boys, 608; girls, 655. The number of names registered on the books of the public schools during the year, 970; average attendance, 494. The annual returns of the Census Marshals for 1856 are 1,276; for 1857, 1,630; for 1858, 1,623; for 1859, 1,684; for 1860, 2,109; for 1861, 2.474. In 1856, the lot corner of L and Sixth streets was purchased for $5,000, and a brick building (Franklin) erected thereon at a cost of from $15,000 to $20,000.

In 1862, a brick building 30 by 90 feet was erected on the Public Square, P and Tenth streets, for the use of Primary No. 4, and Intermediate No. 2. It cost about $2,500.

In 1864, a double lot was purchased on the corner of G and Seventh streets, at a cost of $1,609, and the "Union" building erected thereon in the winter of the same year, at a cost of about $12,000. An engraving and description of this building will be found in this report.

In February, 1866, a wooden building was erected on O street for the Colored School, costing $750; and in August of the same year a lot was purchased on the corner of M and Ninth streets, and a handsome one story wooden building erected for the New Primary School No. 7. Cost of lot, $1,200; of building and furniture, about $2,800.

In 1867, the new two story "Lincoln" building was erected on the school lot near Second street, on P. This spacious building accommodates Primary School No. 2, and the new Intermediate No. 4, and is an ornament to the city. Its cost, including furniture, and all extras, was $8,000.

Besides these several buildings, the Board of Education own for the use of the schools, a brick one story building on the alley between I and J, Fourth and Fifth streets; wooden buildings at the corner of G and Thirteenth (2 stories;) and corner of N and Sixteenth, one story. For the "ungraded" school, in the extreme eastern part of the city, a wooden building is rented.

The annual sums expended in Sacramento City for school purposes are: for 1856, $25,000; 1857, $25,992; 1858, $31,066; 1859, $29,185; 1860, $33,063; 1861, $26,500; 1862, $21,000; 1863, $24,498 50; 1864, $28,650 20; 1865, $34,459; 1866, $32,136 43. For 1867, they will be about the same as for 1866. The monthly pay roll for teachers in December, 1867, is $2,200. The teachers are paid for ten months in the year. The vacations are one month at the close of the summer term, and two weeks each at the end of the winter and spring terms.

The school census for 1865 gave the following result: white children between 4 and 18, 2,264; under 4. 1,118; colored, 92; Indian, 18; Chinese, 45; total under 18, 3,537; between 18 and 21, 134.

For 1866 the law required a return from between 5 and 15 years, the "Revised School Law" making these years the limit for drawing school money. The census was as follows: white children under 15, 3,372; colored, 99; Indian, 10; Mongolian, 38; total under 15, 3,519.

In 1867 there were of children under 15 years of age: white, 3,782; colored, 102; Indian, 14; Chinese, 45; total, 3,943.

The average number of pupils attending the public schools has been as follows, since 1863, no statistics being at hand prior to that year. In this year, the present grading principle was introduced: 1863, on the roll, 949-average attendance, 782; 1864, on the roll, 1,202-average attendance, 919; 1865, on the roll, 1,446-average attendance, 1,057; 1866, on the roll, 1,622-average attendance, 1,200; 1867, on the roll, 1,700-average attendance, about 1,300.

There are 15 schools in the city, viz: 1 High, under the charge of a Principal and assistant; 1 Grammar, under a Principal and four assistants; 4 Intermediate, under a Principal and assistant each; 7 Primaries, having a Principal and assistant each; 1 Colored, with a Principal and assistant; and an Ungraded, with a Principal only. The last named and the Colored are not graded.

The course of study in the Primaries and Intermediates occupies two years each; and in the Grammar and High, three each. All the schools are thus equal to ten grades of one year each. An additional one should be substituted between the Intermediate and Grammar, which will probably be done next year, by adding a fourth grade to the Grammar, or a third to the Intermediate.

The Board of Education now employ 32 teachers and assistants, at the following monthly compensations: Assistant in Colored School, $20; Assistants in Primaries, $35; Assistants in Intermediates, $45; Assistants in Grammar No. 1, $80, and Nos. 2, 3, and 4, $75 each; Assistant in High, $85; Principals of Primaries, $80; Principals of Intermediates, $85; Principals of Colored and Ungraded, $90; Principal of Grammar, $135; Principal of High, $150; total, $2,200 per month, or $22,000 per annum, the school year being 10 months.

The cost per pupil in 1866 (a fair average) was $10 95 per annum in the Primary Schools, $16 40 in the Intermediate, $29 60 in the Grammar, $36 83 in the Ungraded, $27 52 in the Colored, and $61 10 in the High. There are three terms in each year, the first commencing in May, the second in September, and the third in January.

The course of studies is substantially as follows:

In the Primary School, from A B C and mere oral instruction, through Willson's Second Reader, Sargent's Small Speller, Eaton's Primary Arithmetic, and Cornell's first steps in Geography. There is no practical arithmetic in this grade, but all pupils are to be furnished with slates for exercises in drawing, formation of letters, figures, etc. These schools are also supplied with full sets of outline maps, charts, and plenty of blackboards.

In the Intermediate department the course embraces Willson's Third Reader, Sargent's Standard Speller, Colburn's Mental Arithmetic to Section 8, Thomson's Practical to Complex Fractions, and Warren's Primary Geography. Writing, vocal music, and calisthenics, are attended to in all the schools.

In the Grammar department the pupil commences where the Intermediate left off, and the three years' course carries the pupil through Thomson's Practical and Higher Arithmetic; Greene's Grammar, with thorough attention to analysis and parsing, as well as composition-Layres' two works being used as helps in this last; McElligott's Manual; Warren's Intermediate Geography; Willson's Fourth Reader; Sargent's Standard Speller, (finished the first year;) Quackenbos' History of the United States; Hooker's Elementary Physiology; penmanship; declamation, etc.

In the High School the course of study is divided into junior, middle, and senior years, and embraces the following studies, on each of which the classes are subjected to a most rigid and thorough examination at the end of each school year: General history; algebra; Latin and Greek; rhetoric, and English composition; natural, mental, and moral philosophy; botany; geometry; physiology; physical geography; trigonome

try; surveying; astronomy; English literature; chemistry, and geology. In Latin, the pupil is taken through Cæsar, Virgil, and Cicero; and in Greek, Xenophon, and the Iliad. There are also classes in French and bookkeeping, but these studies are optional.

The schools of Sacramento are under the exclusive charge of a Board of Education, which as reconstructed by a law passed in 1862, consists of a City Superintendent and a Board of eight Directors, elected for two years. There are two Directors from each ward, one of whom is elected annually. The Board for 1867 was composed of the following gentle

men:

City Superintendent-Rev. William H. Hill.

Directors-First Ward-J. F. Crawford, J. F. Dreman. Second Ward -Paul Morrill, J. W. Avery. Third Ward-George R. Moore, David S. Ross. Fourth Ward-William E. Chamberlain, Paschal Coggins.

That for 1868, as follows:

City Superintendent-Rev. William H. Hill.

Directors-First Ward-Horace Adams, J. F. Crawford. Second Ward -Joseph Davis, J. W. Avery. Third Ward-Henry Miller, David S. Ross. Fourth Ward-F. A. Gibbs, Paschal Coggins.

UNION FREE SCHOOLHOUSE.

This fine building is situated on a lot 160 by 160 feet, corner of G and Seventh streets, and was erected during the winter of 1864-5. The corner stone was laid in November, and the building occupied on the 1st of the following March. It is of brick, two stories in height, with a basement for wood, etc., and also partially for a summer playground for the girls. The ground plan covers an area of 90 by 45 feet. The first story contains two schoolrooms, each 26 feet 10 inches by 42 feet 8 inches; two recitation or assistant's rooms, 14 by 28 feet 8 inches each; two anterooms about 14 by 16 feet each, and an open vestibule communicating with the latter. This story is occupied by a Primary and an Intermediate School, having accommodation for 300 children. The second story is for the High School, and contains a main room 44 by 50 feet, which is lighted from the rear by six windows, and from the front by four common windows, besides the large triplet window. All the windows in the building are arranged with pulleys and let down from the top, thus insuring perfect ventilation. The principal entrance to the main upper room is from the north side, through two anterooms, one each for boys and girls, and fitted for hats and bonnets. Near these are two others for the Principal and assistant, about 10 by 17 feet each. On the south side is a recitation room 25 by 17 feet, and a library 15 by 17 feet. Near the northeast corner is a flight of stairs leading to the girls' yard. The ceiling of the main room is 16 feet high, and is divided into 15 panels, formed by finishing the beams of the roof with mouldings and panel work. Where the beams intersect the surface, the work is enriched with carved rosettes. The whole ceiling is executed in wood and painted in two tints. The walls are crowned with a neat cornice in plaster, which finishes into the mouldings of the ceiling. The wainscotting is of redwood in its natural color, varnished. The doors are painted in neutral color of two tints. The entrance from the first story is by a flight of stairs 4 feet 6 inches wide.