State and Local Innovations in Educations Choice: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations of the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth Congress, First Session, October 22, 1985U.S. Government Printing Office, 1986 - 463 strani |
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achievement administration allowed Amendment American attend basic benefits BW Associates child choice in education choose church church-related schools competition CONGRESS constitutional Constitutionality of Tuition Coons cost Daniel D decisions dropout educa education vouchers educational choice Educational Freedom elementary and secondary enrollment environment established family choice federal financing goals grades high school higher education Hispanic income increase institutions instruction learning legislation magnet schools MASA mastery learning ment Minnesota National nonpublic schools Nyquist opportunity organization parental choice participate percent postsecondary PRINCE GEORGE'S COUNTY private education private schools programs public and private public education public schools pupil reform religion religious Rudy Perpich school boards school districts secondary education secondary schools secular Senator DURENBERGER Sugarman Supreme Court tax deductions teachers teaching tion tuition tax credits tuition vouchers U.S. Supreme Court voucher plan voucher proposal voucher system Walz
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Stran 363 - The fundamental theory of liberty upon which all governments in this Union repose excludes any general power of the State to standardize its children by forcing them to accept instruction from public teachers only. The child is not the mere creature of the State; those who nurture him and direct his destiny have the right, coupled with the high duty, to recognize and prepare him for additional obligations.
Stran 306 - establishment of religion' clause of the First Amendment means at least this: Neither a state nor the Federal Government can set up a church. Neither can pass laws which aid one religion, aid all religions, or prefer one religion over another.
Stran 312 - First, the statute must have a secular legislative purpose; second, its principal or primary effect must be one that neither advances nor inhibits religion, Board of Education v. Allen, 392 US 236, 243 ( 1968) ; finally, the statute must not foster "an excessive government entanglement with religion.
Stran 307 - The First Amendment, however, does not say that in every and all respects there shall be a separation of Church and State. Rather, it studiously defines the manner, the specific ways, in which there shall be no concert or union or dependency one on the other. That is the common sense of the matter.
Stran 307 - When the state encourages religious instruction or cooperates with religious authorities by adjusting the schedule of public events to sectarian needs, it follows the best of our traditions.
Stran 307 - The test may be stated as follows: what are the purpose and the primary effect of the enactment? If either is the advancement or inhibition of religion then the enactment exceeds the scope of legislative power as circumscribed by the Constitution. That is to say that to withstand the strictures of the Establishment Clause there must be a secular legislative purpose and a primary effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion.
Stran 322 - The grant of a tax exemption is not sponsorship since the government does not transfer part of its revenue to churches but simply abstains from demanding that the church support the state.
Stran 385 - Laws for the encouragement of virtue and prevention of vice and immorality ought to be constantly kept in force, and duly executed; and a competent number of schools ought to be maintained in each town, for the convenient instruction of youth, and one or more grammar schools be incorporated, and properly supported, in each county in this state.
Stran 426 - The Court has repeatedly stressed that while parents have a constitutional right to send their children to private schools and a constitutional right to select private schools that offer specialized instruction, they have no constitutional right to provide their children with private school education unfettered by reasonable government regulation.
Stran 306 - No tax in any amount, large or small, can be levied to support any religious activities or institutions, whatever they may be called, or whatever form they may adopt to teach or practice religion.