"Come hither!" he sings; that is, "Come here to the woods."

He invites him to come, if he can be satisfied with getting his own food: berries for fruit; deer for meat. "Here in the woods," the singer goes on to say, "there are no enemies but winter and rough weather."

Notice the th words.

Read the stanza to yourself.

Then listen while your teacher reads it aloud. Now read it to your classmates, pronouncing the words carefully and clearly.

Read as if you were speaking to your classmates. Notice that you read the last lines as if they were printed in this way:

“Here shall he see no enemy but winter and rough weather."

Write a short story, taking one of the following

topics as your title. Use as many of the words in the

above list as you need. Read your finished story

to the class. If you mispronounce any words, your classmates will tell you.

1. A Day of Failures.

2. A Difficult Lesson.

3. The Day I was Unprepared.

4. The Study I Like Best.

5. An Unexpected Examination.

204

LEARNING PARTS OF SPEECH

PRONOUNS

Napoleon Bonaparte was born on the island of Corsica in 1769. Napoleon owed much to Napoleon's mother, but Napoleon's early life was not happy, because Napoleon made very few friends at school. Napoleon became a great leader in war and was made Emperor of France. Napoleon fought the battle of Waterloo where Napoleon was defeated. Napoleon was banished to the island of St. Helena where Napoleon died in 1821.

Read the above paragraph to yourself. What do you think of it? Can you improve it?

Read it again as you think it ought to be.
In what way have you changed it?

What word have you used most frequently?

Of what word does it take the place?

A word that is used to take the place of a noun is

called a pronoun.

Make a list of the pronouns in the following sentences. Tell for what noun each pronoun stands.

Dick was Edith's pet canary. His cage hung in her room, and she always called to him when she came home from school. One day when she called, there was no answer. She ran into her room. There was Dick's cage but no Dick. Again she called, but there was no answer. From the next room came a faint chirp. Edith ran quickly and found Dick in her mother's work basket with his foot entangled in some embroidery silk. He was glad to get back to his cage.

A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun.

The noun for which a pronoun stands is its antecedent.

Here are some pronouns that you often use:

FORMING GOOD SPEECH HABITS

Practice saying the following expressions until your ear is familiar with the sound, and you have acquired the habit of speaking them.

In each blank in the following sentences use the pronoun that stands for the noun in brackets.

1. It was

2. It is

who told me all about it [Mary]. who have done this [boys].

3. When I called, "Who is there?" Mary answered,

"It is

4. I think it is

5. It was

who won the game [Clara and Helen]. who spoke to me [Ernest].

who did it [Dorothy].

6. It was

7. It wasn't

8. It was neither

9. Is it

10. Was it

11. It wasn't

nor Ella].

nor

who is whistling [Joe].

who said it [Jim

who gave it to you [Florence]?
who called you [oneself].

12. Is it -you want [oneself]?

Write other sentences containing these expressions. Read your sentences to the class.

206

USING THE PRONOUN AFTER THAN

Rob is taller than I, but I am much stronger than he. This sentence means, Rob is taller than I am, but I am much stronger than he is.

The pronouns I, he, she, we, and they are used after than because they are the subjects of the verb which is understood.

Copy the following sentences, omitting the names after than and supplying the correct pronoun.

1. I am older than (Jim).

2. France and Italy are great countries but the United States is much larger than (France and Italy).

3. John can catch better than (Henry).

4. Dick can run faster than (John and Jim).

5. Ned and I are the same age, but Dorothy is older than (Ned and I).

Write other sentences, using the correct pronoun after than. Read your sentences to the class.

Practice saying than I, than he, than she, until you are so familiar with the sound that you will never make a mistake.

207

USING PRONOUNS IN OTHER WAYS

Repeat the sentences that follow until the sound of them is familiar to you, and you have formed the habit of using the correct pronoun.

Fred and I went.
Fred and she went.

Fred and he went.
Fred and they went.

Father took Fred and me.
Father took Fred and her.
Father took Fred and him.

Father took Fred and them.

Cover the words Fred and in each of these groups of

sentences. Now read the sentences.

pronouns are the same in both cases.

You see that the

Fill the blanks in the following sentences with correct pronouns.

1. Won't you let Frank and go with you? 2. Henry gave all his marbles to Bob and

3. girls are going to give a party.

4. Clara wants you to sit between Helen and 5. Father was angry with all of

children.