I. To the right wor'l Sir JOHN WINNE, Knight Baronet, at Guyder, thefe be deRight Wor'll Sir, MY chiefe care and ftudy hath allwayes bene to deferve rather than to make commodity by the tuition of your fonnes: as (if I be not much deceaved) they themselves and others, that know my carriage in every paffage betweene me and them, will not be backward to teftify. Your owne worthinefs I fo much honoured, as that I added fomewhat allwayes to my earnest defires and endeavours to doe them all offices of a carefull and faithfull tutour, uppon hope of gayning the liking and favour of fo worthy a gentle man, as uppon good grounds both of report and experience I efteemed you their father: fo farre was I from being willing to give any the leaft just cause of diflike or difcontent. I longed much to heare from you, and to fee your fonnes fafe returne to Cambridg; but the joy of the latter was much diminished by the forrow that, I think, I justly conceived by the manner of the former. That little place which I heere hold were fearce worth the holding, if I could not keepe the good opinion of men as touching my playnefs and honesty: undirect dealing being (as in all places odious, fo) in none more obnoxious and fubject to difgrace and reproach than in Cambridg: but the caufe of your mifconceipt of me arifeth, as I gather by your let ter, from the mifcafting and not reforming of a note fent back to me by you, but which never was delivered to me. If it had, I 'would not have neglected the reformation therof in the next, leaft I might thereby alfo have given just occafion of doubt, whether I were more fimple or difhoneft. And now, leaft by fending a part of the accompts I hould not be able to fatisfy in the whole, I have written out a note of all particulars from his admiffion until now, with myne owne hand (although my prefent business could hardly fpare me fo much tyme) the moft wherof are written into my booke with your fonnes hand, I defire they may be through fcanned from ende to ende: that if they be perfect, I may enjoy that which I have allwaves fo much defired, I meane your worthipps favour and if otherwife, I have no colour to refufe the contrary. In the meane tyme, with remembrance of my fervice and love to your worthipp ar I your worthy lady, praying for the perfect recovery of your foane William, I humbly take my leave, remayning your Wor'ps in all dutiful affection, DANIEL HORSMANDEN. St. John's Colled in Cambridg, April 6, 1614. II. To the honoured Knight and Baronet Sir JOHN WINNE, at Guider, these be de Right Wor'll, YOUR worthy fonne Mr. Robert Wiune, my dearest frend, in regard of my owne great lofs, I cannot but greatly lament the lofs of: but his owne carriage was fo blameless, his difpofition so harmlefs and loving and charitable, and his whole courfe fo religious and devout, as his friends have just cause of much joy, and his enimyes of envy, for this his To gainfull tranflation and bleffed change. It pleafed Almighty God to take him in the glory of the ftrength of his yeares, and I doubt not but he is now a glorious Saint in Heaven. He was greene in yeares, but ripe in knowledg: yong in age, but fage and grave in carriage: weake in the conftitution of his body, but ftrong in religious devotion. But only for the carryers haft, I could scarce ceafe to fpeak of him. For recknings betweene him and others with us, Mr. Thornton and I have taken fome pains to make them even fo farre as we can yet heare. The conclufion Mr. Thornton fends and thus with my beft fervice remembred to your worthy felf and your most virtuous lady, I take my leave, and will alwayes reft your Wor'ps in all fervice and love, DANIEL HORSMANDEN. St. John's Colledg in Particulars concerning the eminent perfonage, to whom the above letters are ad dreffed, the curious reader will find in "the history of the Gwedir family, by Sir John Winne, the first baronet of that name, who was born in 1553," 8vo. 1775; a work compiled by the Hon. Daines Barrington, from the MS. of Sir John, who was himself an antiquary. MR. URBAN, Highworth, Jan. 12. N an eftate belonging to Trinity College, in Oxford, between Burford in Oxfordthire, and Highworth in Wiltshire, one of the fields is called Bacon-piece. From this field there is a very extenfive profpect; and in one corner there is a mount, on which a windmill is falfely fuppofed to have food. A year or two ago, it was found neceffary to dig down or level this mount; when in fubftance it appeared to be entirely formed of coal-cinders, incorporated with the mould, the whole mais of which was black. On this mount undoubtedly was erected a beacon, which gave the name to the field, although at pretent corruptly pronounced, to as to carry another allution. But I mean to draw a more important obfervation from this dif *It may be worth while to remark, that this word "Gwedir" fl ould, according to its true ets thology, be read thus: "Gwaederw (or) Erw'r gwaed," which Welth word means, in Enghth, the acre of hood, or the bloody acre, the held of blood. Qu. Whether this is ret the very place mentioned in the MS. hiftory of Gr. ap Cynan? Ste Richards's British Dictionary, 1753. covery. tions in this city, as the illuftrious family of the Cervantes y Saavedras was established here. From this year there is a void in his history, and nothing more is known of him till 1604. Some have been willing to supply this defect, and fuppofe him fent upon a commiffion to Tebfo; that the natives brought a charge againft him, threw him into prifon, and that he in refentment made Don Quixote and Dulcinea Manchegant. Certain it is, that he defcribes with fuch punctuality the choregraphy of that province, paints with marks and propriety the manners, dreffes, and cuftoms, of its natives, that it may be vehemently fufpected that he had been an eye-witnefs of the whole. This probably may be the foundation of the conjecture; as for the reft, there is no document in proof of this, or any other appointment of Cervantes in La Mancha. What is certainly known is, that at the beginning of the 17th century he was in prifon, but for an offence (as Don Gregorio Mayans obferves), which could not be ignominious, as he himself makes exprefs mention of it. And from the fame testimony it is known, that within the fame he wrote his Hiftory of Don Quixote, of which he published the first part in Madrid in 1605. There was a fecond edition of this in 1608, fame place and printer, much corrected and improved, no notice of which is taken by Pellicer, who fpeaks of that of Valencia of 1605, fuppofing fuch to exift, but which he had not feen. There is another en Lisbon 1605, curious only on the fcore of its great loppings and amputations. From Valladolid in 1606 he returned to Madrid, where he paffed the last ten years of his life. In 1610 his fecond patron Don Pedro Ferndez de Coftro, Conde de Lemos, was named viceroy of Naples, and from thence continued to him his protection and liberality. On the other hand, the Cardinal Don Bena do de Sandoval y Rojas, Archbishop of Tokdo, after the example of his coufin the Conde, affigned him a penfion, that he might bear with lefs inconvenience the troubles of old age. Although Madrid was his home, he paffed certain feasons in Efquivias, either to take care of fome çifects of his wife, or to avoid the noife of the court, and to enjoy the quiet of the village, which afforded him opportunity to write more at his eafe. Availing himself of this convenience, for which he was obliged to the friendship of his benefactors, he haftened, as he was advanced in years, to publifh the greater part of his works. He printed his Novels in 1613; his Journey to Pa nafas in 1614: his Comedies and Inter lades in 1615; and, in the fame year, the Second Part of his Den Quixote. He finished alfo his Perfiles and Sigismunda, which was not publifhed till after his death. Meantime an incurable dropfy feized him, and gave him notice of his approaching difflution, which he faw with Chriftian contancy, and with a chearful countenance, He has minutely defcribed this in the Prologo to his Pofthumous Work. This last account of himself, with every one of his writings, have confirmed me in my notion, that the goodness of the man was equal to the grandeur of the genius. Sure am, that good-nature and candour, charity, humanity, and compaffion, for the infirmities of man in his moft abject state, and confequently an abhorrence of cruelty, perfecution, and violence, the principal moral he feems to inculcate in his great work, were the glorious virtues and predominant good qualities of his foul, and muft tranfmit his name to the lateft ages with every eulogium' due to fo exalted a character. At length, on the fame nominal day with his equally great and amiable contemporary WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE, on the 23d of April 1616 died MIGUEL DE CERVANTES SAAVEDRA, in the 69th year of his age, and was buried in the church of the Trinitarian Nuns in Madrid. The Spanith Academy are raifing a monument to his memory, in a magnificent and fplendid edition of his Don Quixote; and it is humbly prefumed that his Commentator, in elucidating the obfcure parts of his text, in pointing out his allufions, in his indexes, and references to the feveral correfponding paffages, will, on examination, be found to have executed a work not ungrateful to his learned readers. JOHN BOWLE. MR. URBAN, Jan. 3, 1781. T will not be inconfiftent with that pleafing department of your publication which is devoted to the prefervation of biographical anecdotes, if you inform your readers that Mr. HARRIS (fee laft vol. p. 591) was metamorphofed from one of the most amiable and independent country gentlemen that ever fat in the Houfe of Commons, into a pliable and modeft courtier, by the intereft of the late duke of York. His royal highness, foon after his return from his firft excurfion to the Continent, affifted at a private concert, and fupped at the houfe of Mr. Harris at Salifbury. Pleafed with his converfation, he defired him to mingle more with those fuperiors who must admire him in proportion to the continuance of their mutual intercourse. When the Duke reached London, he recommended him to the minifier, who immedi ately procured for him an honourable cmployment, from whence he rofe, by degrees, to the comptrollerthip of the Queen's hourhold. His fon, the prefent Sir James Harris, owes his preferment, less to the merit of his father, great as it was, than to his own perfonal ferv ces, which were mentioned with fuch warm encomiums by Sir James Gray (formerly ambaffador at Madrid, and to whom he then was fecretary), as engaged the King to fend him in a public character to Berlin. The library of Mr. Hairis (particularly on account of the Greek MSS.) was eftermed one of the best private collections in Europe. Y. Z.. Mr. URBAN, F your correfpondent the Ludlow fchoolmafter can give no better specimen of his criticism en moft of the Ciaffics than that on Virgil, n. 1. 449, in your last vol. p. 509, he had better forbear detailing them to the public, at least till he can make it appear that Vitus ufed as a fubftantive is a fynonym with Victoria. In the mean time, common eritics will content themselves with that ob vious conftruction of the line in queftion given by Servius, whofe critiques on Virgil far tranfcend thofe of modern fciolifts, whether of Germany or England, as has been fhewn in a former controverfy with Mr. Lathbury, the schoolmaster of St. Edmund Bury. Servius explains facilem vitu copiofam, divitem, referring to the nature of the foil, and to the omen of the Ox's head found, as well as that of the Horfe, in laying the foundation of Carthage. So in Terence's Adelphi, III. 4. 56. facillime agere is to live in cafe and plenty. It must be confeffed indeed, that Taubman fays, fome understood facilem vitu in an active fenfe for "facilis ad vincendum quafi fortis & multis victoriis pollens." But I have my doubts if this fenfe of Victus is warranted by any claffical authority, notwithstanding Servius fays the horfe is bellicafus & vincit. Ruxus is not happier in his conjecture, making vidus the fupine of vivere, and reading it aptum vivere æternå famâ. In fhort, if we but adhere to the history of facts as strictly as the poet does, we cannot mistake the meaning of his two epithets, on which the following paffage in Juftin is fuch an admirable comment, that one cannot help wondering Ruxus, who quoted it, could offer any other: In primis fundamentis caput bubulum inventum eft; quod aufpicium quidem fructuosæ terræ Jed laboriofæ perpetuoque servæ urbis fuit: prop ter quod in alium locum urbs translata: ubi quoque equi caput repert m bellicofum potentemque populum futurum fignificans urbi "aufpicatam fedem dedit. xviii, 5. P. 460. Another work of William of Worcefter, his Annals, was printed by T. Hearne, in Appendix to Liber Niger Scaccarii, Ox. 1728, 2 vol. 8vo. A life of Sir J. Faftolfe, fee in Anftis's Black Book of the Garter, I. 131. 141, where the fory of the pin-money is inferted, and Blomefield's Hiftory of Norfolk, 348; and his life written by Mr. Oldys, in Biographia Britannica, where in note H are many particulars of William of Worcester, of whofe Acta domini Joh. Falstoph," Bishop Tanner (Bib Brit. p.115) gives the beginning, without telling where it was to be found. Q. If the proverb "bearing away the bell, does not mean carrying off, or winning the BENT. MAG. Jan. 1781. fair lady [belle]. See p. 515. The first paragraph in p. 454 of Mr. Pennant's Wales may be read thus: By the marriage of his daughter Anne in 1690, to Michael Hill, efq. Brynkinallt paft into this family; Mr. Hill's grandfon Arthur, created vifcount Dungannon 1765, by the death of an aunt of the name of Trevor became poffeffed of a large eftate in Wales 1762, and took the name of Trevor. Brynkinallt is now poffeffed by Arthur lord Dungannon, &c. Page 516, the ftatutes of Westminster Abbey, as refounded by Q. Eliz. 1560, are to be found at large in Bennet College Library, Cambridge, Mifc. 20, or according to Mr. Nafmith's late catalogue, N° cxx. unless this thould turn out to be the College or School. Her letters patents for refounding the colle giate church are at the end of Dart's History of the abbey. Your correfpondent B. p. 527, will find his conjecture about parched corn intirely overthrown by the prefent practice in the Holyland and Barbary. In the former it is the peasants meal (Haffelquift, p. 166) and in the latter a provifion for travelling (Jones's account of W. Barbary in Mifcell. Cur. 3. 390. Phil. Tr. Abr. III, p. 2, ch. 3. art. 35). Harmer's Obfervations on divers paffages Scripture, 69. 272. 277) Mr. Jones obferves, the flour of parched barley mixed with water is thought to quench thirst better than water alone, to fatisfy hunger, and to cool and refresh tired and weary fpirits. Thus it was a proper relief to har veft people (Ruth II. 14.); foldiers (1 Sam. xvii. 17.); or, as in the cafe in question, a tired multitude (1 Sam. xxv. 18. Joh. v. 11. 2 Sam. xvii. 28. 29). D'Àrvieux (Voy. de Paleft. p. 200) exprefsly mentions ftores of corn dried in the fun. It was therefore no fuch unfuitable prefent from Abigail to David, especially if we confider that St. Jerome speaks of parched ricers, pulfe of an infe rior kind," as ufed in his time in deferts, and for prefents of fmaller value,” and joins them with raifins and other kind of fruit. (Comment. on Math. c. 21.) Neither is the quantity of Abigail's five measures afcertained; fo that they might as well have been for the relief of David's followers, amounting to 500, as of himself alone. St. Jerome tranflates the word in Ruth, Joshua, I Sam. 25, 2 Sam. 17, polenta, flour. The Lxx in Joshua va (new or green corn) but in Ruth and both places of Sam. ɑλpiky flour. If we adopt the Lxx tranflation of Jofh. v. It, it fhould feem that the Ifraelites eat the new corn of their newly acquired land, as Halelquift's fhepherd did, gathering it green and parching it; and to this perhaps refers the defeription of the ground corn spread over the well that concealed David's fpies (2 Sam. xvii. 19.) which Jerome tranflates Prifanas, Vol. XXXVIII. p. 515. and and the Lxx.retain the original word Arapw^. Your correfpondent's argument, from the fupplying the word corn in Italic in our tranflations wherever this parched article is mentioned, is of little weight. Some fort of grain is certainly implied. For in the prohibition (Levit. xxiii. 14.) to taste any of the produce of the harvest before the first fruits had been offered to God, the articles are corn and pulfe. This paffage, and thofe from Joshua, Ruth, and 1 and 2 Samuel before adduced, are the only fix places in which parched corn occurs in our bibles. In all thefe the Vulgate tranflates it polenta; in Levit. the LXX. has wipeyuna idea vem, new corn roafted; and in Jothua only vet; fo that whether we understand it of corn parched to feparate it from the hulls, and then eaten whole, or of flour made of corn previously dried by the fun or fire, the propriety of the expreffion remains the fame, and the improbability of cafee having ever been used under the ancient Jews. Your correfpondent's doubt may however fuggeft an ufeful inquiry into the antiquity of coffee among the Easterns. Q. if toafted beans were its fubstitute among the Greeks, as among many honest Europeans at prefent? Roafted beans were used in Theocritus (vii. 66. & Schol.) as provocatives to drink. Pliny (N. H. xviii. 12.) fays, beans are of an intoxicating nature, and promote dreams. In p. 519, col. 2. line 17 from bottom, r. Aude aliquid, 591, l. 13, r. Newfom. Mr. C's book thould be dated 1780. 520, col. 2, line 13 from bottom, r. fic, fic juvat ire. The earthquake in p. 37, happened Auguft 29. P. 590, St. Andrew's, Holborn, is in the gift of the duke of Buccleugh. The profe tranflation of an ode of Pindar, p. 507, however well executed, is but a debafement of fome of the fublimeft of human compofitions. D. H. Mr. URBAN, Hough 1 cannot fubfcribe to every pro Torsion cannoted in the to every, protraordinary publication, I am not one of thofe who think it dangerous to fociety, or that the Author deferves the title with which he has been characterised, namely, that of the Reverend Libertine; his doctrine, well understood, having a quite contrary tendency. That a plurality of wives was tolerated under the Jewith law cannot be denied, as the Bible in feveral places bears witness; but that it was inconfiftent with Onmilcience to give the Jews imperfect law, which, Chrift Jays, be came not to abolife, but to confirm, as Mr. Madan contends, will not fo eahly be admitted. I beg leave to obferve, that Chrift, when afked what a man muit do to be laved, an fwefed, let him keep the commandments." I confider Chrift not only as the confirmer of God's law, but as the abolisher of the ritual. of Mofes. The decalogue, as delivered on Mount Sinai, was, doubtless, that effential law, which God expected his creatures implicitly to obey; the rest of what is termed the law, were the inftitutions of Mofes, for the government of the Jewish people. In conformity to this idea, it is obfervable, that when God denounced any punishments against the Ifraelites, it was, unless you keep my commandments: the more venial offences against the Mofaic canon were to be expiated by the prefcribed offerings; but he that kept the commandments, the fame (according to the imperfection of humanity) was a perfect man. In thofe commandments, no mention is made of a plurality of wives; on the contrary, we are forbidden to covet our neighbour's wife, not wives. In like manner when Chrift or his Apoftles fpeak of the Marriage State, the plural wives is never made ufe of; we may therefore fairly conclude, that Polygamy was not permitted under the law of Chrift. The primitive Chriftians were fo far from allowing more than one wife at a time, that they thought a fecond marriage LEGAL ADULTERY. But what Mr. Madan principally comBats, is, the infamous practice of SEDUCTION. He grounds his doctrine on Exod. xxii. 16, 17: If a man entice à maid that is not betrothed, &c. be fhall SURELY endow ber to be his wife. As we find many paffages of like import favouring Mr. Madan's doctrine, and not one against it, why thould we hefitate in adopting a ftatute into our present code of laws, to enforce what would be fo highly beneficial. Who, Mr. Urban, would with for the enjoyment of a maid, when he knew that act would make her his wife, unJefs he had the fincereft affection for her? Where should we find a kept mistress, those baneful beings, who by their extravagance ruin fome of the most ample fortunes! Where would a prostitute be found, but who was fuch through her own intemperance? Our streets would not then be crouded with fuch numbers of deluded females, who in an unguarded hour had yielded their virtue to fome bafé betrayer; knowing, that paying a trifling fum would free her from the confequences of his enjoyment, and leave him his liberty, to add another, and another, to that miferable clafs of beings. But when the laws give the female every claim of wife, not maintenance alone, but as St. Paul fays, "let the husband render his debt to the wife (no wives): and the wife (no polyga my) alfo in like manner to her hutband." I Epift. to Cor. c. vii. When fuch fhall be made Q. What is the Hebrew word used in these feveral places? In 1 Sam. xvii. Daniel's edition of the Septuagint omits all the verfes between the 11th and 32d. her her right, after enjoyment, where fhall we find a feducer? the word Seduction will foon be obfolete, and blotted for ever from the English vocabulary. Let every friend to virtue, every guardian and protector of the female fex, draw the film of prejudice from their understandings; let them maturely and candidly confider the advantages attendant on fuch a law; and I hope, and believe, they will think with me, that an act of parliament for that purpose would be well worthy the wifdem and virtue of a British legiflature. I would not have the marriage-ceremony abrogated; it thould be obligatory on the parties to have it performed, and their names registered as at prefent, that the time of their union might be known (as fuch knowledge is frequently neceffary), and that the parith thould be acquainted who are refponfible for the maintenance of children. The post-legitimation law of Scotland and Holland is a negative acknowledgment of perfonal union being the real and effential ceremonial to conftitute a marriage. I am, Sir, your most obedient fervant, H. the remarks upon your last year's volume. In anfwer to part of the rote on p. 357, relative to Matthew Contanen, it hath been afferted, "that he was turned out of the poft of Attorney General to the Ifland of Jamaica, by the then governor Trelawney." Your biographical memoirs of Bishop Warburton might have contained an account of his Lordship's indignant animadverfions on Sir Thomas Hanmer's letter to Dr. Smith, Provost of Queen's College, Oxford, relative to the Oxford edition of Shakspeare. The whole history of the curious tranfactions in confequence of it is contained in a folio pamphlet, intituled, "The Caftrated Letter of Sir Thomas Hanmer, in the fixth volume of Biographia Britannica, wherein is difcovered the first rife of the prefent Bishop of Gloucefter's quarrel with that Baronet, about his edition of Shak fpeare's plays. To which is prefixed an impartial account of the extraordinary means ufed to fupprefs this remarkable Letter. By a Proprietor of that work." [Philip Nichols.] "The fecond editon, corrected and augmented. Lond. 1763.” In p. 373, 1. 1, 2, 3, Bishop Robinjon's employments in Sweden could not have been fo inaccurately defcribed, had your correfpondent adverted to the following paffage in 199, of Richardfon's edition of "Godwin De Præfulibus:"-" Legatum ad regem Sueciæ, cui a facris dometticis adfuit, comita tus, acri judi.io et rerum peritia ita fe fuis commendavit, ut cum Legatus in Angliam rediiffet, rerum publicarum adminiftratio ill unice effet delegata, titulum gerenti Refidentis primarii, deinde Legati extraordinarii." [Dr. R. was chaplain to the English amballador at the court of Sweden, not to the King of Sweden, and was afterwards appointed refident and ambaffador extraordinary.] The Bishop's Runic motto is quoted by Mr. Lye in Junius's "Etymologicum," under the word "Mould," where it is alfo explained thus: "Homo eft pulvis adauctus, feu pulveris augmentum." In p. 383, col. 2, 1. 59, the word "Roman" should be expunged; and in 1. 61, read "Anaftafius." In p. 408, col. 1, 1. 31, read "Rennes." Had Mirtillo, in p. 408, looked into Archbishop Tilletfon or Lord Brocke, he would not furely have expreffrd himself as he has; the Archbishop not having attributed the fentiment to his Lordship, who likewife has not quoted the paffage from any author. The Italian lines from Guarini's II Paftor Fido, are thus tranflated by Fanthaw, in 1647: [tend! "Nature too frail, that do'ft with Law con"Law too fevere, that Nature do'st offend!" A comparison of thefe lines with Lord Brooke's will prove, whether his Lordship can, with any fhow of reafon, be faid to have quoted, what probably never occurred to his recollection. Perhaps J. R. in p. 420, may not dislike to recur to what Mr. Tyrwhitt fays in his admirable Gloffary to Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, under "Markis for Markifes." In p. 445, col. 2, read "William Sheldon, efq. of Wefton, Warwickshire." Since the date of the Letters from Mr. Anftis, in p. 460, from which the note fuggefts that new fources of information may be drawn, he published his "Register of the order of the Garter," in 1724, in the fe cond volume of which he has given "Memoirs of the Life of Sir John Faiff;" where it may not be amifs to confult particularly p. 134, and also the Preface to the firft volume, p. xxi. In p. 463, col. 3, 1. 3, 4, Dean Stanhope's grandfather is reprefented as having had the "chancellorship" of York. Should we not rather read "precentorship," as that would be a foundation for his being made canon-refidentiary? He occurs as Precentar in Browne Willis's quarto "Survey of Cathedrals," 1. 77. However, he might have been chancellor of the diarefe. In 1.5, the words "held a prebend" are fuperfluous. In the next page no notice is taken of the editions of Marcus Antoninus in 1669 and 1707, which are duly registered by Fabric.us in his Bibliotheca Græca," lib. iv. cap. 23. Letfome's "Preacher's Aftant" will also furnish a larger Catalogue of the Dean's Sermons. Your ingenious correfpondent in p. 507, may fee in Mr. Granger's otavo "Biogr phical Hiftory," iii. 378, note, a further account of Theobald's unlucky line. It may not be improper to inform the public, that the Third edition of that valuable work, lately advertifed, is literally reprinted from tre Second, published by the author himself in |