27-The Civil Rights bill vetoed by President Johnson.

April 2-Gen. Hawley elected republican governor of Connecticut. 4--Gen. Burnside elected governor of Rhode Island.

6-7-Civil Rights bill passed Congress over the veto.

30-Two churches of colored people burned by incendiaries in Rich. mond, Va.

May 15-The President vetoes the bill admitting Colorado as a State. 29-Gen. Scott died at West Point, N. Y.

June 3-Gen. Meade goes to Buffalo to prevent the Fenians (Irish Patriots) from invading Canada.

6-President Johnson issues a proclamation forbidding belligerent operations against Canada from the United States.

8-13-The 14th Constitutional Amendment passed by Congress. July 4-Great fire at Portland, Me. Loss, $15,000,000. The U. S. govern ment a heavy loser by this fire.

23-Tennessee readmitted as a State in the Union, by joint resolution
of Congress. This was the first State readmitted after the war.
25-Lieut. Gen. Grant nominated General-the highest grade known
in our military organization-never before occupied.
Vice Admiral Farragut nominated Admiral.

* 27—Hon. J. H. Harlan, Sec. of the Interior, resigns. O. H. Browning appointed.

28--The Great Eastern reaches Hearts Content, Newfoundland, with the Atlantic Telegraphic Cable, which proved successful. It had failed in the previous year. Great rejoicings. It was one of the most important events of this century.

"30-Great riot at New Orleans, in which many were killed. It was thought the result of President Johnson's policy of reconstruction, which was not in harmony with the system adopted by Congress.

Aug. 1-Gen. Sherman commissioned as Lieut. General.

8-Queen Emma, wife of the late King of the Sandwich Islands,
arrives at New York, and is received as a National Guest.
12—Telegraphic communication between New York and Europe com-
plete, by the Atlantic Cable.

31—American and English naval forces unite to break up piracy by
Chinese junks in the East Indies.

Sept. 6—The monument to S. A. Douglas, at Chicago, inaugurated. President Johnson made many speeches on his journey to attend this celebration, which were indiscreet, and disrespectful to Congress. It was called his "Swinging around the Circle," in derision; a figure employed in one of his speeches.

Oct. 9-Gen. Geary elected governor of Pennsylvania.

23—Dedication of The Stonewall Jackson Cemetery, at Winchester, Va. Nov. 6-State elections in 12 States are held to-day.

แ 20—The Grand Army of the Republic, formed of the present and previous officers of the U. S. Army serving in the late war, hold a convention at Indianapolis, Ind.

22-Raphael Semmes, former Commander of the Confederate war steamer Alabama, appointed Professor of Moral Philosophy in the Louisiana State Seminary.

Dec. 7-The Louisiana Legislature rejects the 14th Amendment to the

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Constitution.

13-Territorial Legislature of Colorado organized.

16—The U. S. frigate New Ironsides burned at League Island. 22-Massacre of nearly a hundred soldiers near Ft. Kearney.

(C 24-U. S. Minister John A. Dix enters on his duties in France.

1867.

Jan. 7-A suffrage bill for the Dist. of Columbia vetoed by President Johnson, but passed over the veto by Congress. Congress was laboring to harmonize the laws of the country with the changes produced by the war. President Johnson did his utmost to prevent the success of this policy. Congress, however, succeeded in carrying its point. This is an important and interesting history, since it shows how the Representatives of the People may check and neutralize the power of a President when his designs conflict with the interests of the country and the purposes of the people.

“8-10-14th Amendment ratified by two States (Missouri and New York) and rejected by another (Virginia).

28-Nebraska bill vetoed, but passed over the veto.

Most of the Northern States ratified the 14th Amendment in this month.

Feb. 20-Military government bill passed Congress.

Mar. 1-Nebraska proclaimed a State by the President.

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2-The President vetoes the Military Government and Civil Tenure of Office Bills. They are passed over his veto..

4-The 39th Congress ends, and the 40th is organized.

11-Military governors assigned to various districts in the South.
30--The President announces the ratification of the treaty with Russia,
by which the United States bought all her North American Pos-
sessions for $7,200,000.

Apr. 3-Gen. Burnside re-elected governor of Rhode Island.

May 13-Jeff. Davis admitted to bail in $100,000; Horace Greeley and others furnish the bonds.

June 19-The Arch Duke Maximilian, Titular Emperor of Mexico, shot by order of the Mexican Republican government. The remonstrances of the U. S. government obliged the French to withdraw their support from Maximilian.

July 13-The steamer Dunderberg, bought by France, sailed for Cherbourg, Aug. 1-Gov. Brownlow re-elected governor of Tennessee.

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5-The President requires Mr. Stanton, Sec. of War, to resign. He refuses, when the President suspends him and appoints Gen. Grant. แ 23—Grand ovation to Admiral Farragut, by Russian officers at Cronstadt.

Sept. 17--The National Cemetery at Antietam dedicated.

Dec. 4--The Patrons of Husbandry, or Farmers' Grange, organized, in

Washington.

7--A resolution in the House of Representatives to impeach President Johnson fails by three votes.

1868.

Jan. 1—Fifth Emancipation Anniversary celebrated by the colored people in various places.

6—Censure of the President by Congress for removing Gen. Sheridan from command of the 5th Military District.

Feb. 7--The resignation of U. S. Minister to England, Hon. C. F. Adams, announced.

19-Senate refuse his seat to P. F. Thomas, of Maryland, on account of disloyalty.

20--The Legislature of New Jersey withdraws its ratification of the 14th Amendment. Ohio and Oregon did the same. This action, considered as absurd as Secession, was not recognized. 21-President Johnson expels Mr. Stanton, Sec. of War, and appoints Gen. Thomas. This is done in defiance of the Senate, by whose “advice and consent " the Constitution requires it to be supported. 24 The House of Representatives adopt articles of impeachment of the President presented by Thaddeus Stephens, of Pa., by a vote of 126 to 57, This was 12 more than the requisite two-thirds. Mar. 5-The Senate is organized as a Court of Impeachment, Chief Justice Chase presiding.

May 16--The impeachment trial terminated by a vote in the Senate of 35 for, to 19 against. As a two-thirds vote was necessary the impeachment failed by three votes. A few Republican Senators incurred great odium by voting for the President's acquittal.

แ 20-Gen. Grant nominated for President by the Republican Convention at Chicago.

22-A Chinese embassy, headed by Hon. Anson Burlingame, who had been U. S. Minister to China and acquired the confidence of the government of China to such an extent as to be chosen by them as the leader of their embassy to this country and the governments of Europe, arrived at New York.

"29--Gen. Schofield appointed Sec. of War,

June 5--Mr. Burlingame and the Chinese embassy presented to the Presi

dent.

44

6-A Bill for the re-admission of Arkansas passes Congress.

9---Bills for the re-admission of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, Alabama and Florida are passed.

12---Hon. Reverdy Johnson appointed Minister to England.

20-Bill for re-admission of Ark. vetoed by the President, but passed

over his veto by a two-thirds vote.

24-The Bill for the admission of the other States being vetoed by the President was likewise passed over his veto.

July 4--Horatio Seymour of N. Y. and F. P. Blair of Mo. nominated for President and Vice-President by the Democrats.

A political amnesty proclamation issued by the President.

16—Admiral Farragut received with distinguished honor by the Queen of England.

20-A Bill to exclude the electoral votes of the Southern States not re-admitted vetoed by the President and passed by Congress over the veto.

21-The 14th Amendment declared ratified, and a part of the Constitution.

28-Military government ceases in Arkansas, North and South Carolina, Louisiana, Georgia, Florida and Alabama.

Aug. 6-Jefferson Davis lands in Liverpool, England.

13—U. S. steamers Wateree and Fredonia destroyed during an earthquake at Lima, Peru; 40,000 lives were lost in this dreadful catastrophe.

Sept. 7—Negro members of the Georgia Legislature expelled on account of race, contrary to the 14th Amendment.

18-Battle with the Indians on Republican River. Lt. Beecher and others killed.

19--Riot at Camilla, Geo., caused by hostility of Southern people to the political privileges of the blacks. Many negroes killed. 29-Gen. Reynolds, military governor of Texas, forbids the election

in that State for President, Texas not having been re-admitted This was in accordance with the law of Congress passed the 20th of July.

Oct. 17 The Legislature of Oregon withdraws its assent once given to the 14th Amendment.

Nov. 3-U. S. Grant and Schuyler Colfax elected President and Vice. President. Popular majority 309,722. Electoral votes for Grant and Colfax, 214; for Seymour and Blair, 80. Virginia, Mississippi and Texas did not vote, and Nevada was not counted in The whole popular vote was 5,722,984. In Florida the electors were chosen by the Legislature.

27-The Indians defeated by Gen. Custar, on the Washita river. Black Kettle, the chief, and more than a hundred warriors killed.

Dec. 1-Ft. Lafayette, N. Y., destroyed by fire.

3-Political troubles in Arkansas, in which many murders are committed.

7-Third session of the 40th Congress begins.

15-A social gathering of the Union soldiers at Chicago.

1869.

Jan. 7-John Minor Botts, a statesman of Va., imprisoned by the Confederate government during the war for his Union sentiments, died. Feb. 27-A joint resolution of Congress recommends to the States the adoption of the 15th Amendment to the Constitution.

Mar. 4-Gen. Grant inaugurated eighteenth President.

“—First session of the 41st Congress commenced.

13-James Guthrie, a statesman of Ky., died.

25-Hon. E. Bates, of Mo., Att'y Gen'l under Lincoln, died.

May 15-The Union Pacific Railroad was completed by joining the two ends at Ogden, Utah. Distance from Omaha to San Francisco 1904 miles. This completed the line of railroad joining the Atlantic and Pacific. The greatest triumph of engineering yet known was accomplished in the Nevada Mts., by carrying the road to a height of over 7000 feet in 105 miles.

July 30—Hon. I. Toucey, of Conn., who had filled many offices in the State and United States government, died.

Sept. 8-William B. Fessenden, of Me., a statesman of reputation, died.

10—John Bell, of Ky., candidate for the Presidency in 1860, died.
6-Gen. J. A. Rawlins, Sec. of War, died. He had been Gen. Grant's
Chief of Staff during the war.

Oct. 8-Franklin Pierce, of N. H., ex-President, died.

Nov. 7-Rear Admiral Stewart, of U. S. Navy, died.

Dec. 24-Edwin M. Stanton, of Pa., Sec. of War during most of the civil war, died.

This year closes a most important era in the history of the United States, and of the world. The account with the civil war was definitely closed, and the final seal set on the policy of reconstruction by the inauguration of Gen. Grant, and the continuance of the Republican party in power by the people, together with the readmission of most of the Southern States and the possibility of the reversal of the decision in regard to slavery done away by the adoption of the fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution, giving the elective franchise to the colored population. Much emphasis was given to all these things by the prosperity of the country, and the rapid reduction of the debt, by the generally wise conduct of the Southern people, and the slowly increasing prosperity of that section. These results reacted in other countries to strengthen the tendency to freer and more popular governments, and seem, in some respects to have introduced the Era of Republicanism.