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LICK ASTRONOMICAL DEPARTMENT

(LICK OBSERVATORY)

OFFICERS OF THE OBSERVATORY

BENJ. IDE WHEELER, Ph.D., LL.D., Litt.D., President of the University. WILLIAM W. CAMPBELL, Sc.D., LL.D., Director and Astronomer.

RICHARD H. TUCKER, C.E., Astronomer.

ROBERT G. AITKEN, M.A., Sc.D., Astronomer.

WILLIAM H. WRIGHT, B.S., Astronomer.

HEBER D. CURTIS, Ph.D., Astronomer.

JOSEPH H. MOORE, Ph.D., Assistant Astronomer.

RALPH E. WILSON, Ph.D., Assistant Astronomer in charge of the D. O. Mills Expedition (at Santiago, Chile).

ROSCOE F. SANFORD, B.S., Mills Assistant Astronomer (at Santiago, Chile). ADELAIDE M. HOBE, B.S., Mills Assistant.

GEORGE F. PADDOCK, Ph.D., Assistant.

ARTHUR A. SCOTT, A.B., Mills Assistant (at Santiago, Chile).

WARREN K. GREEN, M.A., University Fellow.

CARRIE E. CASTLE, Secretary.

HISTORY OF THE LICK OBSERVATORY

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The Observatory was founded by James Lick, by a deed of trust dated September 21, 1875. This deed devotes the sum of $700,000 to "the purpose of purchasing land, and constructing and putting upon such land a powerful telescope, superior to and more powerful than any telescope yet made; and, also, a suitable observatory connected therewith." The deed further provides that "if, after the construction of said telescope and observatory, there shall remain of said $700,000 any surplus," the surplus shall be invested and that "the income thereof shall be devoted to the maintenance of said telescope and the observatory connected therewith, and shall be made useful in promoting science; and the said telescope and observatory are to be known as the Lick Astronomical Department of the University of California.” gift of Mr. Lick was accepted by the Regents December 7, 1875.

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The

LOCATION

Mr. Lick had already, in August, 1875, selected Mount Hamilton in Santa Clara County, as a site for the Observatory. Land for the site (1345.80 acres) was granted by Act of Congress in 1876. One hundred and ninety-one and forty-nine hundredths acres were granted to the University for the use of the Observatory in 1878. A tract of forty acres was added by gift of R. F. Morrow, Esq., in 1886. Three hundred and twenty acres were granted by the Legislature in 1888. A second Congressional grant, comprising 599.94 acres, was added in 1892. The Regents of the University purchased forty acres additional in 1901, 240 acres in 1904, and 125.42 acres in 1908. The total area is 2902.65 acres.

BUILDINGS AND INSTRUMENTS

The Observatory consists of a Main Building, containing computing rooms, library (of 8000 books and 5000 pamphlets), and the domes of the 36-inch Equatorial and the 12-inch Equatorial and of Detached Buildings, to shelter the Crossley Reflector, the Meridian Circle, the Transit, the portable Equatorial, the Crocker, and the Floyd Photographic Telescopes. A fireproof building was completed in 1909. It contains vaults for the storage of astronomical negatives, observations and other records of value, and instruments temporarily not in use; together with photographic darkrooms and photographic and spectrographic laboratories. On the grounds are dwelling-houses for the astronomers, students, and employees, and shops for the workmen. The Observatory is well provided with instruments, some of which are enumerated below:

36-inch Equatorial; objective by Alvan Clark & Sons, mounting by Warner & Swasey. This instrument has also a photographic corrector of 33-inch aperture, figured by Mr. Alvan G. Clark.

3-foot Reflecting Telescope; presented to the Lick Observatory in 1895 by Edward Crossley, Esq., of Halifax, England. The large mirror of this instrument is by Sir Howard Grubb. An entirely new mounting has been constructed. The building was erected from funds subscribed by citizens of California.

12-inch Equatorial; by Alvan Clark & Sons.

6-inch Meridian Circle; objective by Alvan Clark & Sons; mounted by Repsold.

61⁄2-inch Equatorial Mounting; by Warner & Swasey.

61⁄2-inch Bruce Comet Seeker; objective by Brashear, mounting made at the Lick Observatory.

6-inch Crocker Photographic Telescope; objective by Willard, refigured by J. A. Brashear, who provided the mounting also.

5-inch Floyd Telescope; presented by Mrs. Peter Gopcevic (née Miss H. A. L. Floyd); interchangeable photographic and visual objective by Alvan Clark & Sons.

A Spectroscope, especially adapted for photography; given by Hon. D. O. Mills, for use with the 36-inch Refractor.

A Spectroscope, especially adapted for photography with the Crossley Reflector, and two Photometers for use with the 36-inch and 12-inch telescopes, provided from the proceeds of a gift from the late Miss C. W. Bruce, of New York City.

A 361⁄2-inch Cassegrain Reflecting Telescope, with modern dome and a 3-prism spectrograph, the gift of Hon. D. O. Mills, for use on an astronomical expedition to the southern hemisphere. This expedition is now at work, on the summit of San Cristobal, in the northeast suburbs of Santiago, Chile.

A Wiechert Horizontal Seismograph and a Wiechert Vertical Seismograph, with break circuit clock and subsidiary apparatus, the gift of Hon. W. R. Hearst.

There are, besides, several smaller telescopes and many minor pieces of apparatus.

UNIVERSITY FELLOWSHIPS

The Regents have established in the Lick Astronomical Department three salaried fellowships. These usually permit the holders to pursue studies and undertake investigations in fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. It is essential that each successful applicant shall be a graduate of a college or university of high standing, and shall have decided to make astronomy or one of the related sciences the basis of a professional career. Applications should be made in writing to the Director of the Lick Observatory.

MARTIN KELLOGG FELLOWSHIP

A fellowship in the Lick Astronomical Department has been endowed by Mrs. Louise W. B. Kellogg in memory of her husband, Martin Kellogg, deceased, whose services to the University of California as Professor and President covered nearly half a century.

The purpose of the Martin Kellogg Fellowship is to provide opportunities for advanced instruction and for research to students who have already received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, or to members of the staffs of observatories. Preference will be given to qualified appli

cants who may desire to pursue formal studies or researches in the Lick Astronomical Department, or in the Lick and Berkeley Astronomical Departments, and to members of the Lick Astronomical Department who may desire to undertake work in another university or observatory; but it is possible that opportunities will arise to award this fellowship, in cases of special merit, without restrictions as to the places of residence of applicants and holders. The stipend per annum is variable in amount, and would aim to cover the necessary expenses of travel and residence. Applications, including outlines of proposed plans and estimates of necessary expenses, should be made in writing to the Director of the Lick Observatory.

SPECIAL ASSISTANTS

On the recommendation of the Director and with the approval of the President, persons with experience in astronomical investigation may occasionally be received at the Lick Observatory, to act as assistants in definite researches then in progress. These assistants, serving without pay, will be assigned to such duties as will be advantageous both to the Observatory and to themselves. Opportunity for making independent researches will be available only in exceptional cases.

SPECIAL INVESTIGATORS

It occasionally occurs that eminent investigators from other institu tions desire to utilize the exceptional advantages of the Lick Observatory, for the solution of special problems. Opportunity for such researches will be provided in case no interference with the regular programme of work would arise therefrom.

REGULATIONS REGARDING STUDENTS AT THE LICK

OBSERVATORY

At the Lick Observatory graduate instruction in astronomy is offered by the Director and the Astronomers, in connection with the investigations in which they are engaged, or which may be specially assigned to the students by the Director. Graduate instruction at the Lick Observatory is restricted, as a general rule, to students qualified to be on the footing of astronomical assistants. All undergraduate instruction in astronomy and such graduate instruction as is not carried on at the Lick Observatory is conducted at Berkeley.

Applicants for admission to the Lick Observatory must first qualify before the Academic Council as graduate students of the University. Applicants are advised to file their applications with the Recorder of the

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