Act grants wide latitude
to Administrative Law
Judges to regulate the
course of the hearing
including the order of
proof. In the absence of
clear abuse, the ruling of
an Administrative Law
Judge assigning the ini-
tial burden of going for-
ward will not be
overturned..
Proposed Findings, Con-
clusions or Exceptions
1. The requirement of the Ad-
ministrative Procedure
Act, that the record shall
show the ruling on each
finding, conclusion, or ex-
ception presented, can
be satisfied without a
specific separate ruling on
each proposed finding,
conclusion or exception;
provided the total de-
cision sufficiently informs
a party of the disposition
of all its proposed findings
and conclusions or excep-
tions. 5 U.S.C. § 557 (c)__
FEDERAL COAL MINE HEALTH
AND SAFETY ACT OF 1969-Con.
APPEALS-Con.
Generally-Con.
circumstances advanced
by the operator in de-
termining the assessment
of penalties, and where
appellant's arguments
have been fully and fairly
considered by the Judge,
the Board will not dis-
turb the Administrative
Law Judge's decision....
3. The Board will not disturb
the findings and con-
clusions of an Adminis-
trative Law Judge in the
absence of a showing that
the evidence compels a
different result..
CLOSURE ORDERS
Imminent Danger
1. Where a Bureau of Mines
inspector observed an
"imminently dangerous"
condition, immediately
issued an order of with-
drawal pursuant to sec-
tion 104(a) of the Act,
remained on the scene
until in his judgment
the danger was elimi-
nated, and then lifted
the order so that normal
mining operations could
be resumed, he acted in
a reasonable, proper and
lawful manner___
2. Regardless of the unavail-
ability of equipment,
materials, or qualified
technicians, an inspector
is obliged to issue an order
of withdrawal under sec-
tion 104(a) of the Act,
where, upon any inspec-
tion of a coal mine, he
FEDERAL COAL MINE HEALTH
AND SAFETY ACT OF 1969-Con.
CLOSURE ORDERS-Con.
Imminent Danger-Con.
finds that an imminent
danger exists. 30 U.S.C.
§§ 814(a), 814(h)__.
3. Presence of 1.5 volume per
centum or more of meth-
ane supports issuance of
section 104(a) With-
drawal Order..
ENTITLEMENT OF MINERS
Discharge
Burden of Proof
1. Proof by a discharged miner
that he has notified only a
member of the mine
safety committee of an
alleged violation or dan-
ger without showing a
notice or instigation
thereof to the Secretary
or his authorized repre-
sentative fails to sustain
the burden of proving a
violation of section 110(b)
(1) (A) of the Act------
1. A visual observation will
support a violation of sec-
tion 304(a)-accumula-
tion of coal dust_____
2. Where a notice of violation
of section 304(a) of the
Act shows no indication
of the depth or extent of
an accumulation of com-
bustible material, and
MESA's sole witness, the
the inspector who issued
the notice, has no present
recollection of the condi-
tion, for which the notice
was issued, the evidence
is insufficient to con-
stitute a prima facie
Law Judge fails to make
the required express find-
ings of fact regarding any
of the six statutory
criteria, required by sec-
tion 109 (a) (1)' of the Act,
to be considered in deter-
mining the amount of a
penalty warranted, in lieu
of a remand, the Board
may make the appro-
priate findings for the
Department in accord-
ance with the evidence of
record. 30 U.S.C. § 819(a)
(1)-----
Administrative
Law Judge makes find-
ings of fact regarding
any of the six statutory
criteria required by sec-
tion 109(a)(1) of the Act
to be considered in deter-
mining the amount of the
penalty warranted, but
in so doing, ignores or
fails to properly apply
the evidence of record,
the Board may substitute
its findings to coincide
with the evidence and
adjust the amount of the
penalty assessed accord-
ingly. 30 U.S.C. § 819 (a)
(1).
1. A penalty proceeding before
an Administrative Law
Judge is a de novo pro-
ceeding in which the
amount of a penalty as-
sessed is determined on
the basis of the evidence
presented without regard
to any assessment pro-
posed by the Assessment
FEDERAL COAL MINE HEALTH
AND SAFETY ACT OF 1969-Con.
HEARINGS-Con.
Procedure-Con.
followed by the assess-
ment officer under 30
CFR Part 100 and does
not relate to the hearing
procedure pursuant to 43
CFR Part 4................
5. A party's right to withdraw a
pleading is determined
under the rules in effect at
the time such right is ex-
ercised.
6. An Administrative Law Judge
may not vacate an order
of withdrawal in a civil
penalty proceeding held
pursuant to section 109
(a) (3) __.
7. Where, under 43 CFR 4.512,
an operator withdraws its
petition for hearing and
formal adjudication after
the close of an eviden-
tiary hearing, but, prior
to issuance of a final de-
cision, it is not entitled to
a dismissal without prej-
udice____
8. An Administrative Law Judge
may not vacate an order
of withdrawal in a civil
penalty proceeding held
pursuant to section 109 (a)
Summary Decisions
1. An Administrative Law Judge
may not issue a summary
decision upon his own
motion based upon an
order to show cause, be-
cause the governing regu-
lation, 43 CFR 4.590, re-
quires a moving party...
FEDERAL COAL MINE HEALTH
AND SAFETY ACT OF 1969-Con.
HEARINGS-Con.
Summary Decisions-Con.
2. In a proceeding to review an
imminent danger with-
drawal order, an Admin-
istrative Law Judge may
not grant summary de-
cision to the applicant
where the record is devoid
of evidence, there is a
general denial of the alle-
gations contained in the
Application for Review,
and there is a conceivable
set of facts which the evi-
dence may reveal which
would support the posi-
tion of the opponent of
summary decision_____
Waiver
1. Where there are disputed is-
sues of material fact,
an Administrative Law
Judge, may not grant
summary decision unless
there is an express waiver
of hearing. 43 CFR 4.588_
IMMINENT DANGER
1. The statutory definition of
"imminent danger" (sec-
tion 3(j) of the Act) must
be read in its entirety
without picking out indi-
vidual words or phrases
and also must be con-
strued in conjunction with
section 104(a) of the Act
providing for the issuance
of imminent danger
orders...
2. An "imminent danger" ex-
ists when the condition or
practice observed could
reasonably be expected to
cause death or serious
physical harm to a miner
if normal mining opera-
tions were permitted to
proceed in the affected
FEDERAL COAL MINE HEALTH
AND SAFETY ACT OF 1969-Con.
IMMINENT DANGER-Con.
area of the coal mine
before the dangerous con-
dition is eliminated; thus,
the dangerous condition
cannot be divorced from
the normal work activity.
3. An "imminent danger" exists
where the cited condition
or practice would war-
rant the conclusion by
a reasonable man that,
at the time of issuance,
a proximate peril to life
or limb existed and that,
if normal operations to
extract coal continued,
a serious accident or
disaster would be likely
to occur before abate-
ment...
4. Where an inspector observes
accumulations
coal dust throughout an
area approximately 7200
feet in length in a coal
mine with a history of
unpredictable releases of
methane and at least
one prior dust explosion,
he is warranted in issuing
an imminent danger with-
drawal order____
Proximate Peril
1. A proximate peril to life
or limb exists where a
reasonable man would
conclude that the facts
indicate an impending ac-
cident or disaster, threat-
ening to kill or to cause
serious physical harm,
likely to occur at any
moment, but not neces-
sarily immediately..........
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