The first recorded production of this material in the State was in the year 1890. Production, showing annual amount and value, to date since that time is given herewith:

Reference: State Mineralogist Reports VI, XII, XIII. U. S. G. S.,

Water Supply, Paper 338.

A widespread production of mineral water is shown by the following table for 1914. These figures refer to mineral water actually bottled and sold. Water from some of the springs having a decided medicinal value brings a price many times higher than the average shown, while in some cases the water is used merely for drinking purposes and sells for a nominal figure.

Amount and value of mineral water produced in California since

Pumice.

Reference: State Mineralogist Report XII (see Tufa). Bulletin 38.

Pumice, or volcanic ash, is of common occurrence in California, particularly in the Sierra Nevada mountains; and almost any demand for this substance in any form or quality could be readily met. During 1914 a production of 50 tons is reported, from Madera County, valued at $1,000. Probably the future will show a considerable increase in the use of this material in building operations, owing to its extreme lightness.

Pyrite.

Reference: Bulletin 38.

Pyrite is extensively mined in several places, and used in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. The following figures show the production for 1914:

The total production in California to date is as follows:

This does not include the vast quantities of pyrite which are other

wise treated for their valuable metal contents.

Quartz.

Reference: Bulletin 67.

Quartz production in California during 1914 was as follows:

Reference: State Mineralogist Report IX. (See Glass.) Bulletin 38.

Practically all the glass sand produced in California occurs as such and needs no grinding. There are various deposits of quartz which could be utilized for glass making, but to date there is no commercial production of this class of material.

Glass sand has been produced in the following counties of the State: Alameda, Amador, El Dorado, Los Angeles, Monterey, Orange, Placer, Riverside, San Joaquin, and Tulare. The chief producing centers have been Monterey and Los Angeles counties, the outstanding feature for 1914 being the entrance of Amador to the list. The industry is of little importance, so far, because of the fact that the available deposits are not of a grade which will produce first-class glass. Many highgrade deposits are known, but almost without exception transportation facilities are so poor that the owners are unable to compete with the foreign sand which is brought in as ballast and sold at a low price. Production for 1914 was as follows:

Total glass sand production in California since the inception of the industry in 1899, is shown below.

Reference: State Mineralogist Report XII. Bulletins 38, 67. Soapstone also called talc or steatite-occurs widely distributed throughout California. It is found as a hydration product in the alteration of magnesian silicates, and is often associated with serpentine and actinolite. But few deposits have been proven of especial value to date, although there is an undoubted future for this branch of the mineral industry in the State. It is used in making paper, toilet articles, soap, lubricants, tiling, etc., and for such is ordinarily ground to about 200 mesh before marketing. In this condition it brings about $15 per ton.

The production of soapstone by counties during 1914 was as follows: