remarkable illustration of the force with which a powerful and highly organized civilization can mould the character and shape the destinies of many millions of people 1. And whatever may be the ultimate destiny of our Indian empire, we shall have conferred upon the Indians great and permanent benefits, and shall have left a good name for ourselves in history.
1 'I confess that my own imagination is most powerfully excited by the visible connexion between moral influence and material authority which is presented, to an extent never realized before or since, by the phenomenon of the Roman empire.'-Merivale's History of the Romans under the Empire, vol. vii, Preface.
Afghanistan, 40; crisis in, 308; invasion of, by the English, 309; failure and evacuation, 311; position of, 334–337. Agra, 139; besieged and captured by the English, 254. Ahmed Shah, the Abdallee, seizes the Punjab, 64, 151; victory over the Marathas, 152; con- test with the Sikhs, 209. Aix-la-Chapelle, peace of, 84. Alexandria, emporium of the sea- borne trade, 6.
Aliverdi Khan, deputy-governor of Behár, 128.
Alompra, subjugation of Pegu, 298.
Amboyna, massacre at, 23, 30. America, discovery of, 8; con- clusion of peace in 1783, 213.
North, rebellion against England, 192.
Amherst, Lord, Governor-General, expedition against the Burmese, 300.
Amiens, peace of, 247.
Amir Khan, 287; besieges Jey- pore, 291; disbands his army, 292.
Aracan, annexation of, 301. Argaon, Nagpore Rája defeated at, 254. Armenia, 336.
Asaf Jáh, Nizám-ul-mulk, 58; death, 78.
Asia, sea-borne trade with, 8; British dominion in, 326. Assam, kingdom of, 299; skir- mishing on border, 300; Bur-
mese recognize our protectorate, 301.
Assaye, battle of, 254. Auckland, Lord, 308; treaty to reinstate Shah Soojah, ib.; territory of Amírs of Sinde brought under British control, 312. Aurangzeb, Emperor, accession of, 29; wars in South India, 44; compared with Louis XIV, 46; death, 62.
Báber, Emperor, founds the Mo- ghul Empire, 42, 126; memoirs, 125.
Báji Rao, the Peshwa, 136, 151, 249; alliance with the Eng- lish, ib.; attacks British at Poona, 293; surrenders, ib. Barker, Sir R., 187.
Barlow, Sir G., Governor-General, 267.
Bassein, treaty of, 249.
Benares, insurrection, 197; ac- quired by the English, 207. Bengal, 128; governors of, ib.; conquest of, 131; commerce and position, 139; state of affairs in, 141; disputes be- tween the Company and the Nawáb, 142-147; revenue, 172; famine, 174; naval engage- ments in Bay of, 200; the centre of English power, 202. Bentinck, Lord William,Governor- General, 302; makes English the official language of India, 303; puts an end to burning of
widows, 364; his foreign policy, 305.
Bernier, François, on the Moghul Empire, 43; letter to Colbert, 126.
Bhurtpore, fortress of, unsuccess- ful siege of, 256; taken by Lord Combermere, 301.
Bombay ceded to England, 29; covenant with Rughonáth Rao, 190; expedition against Sal- sette and Bassein, ib.; negotia- tions with the Marathas, 191. Boughton, Mr., 23. Braithwaite, Col., 199. Breda, treaty of, 36.
Buonaparte, 232; see Napoleon. Burgoyne, surrender at Saratoga,
Cachár,Burmese inroads into,300; recognizes Our protectorate, 301. Calcutta, attack upon the English at, 109, 129; transfer of the headquarters of the Company to, 139.
Canning, Lord, Governor-General, 322.
Cape of Good Hope, doubling of the, 8; seized by the English, 276.
Carnatic, the, 78; war of succes- sion in the, 91.
Chartered Companies, system of, 18-20, 66-73.
Cheetoo, leader of the Pindári hordes, 287. Child, Sir J., 49. Chilianwála, battle of, 317. Chinese Empire, 290, 339. Chunda Sahib, 92.
Clive, his defence of Arcot, 94; expedition to retake Calcutta, 109, 130; letter to Pitt, 113 n.; engagement at Plassey, 131; departure for England, 144; assumes the title of Diwáni, 147, 157; return to India, 156; alliance with Oudh, 157, 162; on the political situation, 159; obtains grant of the Five Sir- kars, 166; leaves India, 169; death, 178. Combermere, Lord, takes the fortress of Bhurtpore, 301. Conflans, M., letter to, 113 n. Constantinople, centre of Euro- pean commerce, 8. Coote, Sir Eyre, 196. Cornwallis, Lord, Governor-Gene- ral and Commander-in-Chief, 218; his settlement of the land revenue of Bengal, 219; league against Tippu, 222; results of his administration, 230; leaves India, 231; return to India, 236; his pacific principles, 265; death, 266.
Coromandel coast, 74; settlements on the, 77.
D'Aché, withdraws to the Isle of France, III. Dalhousie, Lord, Governor-Gene- ral, 317; annexes Punjab, 318; his policy of annexation, 320; annexes Satára, Jhansi, and Nagpore, 320; Oudh, 322. Danish East India Company ex- tinguished, 73.
Davenant, Sir Charles, Essay on the East India Trade, 51. David, Fort St., blockade of, 83. De la Haye occupies Trincomalee, 34.
Delhi, 139; massacre at, 64; taken by Lake, 254. Dhuleep Singh, 314. Diwáni, the, 157.
Dost Mohamed, receives mis- sion from the British at Kábul, 307; hovers about northern provinces, 310; restored power, 311.
Doulat Rao Sindia, 238.
Dow, extract from his history of
Hindusthan, 160. Duff, Grant, History of the Marathas,' 151.
Dumas, Governor of Pondicherry, 74.
Dupleix, Governor-General of Pondicherry, 74; ambitious
spirit, 79; disperses the Na- wáb's army, 83; schemes of territorial extension, 85, 88; failure of his policy, 95; re- called to France, 96; reasons of his failure, 97; character,
Dutch, position of the, in India, 55.
'East Indies,' meaning of the term, 17. Ellenborough, Lord, Governor-
General, 311; determines to retire from Afghanistan, 312; treaty with Sinde rulers, 313. Ellis, Mr., chief of the Patna factory, 146. Elphinstone,
Dupleix, 98; envoy to Afghanis- tan, 272.
England, complications of her foreign relations, 35; wars with Holland, ib.; importance of her Eastern trade, 51; origin of her ascendancy in the East, 54, 55; commercial and political rivalry with France, 61,75; declaration of war, 80; period of contests for supremacy with the Native Indian Powers, 123; undisputed supremacy, 212; war with France, 234; naval superiority, 276; valuable conquests, ib.; systematic policy, 277. English East India Company,
first charter, 12; disputes with the Dutch, 15, 22; with the Portuguese, 21; at Surat, 23; new Charter, 29; settlements, 33; three principal stations, 38; assumes independent jurisdic- tion, 39; declares war against Aurangzeb, 41; policy of self- government, 48; rival Com- pany, 57; union of the two, ib.; advantages, 58; administration
of the, ib.; compared with the French system, 88; expedition to Tanjore, 90; war in the Carnatic, 91-96; peace, 96; necessity for State interference, 171; increase of annual ex- penses, 173; insolvency, 174; inquiries into affairs of, 215; dissolved, 324..
Europe, conclusion of peace in 1783, 213.
European politics, vicissitudes of, 33.
Fírozshah, battle of, 315.
Fox, his East India Bill, 215; rejected, 216.
France, alliance of powers against, 46; commercial and political rivalry with England, 61, 75; interval of peace, 73; declaration of war, 79; aban- donment of Dupleix's policy, 96; views and motives of the Ministers, 102-105; termina- tion of the contest in India, 115; disastrous war-policy, 118; overtures to the Mara- thas, 192; last expedition to India, 200.
French East India Company, 31 ; on the Coromandel Coast, 35; vicissitudes of the, 73; occupy Mauritius, 74; administration of the, 76; compared with the English system, 88; war in the Carnatic, 91-96; peace, 96; finances, 115; insolvency of the, 118. Friedland, battle of, 269.
Gawilghur, fort of, 254. Genoa, trade with the East, 8; diversion from, 10, 58. Gházipur acquired by the Eng- lish, 207.
Gillespie, General, 289. Godeheu, M., supersedes Du- pleix, 96.
Goojerat, Sikhs defeated at, 317. Gúrkhas, the, 288; war with the English, 289, 296.
Gwalior, fortress of, taken by Capt. Popham, 197.
Háfiz Rehmat Khan, the Rohilla Chief, 187.
Hamont, M. Tibulle, 116. Hardinge, Sir H., Governor- General, 313; preparations against the Sikhs, 315; occu- pies Lahore, 316. Hastings, Marquis of (Lord Moira), Governor-General, 282; war with the Gúrkhas, 289; plan for the suppression of freebooting hordes, 292. Hastings, Warren, Governor- General, 184; transactions against the Rohillas, 187; seizes the French settlements, 193; expedition against the Marathas, ib.; war with Hyder Ali, 194; terminates the war, 197; financial embarrassments, ib.; resignation, 200; career, 204; trial, 205; charges against, 216.
Holkar, Jeswant Rao, attacked
by the English, 255; disper- sion of his troops, 256; de- feated at Mehidpore, 293. Holland, Universal East India Company founded, 14; quests in Asia, 16; commer- cial policy, 25; hostilities against the English, 28, 31-35,
claims of the Council and Court, 181; English sove- reignty established in, 219. India, Central, condition of, 279- 287; freebooting bands of, 290; political settlement of, 294.
Upper, distracted condition of, 148.
Kábul, occupied by the English, 309. Kandahar, occupied by the Eng- lish, 309.
Karrak, island of, occupied by the English, 307.
Labourdonnais, besieges Madras, 82; thrown into the Bastille, 86. Lahore, 139, 235; occupied by the English, 316. Lake, General, his successes in
the north-west of India, 254- Lally, Count, his instructions, 107; expedition to India, 109; lands at Pondicherry, 110; un- popularity, 111; besieges Ma- dras, 112; defeat at Vande- wash, 113; retreats to Pondi- cherry, 114.
Laswaree, battle of, 254. Lenoir, Governor of Pondicherry, 74.
London Directors, letter from the, 164, 265.
Louis XIV, compared with Aurangzeb, 46.
Louis XV, shortsighted policy of,
Macaulay, argues in favour of
English language in India, 303; antagonist of James Mill, 304. Macnaghten, Sir William, at- tempts to raise a standing army for Shah Soojah, 311; delays evacution of Kábul, ib. Mackintosh, Sir James, 206. Madras, headquarters of the English Company, 78, 103; taken by the French, 82, 112; treaty with the Nizám, 166;
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