college year the subscription price is 25 cents per half-year. Communications should be addressed to the University Press, University of California, Berkeley.

REDUCED RAILROAD FARES.

As the National Educational Association meets at Los Angeles from July 8th to 12th this year, the educational opportunity which the Summer Session of the University and the National Educational meeting, combined, offer, is the greatest which has ever been open to the people of the West. The reduced rates which the railroads offer in connection with the meeting of the National Educational Association may be used for the Summer Session. Tickets purchased direct to Los Angeles for the meetings of the National Educational Association (July 8 to 12) allow for a special rate of a full fare one way with return trip for two dollars from all points south of Portland, Oregon, and west of Ogden, Salt Lake City, Albuquerque, and El Paso. These tickets may be purchased by teachers in public or private schools and members of their families accompanying them, and by student teachers in any normal school, university, or other public or private training school, and their families, from June 1 to July 8. They may be purchased by the general public from July 2 to July 8, inclusive.

Teachers desiring to secure tickets to Los Angeles between June 1 and July 8 will be required to present to the ticket agent certificates from their city or county superintendent of schools, or from the principals of their schools, stating that the applicant is in good standing, and that the names of other persons on the certificate are those of bona fide members of the applicant's family.

Stop-overs en route to Los Angeles will be permitted at any point, thus allowing for registration at Berkeley for the Summer Session. Los Angeles must be reached by all holding these N.E.A. tickets by July 8. In many cases, students will be excused by instructors from class exercises at the

All

Summer Session, and credit given for attendance at the meetings of the National Educational Association. N.E.A. tickets to Los Angeles will be limited for return to September 15, stop-overs being allowed on the return within this limit.

Students at the Summer Session who do not purchase tickets to Los Angeles may avail themselves of a round-trip rate of a fare and a third to Berkeley and return.

A very extensive series of excursions to follow the convention of the National Educational Association is being arranged by the local committee on excursions to a large number of the points of historical and scenic interest in California. The railroads of California will offer special rates to the great number of attractive points in California, particularly to the many beautiful vacation resorts along the Pacific Coast, extending from San Diego to San Francisco; into the upper Sacramento Valley, to the Yosemite Park, and to other points in the Coast Range and Sierra Nevada mountains. Especial care will be taken to accommodate teachers who may wish to spend a part or all of their vacation at the beautiful seaside or mountain resorts of California. Special guide books will be issued by the local committee of the National Educational Association giving full information as to rates and accommodations for comfortable and economical living at these vacation points.

The coöperation of all who receive this circular is requested in extending this notice to others who may be interested.

SITE AND CLIMATE.

The University of California is picturesquely situated on the lower slopes of the Berkeley hills, overlooking San Francisco Bay and the Golden Gate. The site comprises about two hundred and seventy acres of land, rising at first in a gentle and then in a bolder slope from a height of about two hundred feet above the sea level to one of over nine hundred feet. It thus covers a range of more than seven

hundred feet in altitude, while back of it the chain of hills continues to rise a thousand feet higher. Berkeley is a city of homes, with a population of about thirty-five thousand people. Electric car lines make the trip from the University to Oakland in twenty minutes, and a greatly improved ferry service has reduced the ride to San Francisco to thirty-five minutes of pleasant travel. The fare is ten cents.

Meteorological observations made at the University for the past fifteen years indicate that the summer months at Berkeley are exceptionally well suited for uninterrupted university work.

The mean temperature for the months of June, July, and August is, respectively, 59.3, 59.2, and 59.2 degrees. The mean maximum temperature (the average for the month of the daily maximum temperatures) is 71.1, 70.3, and 69.8 degrees; and the mean minimum temperature 52.7, 53.6, and 54.1 degrees. The average daily variation in the temperature is 18.4, 16.7, and 15.7 degrees.

Only once during the last fifteen years-in July, 1891did the temperature exceed 100 degrees. The average of the highest temperatures observed in each of the fifteen years was 91.3 degrees.

The prevailing mean temperature for the six weeks of the Summer Session is about 60 degrees, with 72 and 54 degrees as the extreme limits of variation for mean temperature. During the hottest part of the warmest day it is rarely that the temperature exceeds 91 degrees. It is to be remembered that in California high temperatures are almost invariably accompanied by very low humidity. On this account such temperatures are very rarely oppressive.

Although rain seldom falls during the summer months, excessive summer heat is practically unknown; a gentle southwest breeze from the bay, rarely exceeding fifteen miles an hour, renders the climate agreeable and stimulating. During the summer months the days are either clear or fair, only about one day in three being foggy or cloudy.

THE UNIVERSITY.

The University of California (founded in 1860) is by the terms of its charter an integral part of the educational system of the State. At Berkeley are its Colleges of Letters, Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, Commerce, Agriculture, Mechanics, Mining, Civil Engineering, and Chemistry, and the instruction of the first two years in the College of Medicine; at Mount Hamilton is its graduate Astronomical Department, founded by James Lick; in San Francisco are its Colleges of Law, Medicine (third and fourth years), Dentistry, and Pharmacy. The University's endowment is capitalized at about eleven million dollars; its yearly income for educational and scientific purposes is about seven hundred thousand dollars; it has received private benefactions to the amount of about eight million dollars. The University is indebted to Mrs. Phoebe A. Hearst for permanent building plans, upon a scale appropriate and comprehensive. At Berkeley there are one hundred and eightyfive officers of instruction and administration, making with assistants a total of three hundred; courses of instruction distributed among thirty-eight departments; two thousand seven hundred and seventy-six students in 1906-07; a library of over one hundred and sixty thousand volumes aside from the volumes in the Bancroft collection; an art gallery; museums and laboratories; also the agricultural experiment grounds and station, which are invaluable adjuncts of the farming, orchard, and vineyard interests of the State. In San Francisco there are one hundred and fifty officers of instruction, besides demonstrators and other assistants, and five hundred students. Tuition in the academic departments of the University, during regular sessions, is free to residents of California; nonresidents pay a fee of $10 each half-year. Instruction in all of the colleges is open to all qualified persons, without distinction of sex.

EQUIPMENT.

LIBRARY.

The General Library, kept in the Bacon Art and Library Building, now contains over one hundred and sixty thousand volumes. It is constantly augmented by donations and exchange, and by large

purchases of books with the income from the Michael Reese, James K. Moffitt, Jane K. Sather, Claus Spreckels, Mrs. William H. Crocker, E. A. Denicke, and other funds.

The great Bancroft library covering the whole field of West American history and archaeology has been acquired by purchase and installed in California Hall.

The Karl Weinhold library of books on Germanic philology and folk-lore, 6,000 volumes, 2,000 pamphlets-a very rich collectionwill be placed at the disposition of students as soon as catalogued. The resources of the Library are supplemented by borrowings from other libraries; and, similarly, the Library lends its books, under proper regulation, to other institutions. By a recently constructed addition to the building, six seminary rooms have been provided. Ground has been broken for a new library building, provided for by the bequest of the late Charles F. Doe.

The various departments of instruction have separately kept collections of books, useful for ready reference and class-room work.

The Library and Reading Room of the Department of Agriculture, situated in Agricultural Hall, receives the publications of the experiment stations of the United States and other countries, as well as pamphlets on agricultural subjects published by various governments and commissions. About one hundred and forty dailies, weeklies, and monthlies are regularly received.

MUSEUMS AND LABORATORIES.

The Psychological Laboratory is well equipped for instruction and for research. The entire second and third floors and part of the basement of the Philosophy Building are set apart for this use.

The Physical Laboratory occupies the entire basement floor of South Hall, and of East Hall, and thus secures favorable conditions as regards stability and evenness of temperature. There are set apart rooms for elementary and for advanced work, for photometry, and for spectroscopic research. The apparatus includes many instruments and standards for fundamental measurements from makers of the best reputation, and the laboratory employs a competent mechanician, who is continually increasing the equipment from original designs.

The Students' Observatory (Berkeley Astronomical Department). The equipment of the observatory consists of the following