modations they will be required to execute such computations, etc., as are assigned to them.

It is usually advantageous for students to choose their time of residence at the Lick Observatory in the period from May to December.

For further information concerning graduate study at the Lick Observatory, applicants should correspond with the Director, Mt. Hamilton,

California.

VII.

CONDITIONS FOR DEGREES IN ENGINEERING.

THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE.

A candidate for the degree of Master of Science in any College of Engineering (Mechanical, Mining, or Civil) of the University of California, must hold the degree of Bachelor of Science in that college of this University or must have completed a course of study formally accepted

as an equivalent.

His application for candidacy must be approved by the Engineering Division of the Academic Council. His general course of study and the subject of his dissertation must be approved by this committee.

He must reside at least one academic year at this University, must complete to the satisfaction of the Academic Council and under its direction and control a course of study represented by not less than twenty

units of work, including a dissertation bearing upon the principal subject of the course and of such a character as to show power to prosecute original research. The dissertation must be presented not later than the first day of the period appointed for the examination for the degree.

(See page 119 for regulations for filing thesis.)

pon the approval of an application for candidacy a sub-committee will be appointed by the Academic Council to supervise the work of the candidate and pass upon his dissertation and his qualifications for the

degree.

In general, choice of subjects will be limited to the following list; but additions to this list may be made with the approval of the Engineering Dovision of the Academic Council. Only Graduate and Upper Division Courses may be offered in satisfaction of the requirements:

1. Thermodynamics

2. Steam and Gas Engineering

3. Hydraulies

4. Machine Design

5. Kinematies

6. Electrical Engineering

7 Mining, Metallurgy and Ore Dressing

8 Geology and Mineralogy

9. Structural Design

10. Testing of Materials

11. Irrigation Engineering

12. Railroad Engineering

13. Sanitary and Municipal Engineering

14. Geodesy

15. Physics

16. Chemistry

17. Mathematics

18. Economics.

OTHER DEGREES IN ENGINEERING.

A candidate for the degree of Mechanical Engineer must be a graduate of the College of Mechanics of this University, or must have successfully completed an amount of work equivalent to the regular undergraduate course of that college; and must pass a satisfactory examination in the following studies: Thermodynamies, construction of hydraulic motors and heat-engines, dynamo-electric machinery, machine construction, and general machine design. The applicant must also have engaged for at least one year in professional work, in addition to the time spent in graduate study; and must present an original memoir upon some subject bearing upon this profession. This degree will not be given earlier than three years after completion of the undergraduate work.

A candidate for the degree of Mining Engineer must be a graduate of the College of Mining of this University, or must have successfully completed a course of study equivalent to the regular undergraduate course of that college; and must pass an examination in the following subjeets: Mining, ore-dressing, petrography, economic geology, the elements of thermodynamics, construction of mining machinery, and political economy. The applicant must have had at least one year of actual practice in the field in the course chosen, and must show by an original memoir upon some subject bearing upon this profession, power to apply to practice the knowledge acquired. This degree will not be given earlier than three years after completion of the undergraduate work.

A candidate for the degree of Metallurgical Engineer must pass a satisfactory examination in the following subjects: Metallurgy, ore-dressing, assaying and analysis, the elements of thermodynamics, construction of furnaces and metallurgical machinery, and political economy. In all other respects the conditions are the same as those required for the degree of Mining Engineer.

A candidate for the degree of Civil Engineer must hold the Bachelor's degree from the College of Civil Engineering of this University, or must have pursued successfully a course of study equivalent to that represented by that degree. A reading knowledge of French and German is essential for the degree. A course of study must be selected by the applicant and approved by the Academic Council, and must embrace one principal and two subsidiary subjects, and extend over a period of at least three years, one of which must be spent in residence at this University. The work offered as the basis for the principal subject must be equivalent to that classed as "primarily for graduates in Civil Engineering." The subsidiary subjects, if approved, may be taken in other departments of study, and must consist of courses classed as "primarily for graduates," or "for graduates and advanced undergraduates. A thesis bearing upon the

principal subject of the course, and of such character as to show power to prosecute independent investigation; and, also, ability to take responsible charge of important engineering work, must be presented to the Academie Conneil for approval at least three months previous to the final examination for the degree. Special emphasis will be laid upon this last requirement, and the degree will in no case be given merely for the faithful completion of the course of study, or the careful prosecution of an ordin ary piece of practical engineering work.

Residence and study for a Master's degree in Civil Engineering may also be counted in candidacy for the degree of Civil Engineer, if in accordance with the provisions contained in the preceding paragraph.

The division of time, study, and research among the principal and subsidiary subjects for the Civil Engineer's degree must be approved by the Sub-Committee in charge of the student.

Every candidate for the degree of Civil Engineer must present to the Academie Council, not later than the first day of May of each year, a detailed written report of the studies and work actually pursued during the year. Any candidate failing to comply with this requirement unless excused for cause, will be considered to have withdrawn from candidacy.

The degree of Civil Engineer will not be conferred until the candidate shall have appeared before the Sub-Committee in charge, and shall have satisfactorily passed, upon the studies pursued, such examinations, public and oral, as may be deemed necessary to show distinguished attainments in the principal subject.

The work for which the degree of Civil Engineer will be conferred may be selected from the following two groups of subjects; but the lists given in each group are not intended to be exhaustive.

I. Primary Subjects: (1) Metal Structures; (2) Masonry Structures; (3) ConcreteSteel Structures; (4) Cements, Mortars, Concretes; (5) Water Supply Engineering; (6) Sewer Systems; (7) Water Supply and Sewerage Purification; (8) Railroading; (9) Roads and Pavements; (10) Rivers and Harbor Improvements; (11) Irrigation; (12) Canals; (13) Tunnels; (14) Testing of

Materials.

II. Subsidiary Subjects:

Subjects in Mining, Metallurgy, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Astronomy, Geodesy, Economics, Mathematics, Physics.

Subsidiary subjects may also be chosen with proper approval from the first group, but in such cases they need not be so exhaustively treated as when taken for primary work.

VIII.

DISSERTATIONS, THESES, MEMOIRS.

One copy of each accepted dissertation of a candidate for a Master's degree must be deposited by the candidate in the University library.

Dissertations for Master's degrees shall be typewritten or printed; if they are typewritten, paper of letter size, 81⁄2 by 10 inches, and record ink, must be used; if printed separately, they must be uniform in style and size with the octavo form of regular University publications. Theses or memoirs for the Doctor's or Professional degrees must be published. If printed as parts of recognized journals, transactions, or government publications, there shall be presented to the library not less than ten copies. If printed privately by the candidate there shall be furnished the library not less than 150 copies. Every candidate is required to furnish the stated number of copies before receiving the degree, or to give satisfactory evidence of the acceptance of the thesis or memoir by some recognized publication approved by the Degree Committee in charge. A candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy whose dissertation has been accepted but not published shall before recommendation for the degree deposit twenty-five dollars with the Secretary of the Board of Regents, the same to be refunded upon certificate signed by the Librarian to the effect that the required number of printed copies has been deposited in the Library. When printed as parts of journals or transactions, dissertations or theses shall bear a suitable inscription, to be determined by the Editorial Committee, to the effect that the dissertation is submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree (name of degree) in the University of California.

THE HIGH SCHOOL TEACHER'S CERTIFICATE.

County, and City and County Boards of Education are authorized to grant High School Certificates (under Sections 1521, 1775, and 1792 of the Political Code of California) to candidates recommended by the University as having fulfilled the requirements laid down by the State Board of Education, provided the institutions concerned in the candidate's collegiate and professional work "shall each certify to the high character of the work accomplished under its direction, and to the personal fitness of the candidate."

The requirements laid down by the State Board of Education will be met by accomplishing the work outlined in either of the following groups:

Group I.

1. Graduation from a college requiring not less than eight years of high school and college training.

By one year of graduate study is meant one year of not less than nine units each half-year, including at least one course sufficiently advanced to be designated as "primarily for graduates." Teachers' courses in departments other than Education, and those courses in Education comprised in Groups I-IV (ie., courses of professional rather than academic character) are not regarded as courses "primarily for graduates" within the meaning of this paragraph. The required graduate course may or may not be in the department in which the candidate desires the teacher's recommendation.

2. One year of graduate study* in a university belonging to the Association of American Universities, part of the time at least being devoted to one or more of the subjects taught in the high school.

3. Eight hours per week for one half-year in the department of Education, taken as a part of either the graduate or undergraduate course.

4. Practical teaching equivalent to at least four hours per week for one half-year, in a well equipped school of secondary grade directed by the department of Education of any of the universities belonging to the Association of American Universities, or in a school of grammar or secondary grade in connection with a California State Normal School, or under the direction of the department of Education of the University of California, or of the Leland Stanford Junior University.

Group II.

1. Graduation from a college requiring not less than eight years of high school and college training.

2. One half-year of graduate study* in a university belonging to the Association of American Universities, part of the time at least being devoted to one or more of the subjects taught in the high school.

3. (a) Graduation from a California State Normal School or other normal school officially recognized by the State Board of Education as of equivalent grade; or (b) twenty months' experience with decided success as a regular teacher or as principal in any reputable school, elementary or secondary; or (c) six months as student teacher in a well equipped school of secondary grade directed by a California State Normal School, or its recognized equivalent, or in a school of grammar or secondary grade in connection with a California State Normal, or under the direction of the department of Education of the University of California, or of the Leland Stanford Junior University.

THE UNIVERSITY RECOMMENDATION.

In addition to the technical requirements prescribed by the State Board of Education the University will require, as preliminary to any recommendation for the teacher's certificate, the completion of enough work (and of sufficiently high grade), in at least one subject, to secure a University recommendation that the candidate is fitted to teach the subject

in high school classes.

The department requirements for such recommendation are, in most eases, stated in the Announcement of Courses under the department head

See footnote on page 120.