The Referendum: Direct Democracy in SwitzerlandDartmouth, 1993 - 273 strani The main aim of this work is to explore the impact of frequent referendums and initiatives upon the Swiss political system. Various institutions evolved specifically to cope with the repeated challenging of government decisions in the arena of direct democracy. Specific behaviour patterns on the part of various political protagonists can be linked to referendums. In addition, numerous Swiss parties and interest groups rose to power or prominence on the back of the referendum. This study identifies phenomena which may occur in politics that employ referenda less frequently. |
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The development of the referendum in Switzerland | 13 |
The theoretical role of the referendum 56 5585 | 56 |
Trends in the exercise of direct democracy 70 2288 | 70 |
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American Enterprise Institute Analyse der eidgenössischen approval ballot issues Bern bürgerliche parties California cantons Catholic citizens coalition committee compulsory voting consensual conservative consociational constitutional amendments constitutional initiative David Butler decades decision defeat device direct democracy double majority economic effect eidgenössischen Abstimmung election environmental facultative referendum favor Federal Assembly Federal Council Gesellschaft für Praktische Gewerbeverband governing parties Graubünden GSOA Ibid June Landsgemeinde launched legislature major parties majoritarian membership National Council Neue Zürcher Zeitung obligatory referendum opposition organizations outcome Parliament parliamentary participation levels percent voted polls popular vote Praktische Sozialforschung proposal question Radical Ranney referendal challenge referendal threats referendum campaigns reform rejected representative representative democracy Schweizerische Gesellschaft Schweizerische Politik Sept signatures Social Democrats Sonderbund sponsors submitted Swiss interest groups Swiss parties Swiss People's Party Swiss political system Swiss referendums Swiss voters Switzerland Tages-Anzeiger turnout