the Ashburnhams have lived at Ashburnham William, his eldest son, who was Deemster with his since the Conquest, it would be interesting to know how far back their records carry the name of Place attached to their country house. The peerage refers to Penshurst Place, but I remember when there remarking that the country folk always called it a castle, and rightly so, as there was a distinct license to embattle in, I think, the fourteenth century. SHERBORNE. father, succeeded to the estate in 1535, but died four also Deemster......Ewan, the fourth in descent from William, changed his name from MacCristen to years afterwards. William's second son Robert was In 1605, when only twenty-six years old, he was Christian. He succeeded to the property in 1593. made Deemster, and held that office fifty-one years. He was also Deputy Governor of Peel His sister Jane married Thomas Samsbury, of Castle, and the most influential man in the island. Ronaldsway, and died sp. He purchased that estate from her trustees, and presented it, in 1643, In Charles Eye's plan of Liverpool, dated Dhone.' John, his eldest son, who died before him, to his third son, William, the famous "Illiam 1785, there are two places, viz., Shaw Place, was Assistant - Deemster. His eldest daughter, apparently a portion of the street between Mabel, born in 1599, was John Curghey of BallaWhitechapel and what is now the old Hay-killingan's second wife. Ewan, John Curghey's market; and Duke's Place, that portion of the street facing Duke's Dock. I would also call the attention of DR. MURRAY to a passage in Leland's 'Itinerary,' vol. vii. p. 133 (Oxford, 1744), in reference to the town "cawled Bellirica, as who should say in Latine Bellocastrum, and that the new name of Court-up-streate began by reason of the Place or Court that the Lord of the Soyle kept there." The sense here is rather involved, but it seems to me it may have meant Place" in a topographical sense. 66 A. H. ARKLE. The Gentleman's and Citizen's Almanac' for 1779 gives a list of the Dublin streets, which includes Ely Place, Harcourt Place, and Kildare Place. Portland Place, Rathbone Place, and Grosvenor Place, as well as some others, are marked in A New and Accurate Plan of London,' &c., published by Laurie & Whittle on 12 May, 1796. H. J. B. CLEMENTS. Killadoon, Celbridge. CHRISTIAN OF MILNTOWN (10th S. v. 209). A full and interesting account of this old Manx family appeared in two papers in the first volume of The Manx Note-Book (1885), written by Mr. A. W. Moore, who was the editor of the magazine; he is now Speaker of the House of Keys. (They will be found on pp. 17-20, 98-101.) What follows is practically a summary of those papers :— the "A family of Scandinavian origin, MacCristens, Christins, or, as they now call themselves, Christians, must have attained an important position in the Isle of Mann at an early date, as John McCristen, the first of whom there is any record, was one of the judges, or Deemsters, in 1408, and a member of the Tynwald Court in 1422. Of his three successors, who also bore the name of John, the first was seated at Altadale, in the Parish of Lezayre; the second was Deemster from 1500 to 1510; and the third was also Deemster son by his first wife, married Margaret, born in Joseph, son of Thomas, vicar of Crosthwaite, in daughter; but Mr. Moore says that only the descendants seem to have been eminent as William Christian (Illiam Dhone), born 1511-1535. This latter acquired property adjoining 1608, was executed 2 Jan., 1662/3; his Altadale, and called the whole Milntown.' He nephew Edward, born 1628, died 1693; he was the first to put the Manx laws in writing...... was succeeded by his son Ewan, born 1651, died 1719. His grandson John married Bridget Senhouse, and was grandfather of my great-grandfather, John Christian, who married Isabella Curwen and assumed her name in 1790. I shall be glad to send MR. ACKERLEY a monograph of the Christians of Milntown ALFRED F. CURWEN. and Ewanrigg. Harrington Rectory, Cumberland, R.S.O. RALPH GOUT, WATCHMAKER (10th S. v. 206) -I have five London-made Turkish watches which I bought in the bazaar at Smyrna some sixteen years ago. Among them is one made by Ralph Gout. It measures about four inches in diameter. The outside loose case is of tortoiseshell and silver, the second loose case of silver, and the case of the watch itself of silver. The figures on the dial are of course Turkish. There is also what I take to be the original wooden case covered with leather. A good many years ago I saw in a curiosity shop in Vigo Street, no longer existing, a watch of Ralph Gout's exactly like mine, except that pinchbeck took the place of silver; also there was no leather and wooden case. The makers of my other Turkish watches are George Clarke, Markwick, and George Prior. The largest of these measures only 2} in. ROBERT PIERPOINT. 335 "That's my plan. "chuse" for choose, &c. Give 'em bumping weight (with the little finger in), and shout, There you are, all that lot for tuppence, it's rattling bait!' and they swallers it like jam" (S. May, 'Hurrah for a Coster's Life,' quoted in Barrère and Leland's 'Dict. of Slang '). A similar colloquialism for extraordinary, trethundering": "I was mendous, &c., is " drawing a thundering fish out of the water" (Tom Brown's Works,' i. 219). 66 A "clipping time" has, of course, the same a clipping pace," ie., a very sense as in fast pace, such as that of which the fastsailing vessel known as capable. Similarly a appears 66 33 is a clipper ripping good time" to be from an Americanism "to rip," to go at a great pace, the metaphor being in an association of ideas between speed and excellence (Barrère and Leland). J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. HERALDIC (10th S. v. 230).-The swallow or sable aspect. Martlets sable are borne by martlet always in nature has a predominant Watson, Gladstone, Winnington, and Walsh, and by Lords Meath, Lurgan, and Kenmare. But the unwritten rules as to convenience in the tinctures of blazonry often exhibit a lofty Nunquam aliud not apply to blazonry: contempt for nature. Juvenal's dictum does natura, aliud sapientia dicit." Accordingly "RATTLING GOOD THING" (10th S. v. 250).—martlets argent are borne by the name of There is no particular difficulty; we have Houston and by Lords Truro, Jervis, and St. Vincent; martlets or by Temple, Smithonly to consult (as usual) the New English Marriott, Morshead, and Hodson and gules Dictionary,' and the development of the by Proctor, Earl Cowper, and Sir Francis sense can then be appreciated. to have been blazoned argent. Burdett. The martlets of Edward the ConWillement describes a window of St. Olave's Church, Old Jewry, wherein are the arms of Richard II. impaled with those of his patron saint Edward the Confessor. These arms are alluded to in an extract from Froissart (ed. Pynson, vol. ii. fol. 258), as "a crosse potent gollde and goules with four white martenettes in the felde." The nearest resemblance to the arms described by BEATRICE that I can find are those of the name of Morshead: Azure, a cross-crosslet argent between four martlets or; on a chief of the second, three escallops gules. The saltier is, of course, merely a variant of the cross. As to clipping, it has been explained at least twice: once by Dr. Smythe Palmer, in his Folk-Etymology,' and once by myself, in 'Notes on Etymology,' p. 38. A clipper is a fast horse, from the Dutch and Low German klepper; so named from kleppen, to clap. A clipper or a rattler is a fast horse, whose feet are heard to clap over the stones or to rattle along merrily. The New Eng. Dict.' gives an admirable illus tration from Bulwer Lytton's 'Night and Morning,' Book II. ch. viii. (1841): "I want a good horse;......now then, out with your rattlers." Surely the phrase is clear enough. WALTER W. SKEAT. The origin of this phrase may, I think, be sought in the desire for emphatic or inten"thundering," sifying expressions, like "ripping," "amazing," and, as so often encountered in the writings of Pepys and his contemporaries, "mighty." By the way, I had an aged relative who occasionally used the word "mighty" as an intensive, wrote fessor appear J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. The field should be gold, the saltire red, the martlets of their proper or natural hues. ST. SWITHIN. The explanation of the colouring of the coat of arms which BEATRICE requires is that the field, or ground-work of the shield, is gold (or yellow), and the saltire and the martlets are red. CROSS-CROSSLET. The arms of the families of More and Moy of France, Or, a saltire between four martlets gu., are given correctly. The field (shield) Or, a saltire gules between four martlets of the last, will perhaps explain what is required. JOHN RADCLIffe. ROYAL ARMS IN CHURCHES (10th S. v. 188, 230, 294).-It may be well to record a strange blunder that was made in the early years of the last century as to the royal arms in the church of Northorpe, a little village near here. Over the chancel arch was a rudely painted shield with supporters, the armorial bearings of Charles II., which probably replaced something of the kind of earlier date that had been swept away during the Commonwealth. Under the shield had been painted the date 1666, but the upper part of the first 6 had been effaced, either purposely or by accident, causing it to read 1066. Such it was supposed to be till one day an artist who was staying at Gainsborough came over to see the church. He proved to such people as had minds open to conviction that they were the arms not of William the Conqueror, but of his remote descendant the Merry Monarch. When the church was repaired some time early in the last century, the arms were destroyed. My father could well remember noticing them when he was child, but I did not learn from him whether they were painted on canvas, wood, or plaster. EDWARD PEACOCK. Wickentree House, Kirton-in-Lindsey. a JOHN PENHALLOWw (10th S. iv. 507; v. 15, 37, 76).-In consequence of the appearance of my note I have received from Mr. Charles S. Penhallow, of Boston, Mass., a quarto pamphlet entitled on the cover 'The Penhallow Panels.' It is of eight pages, with three half-tone reproductions: one of the fireplace, the others of two of the four doors. The pamphlet is anonymous, but is addressed from "Jamaica Plain, Mass, October, 1905." Mr. Penhallow has compiled it chiefly from information supplied him by the Director (Mr. A. B. Skinner) of the Victoria and Albert Museum, South Kensington. Mr. Penhallow gives an account of the room, with some information I have not seen elsewhere. It seems that the Director of the V. and A. M. found the Penhallow family to be extinct in England, but eventually got into correspondence with Mr. C. S. Penhallow. I am glad the room has found a permanent home in its own country, instead of journeying to a new one. As so much interest is taken in this room, I may mention that it is of "oak with carvings in cedar." I have visited the room at the V. and A. M. numbers of times, and never without observing one or more students making the most elaborate and careful drawings of these carvings. Mr. Penhallow acknowledges information supplied to him by the "Sergeant" of the Inn, but there was never a person so named in the service of the Inn: it should be the secretary. On p. 1 of the pamphlet for "Inn in Chancery" read "of Chancery": "in Chancery is a very different thing. Looking over some papers since my first note, I find that the price paid for the woodwork was nearly three times the amount fixed for the reserve, and four times what the Inn was offered for it privately before the sale. There were, however, bids up to within a few pounds of the price it fetched, which shows the high appreciation of this rare bit of old English work, one of the greatest prizes among the marvellous collecThe V. and A. M. tions in the Museum. objects are the more valuable in that they are all there for an educational purpose, which is well served by the prices and date of purchase being given. The prices often open the eyes of the ignorant to the educational value of the objects displayed. A copy of the "particulars of sale" issued by the auctioneers is preserved in the Art Library in the V. and A. M. They consist of eight pages folio and cover, with four good reproductions: one of a pencil or chalk drawing, and three half-tones from photographs, showing the actual condition of the room previous to the sale in 1903. None of these is reproduced in Mr. Penhallow's pamphlet. The Director took great trouble to get all possible particulars, not only about the wood work, but about the Penhallows; and though he found the family extinct in England, he eventually, as I have mentioned, got into correspondence with Mr. C. S. Penhallow at Boston, Mass. I feel greatly obliged to my cousin of Cornish descent for giving the information he has in a printed form, and to N. & Q.' for being the medium of my obtaining a copy. RALPH THOMAS. WHITCHURCH, MIDDLESEX (10th S. v. 249).— The name of Whitchurch is probably preferred colloquially because it is more easily said than Stanmore Parva; but originally it was doubtless known as Whitchurch because the church was actually built of white stone, and to distinguish it from that of Stanmore Magna, which was built of brick. Presumably, therefore, the tower of Stanmore Parva, the only remaining part of the old church, which was rebuilt in 1715 by the Duke of Chandos, is of stone. Whitchurch in Cheshire, 18 or 20 miles N.N.E. of Shrewsbury, and on the Ellesmere Canal, was anciently called Album Monasterium and Blancminster; and there are many other Whitchurches in England which would doubtless bespeak a similar origin. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. DR. WILLIAM MEAD (10th S. v. 228). · Jeaffreson's 'A Book about Doctors,' 1861, p. 161, art. 'Richard Mead,' says: "Mead was not the first of his name to enter the medical profession. William George Meade was an eminent physician at Tunbridge Wells, and, dying there on the 4th Nov., 1652, was buried at Ware, in Hertfordshire. This gentleman left 57. a-year for ever to the poor; but he is more remarkable for longevity than generosity. He died at the extraordinary age of 148 years and nine months. This is one of the most astonishing instances of longevity on record." Sandgate. R. J. FYNMORE. According to Foster's 'Alumni Oxonienses,' George Mede, D.Med. of Padua (25 August, 1651), was incorporated at Oxford on 8 April, 1652. See also Wood's Fasti Oxonienses' (Bliss), ii. 172. H. C. This remarkable instance of longevity might easily have escaped notice in the middle of the seventeenth century. Camden records a similar case in his 'Britannia': "In the year 1664 were summoned out of a small village in Craven, called Dent (West Riding, York: shire), two persons as Witnesses in a Cause at York Assizes, the father and the son, the first of whom wanted only half a year of 140, and the second was above 100 years of age."-Ed. Gibson, 1722, vol. ii. col. 858. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. EDWARD BREREWOOD (10th S. v. 208, 258).M.A. of B.N.C. 1590, and six years later first Professor of Astronomy at Gresham College; see 'D.N.B.,' vi. 273. A. R. BAYLEY. ALLAN CUNNINGHAM'S "THE KING OF THE PEAK' (10th S. v. 208, 271).—As to the authorship of the novel thus entitled there can be no doubt whatever, for in 4th S. x. 57 I printed a letter from my old friend Mr. William Bennet, solicitor, of Chapel-en-le- Frith, dated 24 June, 1872, in which he distinctly claims the paternity of this book, as well as of The Cavalier,' 'Malpas,' and 'Owain The Croft, Southover, Lewes. BEN JONSON'S 'UNDERWOODS,' XLI. (10th S. v. 25).-The difficulty raised at the above reference with regard to the meaning of the words "that' conj." seems to be due to a singular misunderstanding. The obvious meaning of the "critical" note cited is that the word that is offered to the reader as a conjecture. It is only fair, I think, that Dr. A. W. Ward should be relieved of any charge of explaining that in the passage in question as a conjunction. EDWARD BENSLY. to the same authority, the steamer Royal dung," and that "anybody could have taken William of 180 h.p. arrived in London from Quebec in 1833. A steamer, therefore, was no longer a strange sight in Canada in 1838. L. L. K. it away"; also that "the story of the rector of Barcombe refusing to place it in his church is absurd." The truth is that part of St. Martin's in falling down injured the There was a vessel of this name built in monument so much that it was afterwards 1830 at Newcastle, owners Hay & Co., Sun-preserved in the still existing tower; and the tomb could not legally have been moved by derland, but she was a snow" (variety of brig) of 172 tons, and in 1838 was apparently churchwardens. Concerning the exclusion "anybody" without permission of the trading between London and Leghorn or thereabouts. She was wrecked in 1842. MR. RALPH THOMAS refers to a steamer which arrived (where from?) at Montreal in 1838; but as he remarks that he "never before heard of a ship being so named," I send the above. I myself am continually coming across vessels (in_print), scores and scores of them, of which I never heard before. But perhaps I miss your correspondent's point. DOUGLAS OWEN. HOLBORN (10th S. ii. 308, 392, 457, 493; iii. 56, 234; v. 295). The evidence of Stow, Camden, and Munday, so confidently praised at the last reference, is all absolutely worthless on such a point as this. Whoever trusts in what is said by Elizabethan writers about etymology must be very easily satisfied. The notion that the spelling Oldbourne, as occurring in 1611, is final, is simply ludicrous. The spelling Holburne occurs twice in one page of the 'Liber Albus,' p. 233, in an Anglo-French document known to be older than 1419 at the latest; and much older quotations have already been given. Seeing that the prefix Hol- or its equivalent Hole, Holan, occurs more than sixty times in Anglo-Saxon charters, it is by no means easy to deny its existence. Besides which, any county atlas will give two Holbecks, two Holbrooks, four Holcombes, Holcot and Hulcott, four Holwells, and so forth. Why this matter cannot be allowed to rest I do not know. No one who has learnt Anglo-Saxon for a few months would boggle over it. But perhaps that is just the point. WALTER W. SKEAT. GRANTHAM OF GOLTHO FAMILY (10th S. v. 70, 231, 276).-I am sorry SIR WILLIAM GRANTHAM has announced that "there is not a word of truth" in my statements, except regarding the present locality of the Lincoln monuments, and that my "story about his arms is fictitious," because he compels me to return to the subject. SIR WILLIAM declares, in an interview reported in The Daily Chronicle, that the tomb was "under a heap of rubbish near the spot where the church of St. Martin [Lincoln] used to stand," "under a heap of of the effigies from Barcombe Church, the rector can be written to and his reply published. The damaged window, plainly exhibiting the ancient arms and motto, SIR WILLIAM tells us he "found in a barn," "in a hayloft, where it had been put and lost" but last summer, from the window itself, I copied the following: "This window was removed from Goltho church, Lincoln, on its ceasing to be used for public worship, by the Honble Sir William Grantham, 1889." I never denied that Granthams have long been in Sussex, or that they might be "allied to families of high standing": I said they had been numerous in the county, but that "no Grantham of Sussex had ever been shown to be connected with Lincolnshire." SIR WILLIAM continues: "We have always possessed the coat of arms, and the motto Comme Dieu Grantit.'" If he knew that, why did he apply for the motto "Forwards." and obtain it by the patent of 4 May, 1880? Why did he suppress it when "somebody told him," nine years later, of the French one, and claim that instead? (See FoxDavies's 'Armorial Families,' 1905.) Moreover, a red terra-cotta plaque affixed to his entrance lodge still exhibits the new arms and motto "Forwards." More reckless still is the assertion that it was SIR WILLIAM's brother who "some time afterwards" (that is, after the grant of 1880) first adopted the motto "Forwards." (See Daily Chronicle.) That is impossible, because the patent specifying "Forwards" as SIR WILLIAM'S motto had, at his own request, been drawn in the form imparting the arms and motto "to all the other descendants of his father," including, of course, the brother. After this astounding lapse of memory, perhaps the "tradition" of the "migration of Lincoln ancestors to Sussex "more than two centuries ago" may be mistrusted. The remaining inaccuracies of SIR WILLIAM it is not worth while to notice, and I shall write no more, even if a fresh crop appears, because my object is obtained by placing on record that the Lincoln |