THE JUNIOR CERTIFICATE.

The Junior Certificate marks the division between the Lower Division and the Upper Division of the undergraduate course. With few exceptions, all prescribed subjects not directly related to the student's major or advanced work will have been completed either during the high-school course or in the Lower Division. The work of the Lower Division comprises normally the studies of the Freshman and Sophomore years. The work of the Upper Division must be extended through at least two years; in the colleges of engineering normally three years are required.

All candidates for the bachelor's degree in the Colleges of Letters, Social Sciences, Natural Sciences and Commerce must qualify for the Junior Certificate before proceeding to the work of the Upper Division. The same rule holds for the general course in the College of Agriculture, but not for the technical course in that college.

For the Junior Certificate, 64 units of University work are required, in addition to Subject A and in addition to the 45 units required for matriculation, making a total of 109 units. These 64 units of Lower Division credit may normally be completed in two years, but students are required to remain in the Lower Division only until such time as they are able to complete the requirements for the Junior Certificate. Students in the Lower Division may take as high as 19 units of University work per half-year, in addition to the prescribed courses in Military Science, Physical Culture, and Hygiene.

Students in the technical course, as distinguished from the general course, in the College of Agriculture, and students in Mechanics, Mining, Civil Engineering, and Chemistry may receive the bachelor's degree in the four-year courses by completing the curricula given hereinafter, without working according to the Junior Certificate plan. Students in the five-year courses in Mechanics, Mining, Civil Engineering, and Chemistry may choose their electives so as to obtain the Junior Certificate, or they may, if they prefer, proceed to the degree without the Certificate.

The requirements for the Junior Certificate for students in all colleges, and for students at large, may be summarized as follows:

SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS FOR THE JUNIOR CERTIFICATE, INCLUDING REQUIREMENTS FOR

MATRICULATION.

General Explanation.—In this table the normal amount of work represented both by preparatory or high school subjects, and by the University courses, is specified quantitatively. In the University a unit signifies one hour per week of recitation or lecture, with preparation therefor, during one half-year. A course of study taken in the preparatory school for one year at five periods per week is valued at 3 units.

In addition to the requirements here tabulated, all candidates for the Junior Certificate must pass an examination in Subject A. An examination in this subject will be given sometime after the beginning of each half-year. Every intrant admitted to regular first-year or second-year standing is required to take an examination in Subject A before the close of his first half-year's work; failure to take the examination in Subject A at the time required, or failure to pass, has the same effect upon the student's standing as a failure to pass in an ordinary course.

All students who are candidates for degrees according to the Junior Certificate plan must have credit before graduation for at least 6 units of French or German. The requirement in Foreign Languages for the Junior Certificate may or may not include these 6 units.

Unless expressly provided for in this table, no part of the prescribed work may be taken during the last two years of residence or after the receipt of the Junior Certificate.

All matriculation deficiencies must be removed before the student leaves the Lower Division.

The number of units which the student must average term by term, in order to complete in two years the work of the Lower Division, is sixteen. Regular students, then, ought not to take much less than sixteen units, and beginners should not attempt more without official advice.

Students who do not take Military Science, Physical Culture, or Hygiene must make up the deficiency in hours in other departments of study.

[The requirements are stated in "units;" see preceding page for explanation.]

1. Matriculation.-The candidate for admission must have chosen his 45 units in such a way as to have a total of 12 units of subjects designated as "advanced," including History and Government of the United States, and including one of the following sciences, if taken, with laboratory work, in the third or fourth year of the high school course: Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Zoology, Physiology. The preparatory subjects listed as "advanced" are: 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12 (excluding the sciences of the first and second years of the high school), 13b, 14, 15a3, 15a', 15b3, 15b1.

Applicants entering the Colleges of Natural Sciences, Agriculture,

Engineering, or Chemistry, or expecting to take up other courses of study presupposing a knowledge of the elements of Physics or Chemistry, with laboratory practice (matriculation subjects 11, 12b), should provide for this work either during the high school course or during the University summer sessions. No equivalent for this work is offered during the regular sessions of the University. Applicants for the College of Letters, the College of Social Sciences, or for other courses of study requiring matriculation Latin, subject 6, should notice that the University does not offer instruction in this subject either during the regular sessions or during the summer sessions.

2. Students at Large.-Students at large are admitted to the University provided they have credit for any 45 units of matriculation work. They will be granted the Junior Certificate as students at large on completing the requirements given in this column and on passing an examination in Subject A, but will be granted the Junior Certificate as candidates for degrees only upon the completion of the requirements for the Certificate as prescribed for regular students.

3. College of Letters.-The requirements in Greek and Latin are as follows: matriculation Latin, 6 units; either matriculation or college Latin, 6 units; either matriculation or college Greek, 9 units; college Greek, 3 units; college Greek or Latin, or both, 6 units. Total, 30 units.

4. Colleges of Letters, Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, Commerce, and Agriculture; and students at large. The prescribed work in science must be chosen from fundamental courses in the following sciences:

A. Physics, Chemistry.

B. Astronomy, Botany, Geography, Geology, Mineralogy, Physiology, Zoology.

At least one course should be chosen from each of the groups A and B. Courses which may be credited as prescribed science are:

Physics, matriculation subject 11 and college courses 1, 2A, 3, 4; Chemistry, matriculation subject 12b and college courses 1, 3, 1A, 8A. Astronomy, college courses 1A, 1B, 2, 5; Botany, matriculation subject 12c and College courses 1, 2, 3.

Geography, matriculation subject 12e and college courses 7, 10; Geology, college courses 1A, 1B, 5; Mineralogy, college course 1; Physiology, matriculation subject 12f and college course 1; Zoology, matriculation subject 12d and college courses 1, 2; Entomology, college courses 1, 2, 4.

Students in the College of Natural Sciences or Agriculture must include at least one course in Physics, one course in Chemistry, and one course in Astronomy, Botany, Geography, Geology, Physiology, or Zoology, selected from the matriculation or college courses named above.

5. College of Social Sciences.-The requirement in Latin is: matriculation Latin, 6 units; either matriculation or college Latin, 6 units. Total, 12 units.

6. College of Commerce.-History, etc., must include: Economic Geography, 3 units; Economic Theory, 6 units; History and Political Science, 15 units. Mathematics must include college courses 2A and

2B, 10 units. Natural Science must include Physical Geography, college course 7, 2 units. Of foreign languages there are required for the degree 30 units, of which at least 18 units must be completed before the student enters the upper division.

7. Colleges of Engineering and Chemistry.-In these Colleges six units of the requirement in history, etc., may be deferred until the year following the granting of the Junior Certificate. The requirement in mathematics is as follows: Matriculation subjects 2 and 3, 6 units; matriculation subjects 4 and 12a2, 4% units, or the college courses equivalent thereto; and course 3A, 6 units. Total, at least 16% units. Students in the Colleges of Engineering and Chemistry will in many cases find it advisable to complete also Mathematics 3B, 6 units, before entering the Upper Division. In natural science the requirement is: matriculation Physics, 3 units; college Physics, course 1, 6 units; matriculation Chemistry, 3 units; college Chemistry, courses 1 and 3, 10 units. Total, 22 units. The requirement in drawing is: Matriculation subjects 16 and 17, or their college equivalents. Total, at least 4 units. In the Colleges of Engineering the required work in surveying comprises the college courses 1A and 1B in Civil Engineering, 6 units.

For matriculation in the Medical Department-the four years' course leading to M.D.-the student is required to obtain his Junior Certificate either in Letters, Social Sciences, or Natural Sciences, and is required to have had at least a year's laboratory course of college grade in each of the following subjects: Physics, Chemistry, Zoology; and also to have a fair reading knowledge of both German and French.

Students entering from other colleges will be expected to present credentials covering substantially the work represented by the Junior Certificate, with the special studies mentioned above.

If, however, the student desires to receive both B.S. and M.D. by combining his academic and professional courses in a seven-year curriculum, the first year of work as prescribed in the College of Medicine will be accepted as the fourth or last year of the undergraduate course in the Colleges of Letters and Natural Sciences, on the following conditions:

(1) That the requirements for Junior Certificate be met.

(2) That the required number of units for graduation be presented.

(3) That the student have a reading knowledge of German or French.

(4) That the student complete approximately two years' work of University grade in each of the following sciences-Chemistry, Physics, and Zoology.