Project of Declarations for the Consideration of the International Conference of Geneva, 1863.

Prepared by the Genevese Society of Public Utility.

[TRANSLATED]

ARTICLE 1. There shall be, in each of the contracting countries, a National Committee, whose duty shall consist in remedying, by all the means in its power, the inadequacy of the official sanitary service of the armies in active service. This Committee shall organize itself in the manner which may appear to it the most useful and expedient.

ARTICLE 2. Sections, unlimited in number, shall be founded, in order to second the Natioanl Committee. These shall be necessarily subordinate to the committee, to which alone shall belong the supreme direction.

ARTICLE 3. Every National Committee shall place itself in communication with the Government of its own country, and shall ascertain that its efforts of service will be accepted in case of war.

ARTICLE 4. In time of peace, the committees and their sections shall occupy themselves with improvements to be introduced in the military sanitary service, in the establishment of hospitals and ambulances, in the means of transports for the wounded, etc., and in pursuing the realization of these objects.

ARTICLE 5. The Committees and Sections of the different countries shall reassemble in International Congresses, in order to communicate the result of their experience, and to concert together on the measures to be taken in the interests of the work.

ARTICLE 6. - In the month of January every year, the National Committees shall present a report of their labors during the past year, adding to it such communications as they may consider useful to be brought to the knowledge of the committees of other countries. The exchange of these communications and reports shall be managed through the medium of the Geneva Committee, to whom they shall be addressed.

ARTICLE 7. — In case of war, the Committee of the belligerent nations shall furnish the necessary aid to their respective armies, and, in particular, shall provide for the formation and organization of corps of volunteer nurses. They shall solicit the support of the committees belonging to neutral nations.

ARTICLE 8. - The volunteer nurses shall bind themselves to serve during a limited time, and not to meddle in any way in the operations of

war. They shall be employed, according to their wish, in feld service or in that of nospitals. Females will necessary te assigned to the latter. ARTICLE 9. The volunteer nurses shall wear a uniform in all conntries, or an identical distinctive alge. Their person shall be sacred, and military chiefs sna.. afford them protection. At the commencement of a campaign, the solliers of bot armies shall be informed of the existence of these corps, and of their exclusively benevolent character.

ARTICLE 10.—The corps of nurses or volunteer helpers shall march in the rear of armies, to which they shall not cause any embarrassment, nor occasion any expense. They shall have their own means of carriage, victuals and medical stores of all kinds.

International Conference of Genera, October 29, 1863.

Resolutions and Recommendations Then Adopted.
[TRANSLATED]

The international conference, anxious to come to the aid of the wounded in cases where the services of the military sanitation service should be insufficient, adopts the following resolutions:

ARTICLE 1.— There exists in each country a Committee whose object is to cooperate in time of war, if required, by all means in its power in the sanitary service of the armies.

This Committee is organized in the manner which appears to it the most useful and suitable.

ARTICLE 2. Unlimited sub-committees may be formed, under its direction, to assist this committee.

ARTICLE 3. Each Committee must be recognized by the government of its own country in order to be recognized and its offers of help accepted.

ARTICLE 4. In time of peace the object of the Committee and subcommittees shall be the means of becoming truly efficient in time of war, especially in preparing materials of all kind, and in instructing voluntary

nurses.

ARTICLE 5. In time of war the Committees of belligerent nations. furnish help in the measure of their resources, to their respective armies; and in particular organize and put on an active basis the voluntary nurses, and arrange sites for the establishment of hospitals, with the sanction of the military authority.

They may solicit the assistance of Committees belonging to neutral nations.

ARTICLE 6. On appeal, or with the sanction of military authority, the Committees may send voluntary nurses to the field of battle. These are put under the direction of military chiefs.

ARTICLE 7. Voluntary nurses on active duty in time of war must be provided with everything necessary for their maintenance by their respective Committees.

ARTICLE 8. They wear, in all countries, as a distinctive badge, a white brassard with a Red Cross.

ARTICLE 9. The Committees and Sub-Committees may assemble in International Congresses, to interchange their experiences and to concert on measures to be taken in the interest of the work.

ARTICLE 10. All communications between committees of diverse nations, for the time, is conducted through the Committee of Geneva.

INDEPENDENT OF THE RESOLUTIONS HEREINBEFORE CITED, THE CONFERENCE RECOMMENDS THE FOLLOWING:

(a) That the governments shall accord their high protection to the Committees which shall be formed, and will assist as much as possible the accomplishment and success of their object.

(b) That neutral rights shall be proclaimed, in time of war, by belligerent nations, for the ambulances, hospitals, and that it shall also be granted in the most complete manner for the official sanitary personnel, for volunteer nurses, and for the inhabitants of the country who give succor to the wounded and for the wounded themselves.

(c) That a uniform and distinctive sign shall be adopted by all sanitary corps of all armies, and to all persons attached to the service. of the army. That a uniform flag shall also be adopted, in all countries, for the hospitals and ambulances.

Project of Declaration for the Consideration of the International Congress of Geneva, 1864.

Prepared by the Swiss Delegation.

[TRANSLATED]

ARTICLE 1. Military hospitals and ambulances shall be declared neuter, and as such, protected and respected by the belligerents, as long as there shall be found there any sick or wounded persons.

ARTICLE 2. All the sanitary personnel, consisting of doctors, surgeons, pharmacists, nurses and stewards, and in general, all persons attached to the service of the hospitals and ambulances, shall be recognized as neutral.

ARTICLE 3. The persons hereunder indicated may, even after occupation by the enemy, continue to fulfill their functions in hospitals or ambulances with which they are connected as long as it shall seem necessary, after which they will retire from the field without being in any way hampered or molested.

ARTICLE 4. However, these persons may take with them only such property as belongs to them. All the materiel which shall have served for the installation of the ambulance or hospital shall be subject to the law of war.

ARTICLE 5. The inhabitants of the country who shall have transported or cared for the wounded on the field of battle shall be equally respected and absolutely free.

ARTICLE 6.Soldiers grievously wounded, either already in the hospitals and ambulances or carried from the field of battle, shall not only be cared for, independent of the nations to which they may belong, but shall not be made prisoners. They will be permitted to return to their own country on the condition that they shall not again bear arms during the compaign.

ARTICLE 7. To the soldiers mentioned in the preceding article shall be delivered a "safe conduct" and if necessary transportation expenses when after recovery they will have to leave the spot where they have been treated.

ARTICLE 8. Supplies necessary for the sick and the persons attached to the ambulance will be furnished by the occupying army, which will later be reimbursed for the amount in keeping with agreements previously entered into.

ARTICLE 9. A distinctive brassard and uniform shall be recognized for the officers and sanitary employees of all armies.

An identical flag shall be adopted in all countries for ambulances and military hospitals.

This brassard and flag shall be those that were adopted at the International Conference of Geneva in October 1863. (Red Cross on a white field.)

ARTICLE 10. Those who have not the right to wear the brassard and should do so for the purpose of spying, shall be punished with the extreme penalty of military law.

ARTICLE 11. Stipulations analogous to the ones preceding, relative to naval warfare, may constitute the object of an ulterior convention among interested powers.

[See also the following documents which have already appeared in the Supplements to the Journal:]

The Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Sick and Wounded of Armies in the Field. Concluded August 22, 1864. Vol. I (April 1907), p. 90.

Additional Articles of 1868. Vol. I (April 1907), p. 92.

Articles XV and XXI of the Convention with Respect to the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, July 29, 1899. Vol. I (April 1907), pp 140 and 142.

Convention for the Adaptation to Maritime Warfare of the Principles of the Geneva Convention of August 22, 1864. The Hague, July 29, 1899. Vol. I (April 1907), p. 159.

Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Sick and Wounded of Armies in the Field. Geneva, July 6, 1906. Vol. I (April 1907), p. 201.

Articles XV and XXI of the Convention with Respect to the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, October 18, 1907. Vol. II, pp. 103 and 105.

Convention for the Adaptation to Maritime Warfare of the Principles of the Geneva Convention. The Hague, October 18, 1907. Vol. II, p. 153.

TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND GREAT BRITAIN RESPECTING BOUNDARY WATERS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA.1

Signed January 11, 1909; Ratifications Exchanged May 5, 1910; Proclaimed May 13, 1910.

The United States of America and His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, being equally desirous to prevent disputes regarding the use of boundary waters and to settle all

1 U. S. Treaty Series, No. 548.