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will be given in this course, which will also contain lectures on the general theory of organic development as illustrated by the doctrine of the descent of man. I.; lecture, M., W., F.; 4; laboratory, 7 periods; arrange time; (5). Assistant Professor SMITH and Mr. MCCLELLAN.

Required: The same as for Zoology 1.

3. VERTEBRATE EMBRYCLOGY.-This course begins with a study of the sex cells and a discussion of theories of heredity, followed by a consideration of the early stages in the development of the egg. The formation of the vertebrate body is then studied in the amphibian, the chick, and the pig. Instruction is given in the preparation of embryological material and in graphic reconstruction from serial sections. II.; 3, 4; (5). Mr. MCCLELLAN.

Required: Zoölogy 2. [Not offered in 1902-03.]

4. ADVANCED ZOOLOGY.-Under this head is offered an opportunity for individual advanced work for one or two semesters along lines to be selected in consultation with the instructor. It may include field and systematic zoölogy, or a laboratory course in mammalian anatomy, but is otherwise essentially a research course for students specializing in zoölogy. One semester of this course will be required of all intending to graduate with a zoological thesis. If five or more students offer for the same work under this head they will receive class instruction, but otherwise students in this course will commonly be assembled as a class only for seminary work. From those taking this course selection of student assistants for the zoological laboratories will commonly be made, credit being given on the course for such assistance according to the recommendation of the head of the department, subject to the approval of the college faculty. I., II.; arrange time; (5). Assistant Professor SMITH. Required: Zoölogy 1, 2.

5. ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY.-(See Entomology 1.)
6. GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY.-(See Entomology 2, 3.)

7. PRACTICAL ENTOMOLOGY.-(See Entomology 4.)

8. THESIS INVESTIGATION.-Candidates for graduation in the College of Science who select a zoological subject as a thesis are required to spend three hours a day during their senior year in making a detailed investigation of the selected topics. While this work is done under the general supervision of an instructor, it is in its methods and responsibilities essentially original work. I., II.; arrange time; (5). Professor FORBES and Assistant Professor SMITH.

Required: Two years in zoological courses, including one semester of Zoology 4

9. TEACHERS' COURSE IN ZOOLOGY.-This course is offered especially to prospective teachers of zoology in high schools or colleges. It will include a review of such parts of their earlier work as are most closely related to their prospective teaching, the subject being studied now from the standpoint of the teacher rather than that of the student merely. Additional work in the field, laboratory, and library will be given to enlarge the scope of the student's knowledge and to give practice in methods most likely to be useful to him. The management of excursions, the collection and preparation of material, the selection, assignment, and management of subjects for individual study, and the determination, and study of the animal forms of a restricted locality, are examples of this work. High school course of zoological study will be collected, compared, and criticised, and methods of management and instruction in secondary schools will be compared and discussed with reference to general pedagogical theory and to the special ends of the teacher of zoölogy. Those taking the lectures only will receive a three-hour credit; those taking the field and laboratory work without the lectures will receive a two-hour credit. II.; 6, 7; (5). Professor FORBES.

Required: Zoology I; also Zoölogy 2, or Entomology 2, or Entomology 3.

10. INTRODUCTory Zoölcgy.—This is a field, laboratory, and lecture course, mainly on the morphology, physiology, and oecology of type forms, and on the more obvious features of cytology and development. The work is so directed as to lead to an acquaintance with the simpler generalizations of zoological theory, and is intended especially as a preparation for the more extensive and thorough work of courses 1 and 2. Students who present an entrance credit in zoology or biology may take as a fractional course those parts of this work not covered in their previous study. I.; 1, 2; (5). Assistant Professor SMITH and Mr. MCCLELLAN.

II. GENERAL ZOÖLOGY.—This course is especially designed for students in the College of Literature and Arts who do not intend taking more than one year's work in zoology. The chief aim will be to give such facts and generalizations of zoölogical and biological science as are of the largest general interest and concern, and can be made intelligible in a brief course. The laboratory work will be planned to serve as a partial basis for lectures and reference reading on facts and theories of organic evolution with the related topics of

variation and heredity. This course is not adapted to serve as an introductory course in zoology nor as a preparation for teaching. I., II.; M., W.; 6, 7; (2). Assistant Professor SMITH and Mr. MCCLELLAN.

Required: At least one year of University work.

12. STATISTICAL ZOOLOGY.-This course is offered for students taking Mathematics 26. It includes lectures and reference reading on the application of statistical methods to biological problems. The history of the development of this mode of biological investigation, the nature of the problems to which it is applicable and some of the results already obtained in the study of variations, heredity, distribution and phylogeny will be among the topics considered. Students taking this course, together with Mathematics 26b, will ordinarily use for the problems of the latter course, zoölogical data that have been obtained either by their own observations or from other sources. If desired the combined credits of this course and Mathematics 26 may be counted as 5 credits either in zoology or in mathematics. II.; F.; 7; (1 or 5). Assistant Professor SMITH.

Required: Mathematics 2, 4, 6, 8a, and at least ten hours of University work in Zoology or in Zoology and Entomology.

COURSES FOR GRADUATES

ΙΟΙ. PLANKTON ZOOLOGY.-Under this head instruction and practice will be given in modern methods of studying minute forms of aquatic life with the aid of a plankton apparatus and laboratory equipment. This work will include both a qualitative and a quantitative investigation of the minute zoological contents of a selected body of water, carried on systematically through a considerable period, and the generalization of the results of such study by the methods peculiar to the planktologist.

102. FRESH-WATER ICHTHYOLOGY.-The large collections of fishes belonging to the University and the State Laboratory of Natural History, together with the ichthyological library of the latter, will be open to students who wish to become acquainted with the ichthyology of a fresh-water situation. Both qualitative and quantitative studies of the fishes of a selected body of water will be made, and papers will be written presenting the results of personal studies in this field.

103. FRESH-WATER AND TERRESTRIAL ANNELIDS.-This is an ap

plication of the methods of the zoölogical laboratory to the study of the annelid worms of the land and the inland waters of North America. The description of genera and species, practice in drawing for publication, and experimental work on the physiology and oeco!ogy of selected forms will be included in this course.

DEGREES

BACHELORS' DEGREES

The usual bachelors' degrees are conferred upon those who satisfactorily complete the courses of study described under the different colleges and schools. A candidate for a bachelor's degree must pass in the subjects marked prescribed in his chosen course, and must conform to the directions given in connection with that course in regard to electives. In the College of Literature and Arts, of Science, and of Agriculture, credit for 130 hours is required for graduation. In the College of Engineering, in the College of Law, and in the Schools of Music and Library Science the candidate must complete the course of study as laid down. The number of hours required includes five in military drill and tactics, and two in physical training, for men, and three in physical training for women. Men excused from the military requirements, and women who do not take courses in physical training, must elect in lieu thereof an equivalent number of hours in other subjects.

In all cases in which a thesis is required,* the subject must be announced not later than the first Monday in November, and the completed thesis must be submitted to the dean of the proper college by June 1st. The work must be done under the direction of the professor in whose department the subject naturally belongs, and must be in the line of the course of study for which a degree is expected. The thesis must be presented upon regulation paper, and will be deposited in the library of the University.

The degree of Bachelor of Arts is conferred on those *See requirements for graduation in the different colleges.

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