Slovenska rudarska poročila iz rudišča Belščica v Karavankah s preloma 18. in 19. stoletja za Sigismonda (Žiga) Zoisa.: Diplomatični in kritični prepis, interpretacija v sodobni slovenščini in komentar poročil o delovanju rudnika Žirovnica, ki sta jih med letoma 1797 in 1805 pisala rudarska nadzornika Lukas in Vincenc Polc; v Dodatku Geslovnik s komentarjem

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Založba ZRC, 1. dec. 2015 - 510 strani

Delo je monografsko zasnovana, interdisciplinarna, znanstvena jezikovno-zgodovinsko-geološko-montanistična obravnava poročil, ki sta jih med letoma 1788 in 1816 pisala rudarska nadzornika, Gorenjca, jeseniška domačina, lastniku rudišč pod Belščico v Karavankah, mecenu slovenske razsvetljenske misli, baronu Sigismondu (Žigi) Zoisu. Slovenska rudarska poročila so obsežen korpus 483-ih rokopisnih listov in so v tej knjigi prvič obravnavana v izboru 116-ih poročil iz rudišča Belščica od maja 1797 do avgusta 1805, in sicer zato, ker opisujejo rudnik Žirovnica od odprtja do dokončnega zaprtja. V spremnem besedilu  avtor okvirno oriše razmere v družbi in gospodarstvu na prelomu 18. in 19. stoletja. Problematika je predstavljena tako, da jo bo lahko kritično proučil strokovnjak geolog in mineralog, rudar, ekonomist, slovenist in nenazadnje zgodovinar. Različni profili utegnejo izvesti s študijem komentiranega gradiva pomembna nova dognanja o tedanjem času. 

 

Poročila so odkritje tako v jezikovnem pogledu, ko lahko jezik rudarjev primerjamo s sočasnim Linhartovim, kot tudi v montanistično-geološko-mineraloškem pogledu. Govorijo o organizaciji dela v Zoisovih karavanških rudnikih, o načinih merjenj in kopanj, o številu rudarjev, o dolžini izkopanih rovov, o kamninah in rudninah, na katere so naleteli. Poročajo o dramatičnih dogodkih v rudniku: o vdorih vode, presenetljivo pogosto o požarih in eksplozijah in imajo izjemno zgodovinsko in montanistično vrednost, saj omogočajo vpogled v stanje stroke pred dvema stoletjema.

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Until the end of the 18th century, there were hardly any writings in Slovene for other than administrative or liturgical purposes. However, the author of this book (‘Slovenian Mining Reports from the Ore Deposits of Mt. Belščica in the Karavanke Mountains at the Turn of the 18th and 19th Centuries for Sigismondo (Žiga) Zois’) found in the Archives of the Republic of Slovenia 482 pages of manuscript Slovenian mining reports from the ore deposits of valley Lipene and Mt. Belščica on the southern side of the western Karavanke mountains, above the city of Jesenice. The reports were written between 1788 and 1816, by the mining supervisor Lukas Polc and senior mining supervisor Vincenc Polc. Until 1788 and after 1816, such reports were written in German. Obviously, the Reports were written in the Slovenian language at the behest of the owner of these mines, the renown Italian-Slovenian enlightened mentor and patron, Freiherr Sigismondo Zois von Edelstein (Žiga Zois), who lived in Carniola, mainly at Brdo pri Kranju and in Ljubljana.

This book presents 108 reports depicting the Žirovnica mine at the ore deposits of Mt. Belščica from its opening in May 1797 until its closing in August 1805. In other words, it acquaints the reader with the precise and exhaustive “curriculum vitae” of a European mine at the turn of the 18th and the 19th centuries. The presentation is made complete with the addition of the most interesting passages from reports on mines in the immediate vicinity. Given the manifold importance of these manuscripts for Slovenian history, this book required interdisciplinary approach. In the openingForeword, each field is therefore dedicated a special chapter.

The source is of particular interest to linguists. At first, a diplomatic transcription was required of the source, which was still written in the Bohorič alphabet (with the writing of Slovenian fricatives č, ž, š adapted 1584 to the German script by Adam Bohorič) and orthographically inconsistent. On this basis it was possible to produce an orthographically consistent (punctuation, majuscules), so-called critical transcription in the modern Gaj’s Latin alphabet (with fricatives č, ž, š). Such a form of writing is important for Slovenian linguists, by enabling the identification of the dialectal peculiarities as well as written or spoken sources of the speaker’s language. For other modern readers, however, such a record still remains largely incomprehensible, as the mining, geological and mineralogical terminology is used in correct or altered German form, in dialectal Slovene, or it is no longer in use today. For this reason, a third version is added to critical transcription: a transcription of the source using modern technical terminology, which the author named interpretation. The critical transcription and interpretation in the book are set on facing pages, allowing the reader to compare the two versions at one glance. The research path and sources for interpretation are described and listed in the appended Glossary.

Reports also constitute valuable material for geologists, as the Žirovnica mine encompassed 315 metres of horizontal and vertical polygon in an area that is still under-researched due to tectonically faulted and broken rock layers. On the basis of the Reports it is possible to conclude that the mine site, i.e. the lower part of the southern slopes of Mt. Belščica and Mt. Stol, is situated in the slip and arbitrarily mixed mineral layers and ore-bearing suites, and the mentions of gases testify to the presence of bituminous rocks.

Mining engineers will find in the Reports a most accurate possible description of the mine in the late 18th century. They depict its structure, as well as its work methods and organisation, and facilities. They provide the first descriptions of mining accidents in the Slovenian territory caused by water ingresses and gas explosions; such descriptions are rare, probably also in the wider European area. The main conclusion is that the ore in the above-described conditions was sought blindly: the history of the Žirovnica mine describes the eight years of unsuccessful explorations, and as evident from the additional material, this was not the only such case.

 

Vsebina

POMEN IN KOMENTARPOROČIL
9
Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Lukas Polc Vincenc ...
13
Poročila 17971805
15
Jezik Poročil
23
Poročilih
30
Zoisovih karavanških rudnikih
38
Geologija rudišča Belščica v Poročilih
47
Vincenc Polc Vincenc Polc Vincenc Polc Vincenc Polc 1803 1804 1805 1806
53
Izpis omemb vdorov vode v rudnike rudišča Belščica v letih 17971805
64
POROČILA Lukas Polc in Vincenc Polc med letoma 1797 in 1805
77
GESLOVNIK
427
Vincenc Polc Georg Polc Vincenc Polc Vincenc Polc Vincenc Polc 1808 1809 1810 1811
456
Viri
482
Strokovni sodelavci
489
Vincenc Polc 1812
490
Avtorske pravice

Rudnik Žirovnica
57

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