may appear necessary to the Graduate Council.

13. A candidate for the degree of Master of Arts, Master of Letters, or Master of Science, must have obtained either the corresponding Bachelor's degree from the Colleges of General Culture, Commerce, Chemistry, or Agriculture of the University, or must have pursued successfully a course of study equivalent to that represented by such a degree. The application for admission to candidacy must be made through the Recorder to the Graduate Council,

and must contain a general statement of the studies upon which candidacy is based. Upon approval of this application and admission to candidacy a committee of the Graduate Council will supervise the work of the candidate, conduct the examinations, and pass upon the dissertation, which must be presented not later than the first day of the examination period appointed for examination for the degree. (This does not preclude an earlier date if desired by the Sub-Committee.)

14. A candidate for a Master's degree may present one subject only, or one principal subject and one subordinate subject. The principal subject presented for the degree of Master of Arts or Master of Letters must be selected from Group I, II, or III of the subjects named below for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, or from Group IV, when the candidate has received the degree of Bachelor of Arts from this University, or the equivalent thereof from some other university; for the degree of Master of Science, from Group IV, but in the College of Commerce from any one of the groups; and only those courses may be presented which are designated "primarily for graduates." The subordinate subject may be selected from any one of the groups from which a principal subject may be chosen, and only those courses may be offered which are classed as "primarily for graduates," or "for graduates or advanced undergraduates.'' The decision between presenting purely graduate courses, or advanced undergraduate courses, will lie with the Sub-Committee in charge of the candidate. The course of study must cover a period of not less than one year [see Regulation 9], which must ordinarily be passed in residence. Only in the case of graduates of this University will courses pursued in absentia be accepted in partial satisfaction of the work required for the degree; but in no case will a degree be given to a student who has not been a Resident Graduate at this University for at least one year.

15. When a candidacy for a Master's degree is based on two subjects, the division of time between them must be approved by the Sub-Committee in charge of the candidate; but, ordinarily, at least a third of the work should be given to the subordinate subject.

V.

CONDITIONS FOR THE DOCTOR'S DEGREES.

16. A candidate for the degree of Juris Doctor must hold a Bachelor's degree from one of the Colleges of General Culture or the College of Commerce of this University, and must have taken

among the advanced studies required for such degree fifteen units in the Department of Jurisprudence according to the regulations of that department, or must have pursued successfully a course of study equivalent to that represented by such degree together with such advanced studies in Jurisprudence. A course of study extending over a period of at least two years must be selected by the candidate from a curriculum approved by the Graduate Council. A dissertation must be presented not later than the first day of the examination period appointed for the final examinations for the degree of Juris Doctor.

17. A candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy must hold a Bachelor's degree from one of the Colleges of General Culture of this University, or must have pursued successfully a course of study equivalent to that represented by such a degree. A reading knowledge of French and German will be insisted on in all cases. A course of study must be selected by the applicant from the following groups of courses, and approved by the Graduate Council, embracing one principal and two subsidiary subjects, and extending over a period of at least three years [see Regulation 9], one of which ordinarily must be spent in continuous residence at this University; but in cases where continuous residence is impossible, the course of study must be extended to four years, and the separate periods of residence must together amount to three academic half-years. The work offered as the basis for the principal subject must be equivalent to that classed as "primarily for graduates." A thesis bearing on the principal subject of the course, and of such a character as to show power to prosecute independent investigation, must be presented to the Graduate Council for approval, at least three months previous to the final examination for the degree. Special emphasis will be laid upon this last requirement, and the degree will in no case be given merely for the faithful completion of a course of study, however extensive.

Residence and study for a Master's degree may also be counted in candidacy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, if in accordance with the provisions contained in the preceding paragraph.

18. The division of time, study, and research among the principal and subsidiary subjects for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy must be approved by the Sub-Committee in charge of the student; but, ordinarily, at least a fourth of the candidate's work should be given to each one of the subsidiary subjects.

19. Every candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy must present to the Graduate Council, not later than the first day

of May in each year, a detailed written report, signed by the instructors, of the studies actually pursued during the year, and must furnish evidence satisfactory to the Graduate Council that the work has been of proper quality and scope. Any candidate failing to comply with this requirement will be considered to have withdrawn from candidacy.

20. The degree of Doctor of Philosophy will not be conferred until the candidate has passed, before the Sub-Committee in charge, a special examination, public and oral, upon the studies pursued, and thereby shown distinguished attainments in the principal subject.

21. The work for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy is grouped under the four following headings, but the lists given in each group are not intended to be exhaustive.

I. Intellectual and Moral Philosophy; e.g., (1) Metaphysics; (2) Ethics; (3) Aesthetics; (4) Psychology; (5) Logic; (6) Philosophy of the Sciences; (7) Philosophy of Religion; (8) Philosophy of History and of Government; (9) History of Philosophy, general or special; (10) Education.

II. History and Political Science; e.g., (1) Comparative Constitutional Law; (2) Constitutional Law of the United States; (3) Jurisprudence; (4) Political Economy; (5) Political and Financial History of the United States; (6) The Political History of Europe; (7) Anthropology.

III. Philological Science; e.g., (1) The Critical Study of Selected Greek or Latin authors; (2) Greek Dialects; (3) Early Latin; (4) Ancient Italian Dialects; (5) Greek or Roman Literature; (6) Greek or Roman Archaeology; (7) Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin; (8) Comparative Philology of the Indo-European Languages; (9) Sanskrit; (10) English Literature; (11) Old and Middle English; (12) Old Norse; (13) Gothic; (14) Old Saxon; (15) German Literature; (16) The Romanic Languages and Literatures; (17) The Semitic Languages and Literatures; (18) The Chinese and Japanese Languages and Literatures; (19) Anthropology.

IV. The Natural Sciences; e.g., (1) Mathematics; (2) Physics; (3) Astronomy; (4) Chemistry; (5) Botany; (6) Zoology; (7) Anthropology; (8) Geology; (9) Mineralogy; (10) Agriculture.

VI.

For special regulations regarding students at the Lick Observatory, see under Lick Astronomical Department.

VII.

CONDITIONS FOR DEGREES IN ENGINEERING.

23. A candidate for the degree of Mechanical Engineer must be a graduate of the College of Mechanics of this University, or must have successfully completed an amount of work equivalent to the regular undergraduate course of that college; and must pass a satisfactory examination in the following studies: Thermodynamics, construction of hydraulic motors and heat-engines, dynamoelectric machinery, machine construction, and general machine design. The applicant must also have engaged for at least one year in professional work, in addition to the time spent in graduate study; and must present an original memoir upon some subject bearing upon this profession. This degree will not be given earlier than three years after completion of the undergraduate work.

24. A candidate for the degree of Mining Engineer must be a graduate of the College of Mining of this University, or must have successfully completed a course of study equivalent to the regular undergraduate course of that college; and must pass an examination in the following subjects: Mining, ore-dressing, petrography, economic geology, the elements of thermodynamics, construction of mining machinery, and political economy. The applicant must have had at least one year of actual practice in the field in the course chosen, and must show by an original memoir upon some subject bearing upon this profession, power to apply to practice the knowledge acquired. This degree will not be given earlier than three years after completion of the undergraduate work.

25. A candidate for the degree of Metallurgical Engineer must pass a satisfactory examination in the following subjects: Metallurgy, ore-dressing, assaying and analysis, the elements of thermodynamics, construction of furnaces and metallurgical machinery, and political economy. In all other respects the conditions are the same as those required for the degree of Mining Engineer.

26. A candidate for the degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering must hold a Bachelor's degree from the College of Civil Engineering of this University, or must have pursued successfully a course of study equivalent to that represented by such

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