repairs to one or both of its draw-bars that is not equipped with automatic coupelers [couplers] so constructed as not to require any person or persons to be between the cars when in the act of coupeling [coupling] or uncoupeling [uncoupling] is done.

SEC. 2 (as amended by chapter 23, acts of 1892). After January 1st, 1898, it shall be unlawful for any corporation, company or persons operating a railroad, or any transportation company using or leasing cars of any description and used in the commerce of the country, or in the construction of railroads, to have upon any railroad in Iowa for use in the transportation of freight or passengers any car that is not equipped with such safety automatic coupler as provided for in section one of this act.

SEC. 3 (as amended by chapter 23, acts of 1892). It shall be unlawful for any corporation, company or person operating any line of railroad in this State, to use any locomotive engine upon any railroad or in any railroad yard in this State after the first day of January, 1895, that is not equipped with a proper and efficient power brake, commonly called a driver brake.

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SEC. 4 (as amended by chapter 23, acts of 1892). It shall be unlawful for any corporation, company or person operating a line of railroad in this State, to run any train of cars after the first day of January, 1895, that shall not have in that train a sufficient number of cars with some kind of efficient automatic or power brakes, so that the engineer upon the locomotive car can control the train without requiring brakemen to go between the ends or on the top of the cars to use, as now, the common hand brake.

SEC. 5. Every railroad corporation, company or person operating a railroad in this State, and every person or persons using or leasing cars in the transportation business, or in building railroads, shall, and are by this act required to include in their annual report to the State railroad commissioners the number of locomotive engines and cars used in this State and what number is equipped with automatic power brakes and what number of cars equipped with automatic safety couplers and the kind of brakes and couplers used and the number of each kind, when more than one kind is used.

SEC. 6. Any corporation, company or person operating a railroad in this State, and using a locomotive engine, or running a train of cars or using any freight, way or other car, contrary to the provisions of this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be subject to a fine of not less than five hundred dollars or not more than one thousand dollars, for the benefit of the school fund, for each and every offense, provided the penalties on this section shall not apply to companies in hauling cars belonging to railroads other than those of this State which are engaged in interstate traffic and any railroad employee who may be injured by the running of such engine, or train or car contrary to the provisions of this law, shall not be considered as waiving his right to recover damage by continuing in the employ of such corporation, company or person running such engine or trains or cars contrary to this law.

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SEC. 7 (added by chapter 23, acts of 1892). The board of railroad commissioners shall have power, upon a showing which it shall deem reasonable, to extend the time within which any such corporation shall be required to comply with the provisions of this act; except that no such extension shall be made beyond 1900. After the first day of January, 1900, any common carrier shall refuse to accept or receive from any connecting line any car to be used within this State that is not fully equipped as required by this act." This act being deemed of immediate importance shall take effect upon publication in the Iowa State Register" and the "Des Moines Leader" newspapers published at Des Moines, Iowa.

CHAPTER 47.-Liens on coal mines, etc.

SEC. 1. Every laborer or miner who shall perform labor in opening and developing any coal mine, including sinking shafts, constructing slopes, or drifts, mining coal and the like, shall have a lien upon all the property of the person, firm or corporation, owning, constructing or operating such mine, used in the construction or operation thereof, including real estate, buildings, engines, cars, mules, scales and all other personal property, for the value of such labor for the full amount thereof, upon the same terms with the same rights and to be secured and enforced as mechanics' liens are secured and enforced.

CHAPTER 48.-Wages preferred in payments by receivers, etc.

SEC. 1. Hereafter, when the property of any company, corporation, firm or person shall be seized upon by any process of any court of this State, or when their business shall be suspended by the action of creditors or be put into the hands of

a receiver or trustee, then in all such cases, the debts owing to laborers or servants, which have accrued by reason of their labor or employment to an amount not exceeding one hundred dollars to each employee for work or labor performed within ninety days next preceding the seizure or transfer of such property, shall be considered and treated as preferred debts and such laborers or employees shall be preferred creditors, and shall first be paid in full; and if there be not sufficient to pay them in full, then the same shall be paid to them pro rata after paying costs. Any such laborer or servant desiring to enforce his or her claim for wages under this act shall present a statement under oath showing the amount due after allowing all just credits and set-offs. the kind of work for which such wages are due, and when performed, to the officer, person or court charged with such property within ten days after the seizure thereof on any execution or writ of attachment, or within thirty days after the same may have been placed in the hands of any receiver or trustee; and thereupon it shall be the duty of the person or court receiving such statement to pay the amount of such claim or claims to the person or persons entitled thereto (after first paying all costs occasioned by the seizure of such property) out of the proceeds of the sale of the property seized: Provided, That any person interested may contest any such claim or claims or any part thereof by filing exceptions thereto, supported by affidavit, with the officer having the custody of such property and thereupon the claimant shall be required to reduce his claims to judgment before some court having jurisdiction thereof, before any part thereof shall be paid.

ACTS OF 1892.

CHAPTER 33.-Protection of employees as voters—Time to vote to be allowed, etc. SECTION 24. Any person entitled to vote at a general election in this State shall, on the day of such election, be entitled to absent himself from any services or employment in which he is then engaged or employed for a period of two hours, between the time of opening and closing the polls, and such voter shall not, because of so absenting himself, be liable to any penalty, or shall any deduction be made on account of such absence from his usual salary or wages; Provided, however, That application for such leave of absence shall be made prior to the day of election. The employer may specify the hours during which said employee may absent himself as aforesaid. Any person or corporation who shall refuse to an employee the privilege hereby conferred, or shall subject an employee to a penalty or deduction of wages because of the exercise of such privilege, or who shall in any manner attempt to influence or control such voter as to how he shall vote, by offering any reward or by threatening his discharge from employment, or otherwise intimidating him from a full and free exercise of his right to vote, or shall, directly or indirectly, violate the provisions of this section, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and be fined in any sum not less than five dollars ($5) or more than one hundred dollars ($100).

CHAPTER 36.-Trade-marks of trade unions, etc.

SEC. 1. Whenever any person, association or union of workingmen and others have adopted, or shall hereafter adopt, for their protection any label, trade-mark, or form of advertisement, it shall be unlawful for any person or corporation to counterfeit or imitate such label, trade-mark or form of advertisement. Every person violating this section shall upon conviction be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than thirty days, or by a fine of not less than twenty-five dollars, nor more than one hundred dollars.

SEC. 2. Every person who shall use any counterfeit or imitation of any label, trade-mark or form of advertisement of any such person, union or association, knowing the same to be a counterfeit or imitation, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be punished as provided in section one.

SEC. 3. Every such person, association or union that has heretofore adopted, or shall hereafter adopt a label, trade-mark or form of advertisement as aforesaid, shall file the same for record in the office of secretary of state, by leaving two copies, counterparts or facsimiles thereof with the secretary of state; said secretary shall deliver to such person, association or union so filing the same a duly attested certificate of the record of the same, for which he shall receive a fee of one dollar. Such certificate of record shall in all suits and prosecutions under this act be sufficient proof of the adoption of such label, trade-mark, or form of advertisement, and the right of said person, association or union to adopt the

same.

SEC. 4. Every such person, association or union adopting a label, trade-mark, or form of advertisement as aforesaid, may proceed by suit to enjoin the manufacture, use, display, or sale of any such counterfeits or imitations; and all courts having jurisdiction thereof shall grant injunctions to restrain such manufacture, use, display, or sale, and shall award the complainant in such suit, such damages, resulting from such wrongful manufacture, use, display, or sale, and a reasonable attorney's fee to be fixed by the court, as may by said court be deemed just and reasonable, and shall require the defendant to pay to such person, association or union the profits derived from such wrongful manufacture, use, display, or sale, and reasonablo attorney's fee to be fixed by the court, and said court shall also order that all such counterfeits or imitations in the possession or under the control of any defendant in such case be delivered to an officer of the court to be destroyed. SEC. 5. Every person who shall use or display the genuine label, trade-mark, or form of advertisement of any such person, association or union, in any manner not authorized by such person, union or association, shall be deemed guilty of misdemeanor, and shall be punished as provided in section one.

SEC. 6. In all cases where such persons, association or union is not incorporated, suits under this act may be commenced and prosecuted by any such person, officer or member of such association or union on behalf of, and for the use of such person, association or union.

SEC. 7. Any person or persons who shall in any way use the name or seal of any such person, association or union, or officer thereof, in and about the sale of goods or otherwise, not being authorized to so use the same, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished as provided in section one.

CHAPTER 47.-Seats for female employees.

SEC. 1. It shall be the duty of all employers of females in any mercantile or manufacturing business or occupation to provide and maintain suitable seats, when practicable, for the use of such female employees, at or beside the counter or work-bench where employed, and to permit the use of such seats by such employees to such an extent as the work engaged in may reasonably admit of. SEC. 2. Any neglect or refusal to comply with section one of this act by any employer or employers, shall be deemed a misdemeanor and on being convicted of such refusal or neglect such employer or employers shall be punished by a fine not exceeding ten dollars at the discretion of the court and the costs of the suit.

SEC. 3. It is hereby made the duty of the county attorney to prosecute all violations of this act upon the filing of an information by any citizen as required by section 4661, chapter (11) eleven of the Code of Iowa.

CHAPTER 51.-Industrial home for the blind.

SEC. 1. The home for the blind located at Knoxville, in Marion County, shall be known as "The Industrial Home for the Blind."

SEC. 2. The objects of said home are, first, to instruct the adult blind of the State, who may be admitted thereto, in some suitable trade or avocation, in order to enable them to earn their own support or contribute thereto; and, second to furnish a working home for such of the adult blind of the State as have learned a trade or avocation, and may desire to remain or be employed in the said home. SEC. 3. Every adult blind person who has a legal settlement in the State of Iowa, and who is physically and mentally able to perform such manual labor as may be required in the trades or avocations carried on at said home, shall be eligible to become an inmate thereof, under such reasonable rules and restrictions as may be adopted by the commissioners or trustees in charge of said home.

ACTS OF 1894.

CHAPTER 20.-Convict labor.

SECTION 1. After the passage of this act the warden of the penitentiary at Anamosa is required to have all the stone which are not used for building purposes by the State, and all refuse stone at the state quarry broken up by the use of hammers into pieces not larger than two and one half inches in diameter. Such broken stone is to be used for the improvement and macadamizing of highways and streets. The said warden is required to have this work done by convict labor except when employed in work upon public buildings or other important work,

CHAPTER 95.—Exemption from execution, etc.—Fowl.

SEC. 1. Hereafter there shall be exempt from attachment and execution to any man who is the head of a family, and to any woman whether she is the head of a family or not, poultry to the value of fifty dollars.

CHAPTER 98.-Payment of wages in mines.

SEC. 1. Any person, firm or corporation operating any coal mine in Iowa in which more than two men are employed shall, upon demand, pay their employees in lawful money of the United States, the first and third Saturdays of each month the full amount of wages earned by them and remaining unpaid for the two weeks next preceding the week in which payments are made, and in no case shall any person, firm or corporation operating coal mines in this State withhold from their employees more than the amount of three weeks earnings at any one time.

SEC. 2. Any person, firm or corporation who shall refuse, neglect or fail for five days after demand of payment in writing has been made by any employee or employees for their labor in conformity with the provisions of this act, shall be liable to such employee, or employees for the full value of his or their labor remaining unpaid at time such demand was made, to which shall be added a penalty of one dollar for each succeeding day, not exceeding double the amount of wages due, and a reasonable attorney's fee to be recovered in a civil action. Said written demand for payment delivered to any officer or agent of said firm, corporation or person, shall be held a good and sufficient service of notice, verified by affidavit of the person making such demand and service of notice.

CHAPTER 102.-Assignment, etc., of claims to avoid effect of exemption laws as regards wages unlawful.

SEC. 1. Whoever, whether principal, agent or attorney, intent thereby to deprive any bona fide resident of the State of Iowa of his or her rights, under the statutes of Iowa on the subject of the exemption of property from levy and sale on execution, or in attachment or garnishment, sends or causes to be sent out of the State of Iowa any claim for debt to be collected by proceedings in attachment, garnishment, or other menas [mesne] process, when the creditor, debtor person, or corporation owing for the earnings intended to be reached by such proceedings in attachment are each and all within the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Iowa, shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined for each and every claim so sent in any sum not less than ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars.

SEC. 2. Whoever, either directly or indirectly, assigns or transfers any claim for debt against a citizen of Iowa for the purpose of having the same collected by proceedings in attachment, garnishment, or other process, out of the wages or personal earnings of the debtor, in courts outside of the State of Iowa, when the creditor, debtor, person or corporation owing the money intended to be reached by the proceedings in attachment are each and all within the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Iowa, shall, upon conviction thereof be fined in any sum not less than ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars for each offense.

SEC. 3. Whenever in any proceedings in any court of this State to subject the wages due to any person to garnishment, it shall appear that such person is a nonresident of the State of Iowa; that the wages earned by him were earned outside the State of Iowa, the said person, whose wages are so sought to be subjected to garnishment. shall be allowed the same exemption as is at the time allowed to him by law of the State in which he so resides.

KANSAS.
CONSTITUTION.

ARTICLE 11.-Exemption from taxation.

SECTION 1. The legislature shall provide for a uniform and equal rate of assessment and taxation; but 營 * * personal property to the amount of at least two hundred dollars for each family, shall be exempted from taxation.

ARTICLE 15.-Exemption from execution, etc.-Homesteads.

SEC. 9. A homestead to the extent of one hundred and sixty acres of farming land, or of one acre within the limits of an incorporated town or city, occupied as

a residence by the family of the owner, together with all the improvements on the same, shall be exempted from forced sale under any process of law, and shall not be alienated without the joint consent of husband and wife, when that relation exists; but no property shall be exempt from sale for taxes, or for the payment of obligations contracted for the purchase of said premises, or for the erection of improvements thereon: Provided, The provisions of this section shall not apply to any process of law obtained by virtue of a lien given by the consent of both husband and wife.

GENERAL STATUTES OF 1889.

CHAPTER 5a.-Tribunals of voluntary arbitration.

PARAGRAPH 332. The district court of each county, or a judge thereof in vacation, shall have the power, and upon the presentation of a petition as hereinafter provided it shall be the duty, of said court or judge to issue a license or authority for the establishment within and for any county within the jurisdiction of said court, of a tribunal for voluntary arbitration and settlements of disputes between employers and employed in the manufacturing, mechanical, mining and other industries.

PARAGRAPH 333. The said petition shall be substantially in the form hereinafter given, and the petition shall be signed by at least five persons employed as workinen, or by two or more separate firms, individuals, or corporations within the county who are employers within the county:

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PARAGRAPH 334. If the said petition shall be signed by the requisite number of either employers or workmen, and be in proper form, the judge shall forthwith cause to be issued a license, authorizing the existence of such a tribunal and containing the names of four persons to compose the tribunal, two of whom shall be workmen and two employers, all residents of said county, and fixing the time and place of the first meeting thereof;

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PARAGRAPH 335. Said tribunal shall continue in existence for one year from the date of the license creating it, and may take jurisdiction of any dispute between employers and workmen in any mechanical, manufacturing, mining, or other industry, who may submit their disputes in writing to such tribunal for decision.

* *. Said court at the time of the issuance of said license shall appoint an umpire for said tribunal, who shall be sworn to impartially decide all questions that may be submitted to him during his term of office. The umpire shall be called upon to act after disagreement is manifested in the tribunal by failure to agree during three meetings held and full discussion had. His award shall be final and conclusive upon such matters only as are submitted to him in writing and signed by the whole of the members of the tribunal, or by parties submitting the same. And the award of said tribunal shall be final and conclusive upon the questions so submitted to it: Provided, That said award may be impeached for fraud, accident, or mistake.

PARAGRAPH 336. The said tribunal when convened shall be organized by the selection of one of their number as chairman, and one as secretary, who shall be chosen by a majority of the members.

PARAGRAPH 337. The members of the tribunal and the umpire shall each receive as compensation for their services, out of the treasury of the county in which said dispute shall arise, two dollars for each day of actual service. The sessions of said tribunal shall be held at the county seat of the county where the petition for the same was presented, and a suitable room for the use of said tribunal shall be provided by the county commissioners.

PARAGRAPH 338. All submissions of matters in dispute shall be made to the chairman of said tribunal, who shall file the same. The chairman of the tribunal shall have power to administer oaths to all witnesses who may be produced, and a majority of said tribunal may provide for the examination and investigation of books, documents and accounts necessary, material and pertaining to the matters in hearing before the tribunal, and belonging to either party to the dispute. The umpire shall have power when necessary to administer oaths and examine witnesses, and examine and investigate books, documents and accounts pertaining to the matters submitted to him for decision.

PARAGRAPH 339. The said tribunal shall have power to make, ordain and enforce rules for the government of the body when in session, to enable the business to be proceeded with in order, and to fix its sessions and adjournments, but such rules shall not conflict with this statute nor with any of the provisions of the constitution and laws of the State: Provided, That the chairman of said tribunal may convene said tribunal in extra session at the earliest day possible, in cases of emergency.