Great throngs of people go to and from their homes and work.

To enable them to travel there are trolley lines and buses on the streets, subways under the streets, railways above the streets, great bridges over the rivers, ferries across the rivers, and tunnels under the rivers.

To-day New York City has a population of almost six millions.

This growth is astonishing, for in 1790 the population was a little less than fifty thousand.

Philadelphia

Next to New York, Philadelphia is the greatest manufacturing city in the country.

It is near the great coal and iron fields in Pennsylvania. Cars, machinery, and steel ships are manufactured. It has many woolen and carpet mills, and much clothing is made.

Railways extend from Philadelphia to all points.

Being located on the Delaware River, it can easily be reached by sea-going vessels. Thus it has become a great shipping center for coal and manufactured articles.

Philadelphia was founded by William Penn and his Quaker followers. It is often called the "City of Brotherly Love."

You may see here the famous Independence Hall, and the old Liberty Bell which told of the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

Boston

Boston, Massachusetts, is the most important city in New England. It is the largest and wealthiest. Boston has a fine harbor.

Next to New York City, it is the most important seaport on the Atlantic coast.

Great quantities of raw materials are received in Boston to be sent to factories throughout New England. Finished goods are shipped all over the world.

There are many fine colleges in Boston. Only a few miles away is Harvard University, the oldest college in the United States.

Boston is well known in history.

It was here that the Boston Tea Party and the Battle of Bunker Hill took place.

It was from Boston that Paul Revere received the signal which started him on his famous ride in 1775.

Baltimore

Baltimore, Maryland, is near the head of Chesapeake

Bay.

It has a good harbor and is connected with the interior of the country by railroads. It has, therefore, become one of the leading commercial cities of the country.

Clothing, metal goods, and goods made from tobacco are manufactured in Baltimore.

The population of Baltimore is almost one-half that of Maryland.

Pittsburgh

Pittsburgh is in western Pennsylvania.

It is situated at the junction of two rivers.

It is also within easy reach of the great coal fields of Pennsylvania and West Virginia.

From the region around Lake Superior come thousands of tons of iron ore.

This has resulted in Pittsburgh becoming the leading city in our country in the manufacture of iron and steel.

Washington

The city of Washington is the capital of the United States. It is in the District of Columbia, and is one of the finest cities in the world.

The President and his Cabinet live in Washington.

Members of Congress, foreign ambassadors and representatives, and many government workers also live there. Washington has many fine public buildings where the business of our government is carried on.

The capitol building, near the center of the city, is one of the largest and most important government buildings in the world.

Another important building is the White House, the home of the President.

Washington has many thousand visitors each year who take great pleasure in seeing the city, its parks, and drives, and in visiting its public buildings.

If you ever have the opportunity to visit Washington do not fail to do so.

The knowledge gained on such a trip makes it well worth while.

Questions and Topics for Discussion

Why are there more cities and large towns in the Northeast than elsewhere?

What is the largest city in the United States?

Where is it located? What are its other advantages?

How have these advantages affected the growth of the city?
What is manufactured in New York?

Tell about the increase in population in New York.

Why has Philadelphia become a great manufacturing city?
What is manufactured there?

By whom was Philadelphia founded?

What famous paper was signed in Philadelphia?

What is the most important city in New England?
What kind of a harbor has Boston?

Why is Boston well known in history?

Describe Baltimore.

What does Pittsburgh lead in the manufacture of? Why?
Why has Washington become a large and well-known city?
Name some of the government buildings of Washington.
Why do so many people visit Washington each year?

LESSON IX

THE SOUTHERN SECTION

We will pass from the Northeastern Section of the country to the Southern Section.

We go from a region of rocky hills and many lakes to one which is, for the most part, nearly level, except where the Appalachian system crosses it in the east.