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CHAPTER XLVIII.
CONGRESSIONAL LIBRARY
..407
The objects of the Library—Who may use it-Duties of the Librarian.
CHAPTER XLIX.
COPYRIGHTS..
.408
The object of Copyrights-Mode of applying for them-Fees-Full direc
tions from the Librarian of Congress.
CHAPTER L.
PRESIDING OFFICERS OF CONGRESS.
...411
Speaker of the House-How he is chosen-President of the Senate-Their
duties and powers-List of all the Speakers on the House.
CHAPTER LI.
SUBORDINATE OFFICERS OF CONGRESS
414
Secretary of the Senate-Clerk of the House-Their duties-The Sergeant-
at-Arms—The Doorkeeper--The Postmaster.
Mode of doing business in Congress-Organization-Bills-Committees-
Reports-Connection of two Houses - President's signature-Veto-
Passing over the veto-Resolutions and their character-Amount of
business done-Members of Congress and the People.
PUBLIC PRINTING.
CHAPTER LIII.
..418
How it was formerly done-Changes made-People should inform them-
selves.
SIGNAL SERVICE..
CHAPTER LIV.
420
Origin of Signal Service-Scientific and useful character-Mode of con-
ducting it- School of Instruction-Grades of officers-Their duties-
Number of Stations-Smithsonian Institution-Its Origin, Objects and
Value.
REPORTS....
CHAPTER LV.
..424
Mode of doing Legislative and Executive business-Reports useful to fur- nish information-To facilitate business.
IMPEACHMENTS
CHAPTER LVI.
.426
Who may be impeached-House of Representatives the Accuser—Senate
the Court.
THE JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT......427
Importance of this Department in our System—Constitution of the Depart·
ment.
CHAPTER LVII.
THE SUPREME COURT
.428
The high range of its duties-Its original and appellate Jurisdiction-Its
Judges-Their term of office--Officers of the Court-List of Supreme
and Associate Justices.
Their urisdiction-Appointment of Judges-Number of districts-Places
of holding.
CHAPTER LX.
ADMIRALTY AND MARITIME JURISDICTION
Confined to naval affairs-Belongs to District Courts.
COURT OF CLAIMS
CHAPTER LX1.
436
..437
Where it sits-Object to relieve Congress-Advantages to claimants against
GRAND JURY
CHAPTER LXIV.
441
Admirable features of Grand Jury-Do not pronounce judgment-Security
afforded to reputation.
CHAPTER LXV.
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
...444
General, State, County, and Municipal governments parts of a whole-No
conflict-The harmonizing authority in the Supreme Court-How State
governments are formed-Their powers-Modeled on the General Gov-
ernment - Various Courts-Subdivisions-Counties-Towns-School.
districts-Minor divisions indispensable.
CHAPTER LXVI.
INDIVIDUAL STATES
447
Circumstances of discovery of each-When and where settled-Facts in
early history-The part each of the "Old Thirteen" bore in the Revolu-
tionary struggle-The Surface-Climate-Agriculture-Products-Min-
eral Wealth-Prosperity-Area-Population in 1870-Circuit and Dis-
trict Courts-Number of Representatives in Congress-Ports of entry and
delivery - Capital-Time of holding elections-Time of meeting of
Legislature-Form of enacting clause-Complete list of United States
Senators from each State.
CHAPTER LXVII.
MOTTOES AND NAMES OF THE STATES
Mottoes translated-Origin and meaning of name-Familiar name.
CHAPTER LXVIII.
THE NATIONAL DOMAIN
.531
534
Public domain after the Revolutionary War-Various acquisitions of ter-
ritory by the General Government — Character of a Territorial govern-
ment-Organized by Congress -Appointment of officers-Territorial
Legislature-When a State may be formed-Constitution to be approved
by Congress-Admission may be vetoed by the President.
CHAPTER LXIX.
INDIVIDUAL TERRITORIES
.537
Discovery and early history of each-When organized-Surface-Climate
Agricultural and mineral resources-Future prospects and desirableness
as a location-Area-Population in 1870.
Causes of increase of national area—A traditional policy-Importance of
national unity—The Mexican War-Causes-Annexation of Territory—
Excuses urged— We shall never do it again— Superior steadiness of
American people-The probable future of annexation.
CHAPTER LXXI.
CENSUS STATISTICS
.556
PART THIRD.
THE PEOPLE AND THE GOVERNMENT.
The government for the people alone-Early distrust of the masses and its
causes-Embodied in the Federal party-Causes of its fall-Absorption
of foreigners-Favorable results-Future of the people.
Who are citizens-Advance in extent of suffrage-Who are voters-Citizens of States and of United States.
CHAPTER II.
CITIZENS OF FOREIGN BIRTH.
Naturalization-Various steps in naturalization-Digest of laws.
ELECTIONS
CHAPTER III.
..564
.567
Who are entitled to vote for State officers - For United States officers —
History of general elections-People obtain direct control.
CHAPTER IV.
RATIO OF REPRESENTATION
....569
Changes with each census - Reason for it-Data-Present ratio and num-
ber of Members of Congress.
CHAPTER V.
OATHS AND BONDS
574
Reasons for them-"Iron-clad oaths"-Who give bonds-Amount of bonds
required.
Vigor of the government-Mildness in punishment-Why it owns no
prisons.
Officers and salaries—When published-Where obtained.
....581