ARTICLE 2.

The stipulations of the present convention shall not be applicable to any of His Britannic Majesty's colonies, possessions, or protectorates beyond the seas, unless notice of accession shall have been given on behalf of any such colony, possession, or protectorate by His Britannic Majesty's representative at Cettinje before the expiration of one year from the date of the exchange of the ratifications of the present convention.

Nevertheless, the produce of the soil or industry of any of His Britannic Majesty's colonies, possessions, and protectorates shall enjoy in Montenegro complete and unconditional most-favoured-nation treatment, so long as such colony, possession, or protectorate, shall accord to the produce of the soil or industry of Montenegro treatment as favourable as that accorded to the produce of the soil or industry of any other foreign country.

ARTICLE 3.

The present convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Cettinje as soon as possible. It shall come into force immediately upon ratification, and shall be binding during ten years from the day of its coming into force. In case neither of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other, twelve months before the expiration of the said period of ten years of its intention to terminate it, it shall remain in force until the expiration of one year from the day on which either of the high contracting parties shall have denounced it.

As regards, however, the British colonies, possessions, and protectorates which may have acceded to the present convention in virtue of the provisions of Article 2, either of the high contracting parties shall have the right to terminate it separately at any time on giving twelve months' notice to that effect.

It is understood that the stipulations of the present and of the preceding article referring to British colonies, possessions, or protectorates apply also to the Island of Cyprus.

In witness whereof the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the present convention, and have affixed thereto their seals.

Done in duplicate at Cettinje the 29th December, 1909.

11th January, 1910.

CONVENTION WITH RESPECT TO THE INTERNATIONAL CIRCULATION OF MOTOR VEHICLES.1

Signed at Paris, October 11, 1909.

[TRANSLATION]

The undersigned plenipotentiaries of the governments hereinafter specified, assembled in conference at Paris from the 5th to the 11th October, 1909, with a view of facilitating, as far as possible, the international circulation of motor vehicles, have concluded the following convention:

ARTICLE 1.

Conditions to be fulfilled by motor-cars in order to be allowed to be driven on the highway.

Every motor-car, in order to be allowed to be driven on the highway, in a foreign country, must either have been recognized as suitable for use on the highway after an examination before the competent authority or before an association authorized by that authority, or must belong to a type approved in the same manner.

The examination must be directed specially to the following points:

(1) The machinery must be such as can be trusted to work efficiently, and must be so designed as to prevent, as far as possible, all danger of fire or explosion; as not to frighten by its noise animals, whether ridden or driven; and as not to give rise to any other cause of danger to traffic or seriously to inconvenience by the emission of smoke or vapor any persons using the road.

(2) The motor-car must be provided with the following:

(A) A strong steering apparatus, which will allow the car to be turned readily and with certainty.

(B) Two brakes, each independent of the other and adequate for its purpose. One at least of these brakes must be capable of acting rapidly and directly upon the wheels or upon brake-drums immovably fixed

thereto.

(C) A mechanism which is capable of preventing even on steep gradients any backward movement, if one of the brakes is not of itself sufficient for the purpose.

Every motor-car whose weight unladen exceeds 350 kilogrammes must

1 Great Britain, Treaty Series, No. 18, 1910.

be so constructed that the driver can, from his seat, reverse the movement of the car by means of the driving power.

(3) All the driving and steering apparatus must be so arranged that the driver can manipulate it with certainty and at the same time have a clear view of the road.

(4) Every motor-car must be provided with plates showing the name of the manufacturer of the chassis and the manufacturer's number, the horse-power of the engine or the number and bore of its cylinders, and also the weight of the car unladen.

ARTICLE 2.

Conditions to be fulfilled by drivers of motor-cars.

The driver of a motor-car must possess qualifications which provide a sufficient guarantee of public safety.

In so far as the driving of motor-cars in foreign countries is concerned, no one may drive a motor-car without having received for that purpose an authorization given by a competent authority or by an association authorized by that authority after having shown himself on examination to be competent.

Such an authorization must not be given to a person less than 18 years

Issue and recognition of international travelling passes.

In order to secure as regards the driving of motor-cars in foreign countries that the conditions mentioned in Articles 1 and 2 are fulfilled, international travelling passes drawn up in the form and giving the particulars hereto annexed (Annexes A and B) shall be issued.

The

These passes shall be valid for one year from the date of issue. manuscript entries therein shall always be written in Latin characters or in ordinary English handwriting.

International travelling passes issued by the authorities of one of the contracting states or issued by an association authorized by these authorities and countersigned by the authority, shall give full right to the driving of motor-cars in the countries of all the other contracting states, and shall be accepted as valid in these countries without a fresh examination of the motor-cars.

International travelling passes may be refused as not valid:

(1) If it is evident that the conditions under which they have been issued in accordance with the principles set out in Articles 1 and 2 are no longer fulfilled.

(2) If the nationality of the owner or the driver of the motor-car is not that of one of the contracting states.

ARTICLE 4.

Arrangement of identification marks on motor-cars.

No motor-car shall be allowed to pass from one country into another unless it carries, fixed in a visible position on the back of the car, in addition to the number plate of its own nationality, a distinctive plate displaying letters indicating that nationality. The size of this plate and the method and size of the lettering are prescribed in a note appended to the present convention (Annex C).

ARTICLE 5

Warning Mechanisms.

Every motor-car must be provided with a horn, sounding a deep note, to give warning. Beyond the limits of towns or villages it is permissible, in addition, to make use of such other warning mechanisms as are in conformity with the rules and customs of the country.

Every motor-car must, on the approach of dusk, be provided with two lamps in front and a light behind; the latter must be such as will make the symbols on the plates legible. The lamps must light up the road for a sufficient distance in front of the car, but the use of dazzling lights is in all instances prohibited in towns.

ARTICLE 6.

Special provisions with regard to motor-cycles.

The provisions of this convention apply to motor-tricycles and motorbicycles, subject to the following modifications:

(1) The machinery intended to prevent a car from slipping backwards referred to in paragraph (C) of sub-division (2) of Article 1 is not required, nor is the reversing gear.

(2) The means of lighting need be no more than a single lamp, placed in front of the motor-tricycle or motor-bicycle.

(3) The distinctive nationality plate of motor-cycles shall measure only 18 centimetres in width and 12 centimetres in height. The letters shall measure 8 centimetres in height, the breadth of each line being 10 millimetres.

(4) The horn of motor-tricycles and motor-bicycles shall sound a high

note.

ARTICLE 7.

Meeting and passing of vehicles.

When meeting or passing other vehicles, drivers of motor-cars must conform strictly to the custom of the particular locality.

ARTICLE 8.

Provision of notice-boards on the highway.

Each of the contracting states undertakes to see, within the limits of its authority, that no notices directing attention to dangerous places shall be put up on roads other than the notices of which the representation is given in an annex to this convention (Annex D).

Nevertheless, the governments of the contracting states may agree in common to modify this system of notices. There would be advantage. in adding to this system of notices a notice directing attention to a custom-house and ordering a halt, and also another notice directing attention to a toll-house or an office for the collection of town dues.

The governments will also look to the observance of the following principles:

(1) That there is, as a general rule, no need for notice-boards directing attention to obstacles situated within towns or villages.

(2) That notice-boards should be placed about 250 metres from the point to which attention is to be directed, unless the local conditions are unsuitable. When the distance from the notice to the obstacle is very markedly more or less than 250 metres, special arrangements shall be made.

(3) The position of the notice-boards, in relation with the road, must be vertical.

ARTICLE 9.

General provisions.

The driver of a motor-car, in a country shall conform to the laws and regulations concerning traffic on the highway that are in force in the said country.

An abstract of these laws and regulations may be presented to the motorist, on his entering a country, by the office at which he undergoes the customs examination.