Classification of Cetacea.- The sub-orders of cetacea are as follows:

1. Mystacoceti, baleen-bearing whales. Its families are: Balaenopteride, rorquals, and other great whalebone whales; Balanide, right whales and kogias.

2. Odontoceti, of which the families are: Physeteride, sperm-whales (Physeterina), and beaked whales (Ziphiina); Delphinida, dolphins, porpoises, white whales, killers and the like; Platanistide, river dolphins; and the extinct Squalodontida.

3. Archæoceti, containing the extinct family Zeuglodontida. The most recent and important work on this order is Beddard's 'Book of Whales (London 1900). See WHALE, and the names of the various groups and species of

cetaceans.

or

Cetewayo, set-i-wä'yo, Kaffir chief king, son of Panda, king of the Zulus: d. Ekowe 8 Feb. 1884. Disturbances as to the succession having arisen in Zululand, Shepstone, the representative of the Natal government, secured the recognition of Cetewayo as king in 1873. The latter, however, in spite of the obligations into which he had entered, proved a tyrannical ruler, and maintained a large army. A dispute which had arisen regarding lands on the frontier was settled by arbitration in favor of the Zulus; but on the refusal of Cetewayo to comply with the conditions imposed, war was declared against him by the British, and the king made prisoner soon after the battle of Ulundi, July 1879. In 1882 he visited England and was conditionally restored to part of his dominions. In the following year he was driven from power by the chief Usibepu, and remained under the protection of the British until his death.

Cethe'gus, Gai'us Cornelius, Roman statesman, one of the associates of Catiline. He was

put to death in prison by order of the senate, at the instigation of Cicero, 68 B.C.

Cetinje. See CETTIGNE.

Cetiosaurus, set-i-o-sâ'rus, a genus of amphibious dinosaurs (see DINOSAURIA), of which fragmentary remains have been found in the Lower Cretaceous (Wealden) of Europe.

Cette, sět, France, a seaport town in the department of Hérault, built on a neck of land between the lagoon of Thau and the Mediterranean, 23 miles southwest of Montpellier. The space enclosed by the piers and breakwater forming the harbor can accommodate about 400 vessels; and the harbor is defended by forts St. Pierre and St. Louis. A broad, deep canal, lined with excellent quays, connects the port with the Lake of Thau, and so with the Canal du Midi and the Rhone, thus giving to Cette an extensive inland traffic; and it has an active foreign commerce. The principal trade is in wine, brandy, salt, dried fruits, fish, dyestuffs, perfumery, and verdigris. Cette has shipyards, salt-works, glass-works, factories for the manufacture of syrups and grape sugar, etc., and carries on extensive fisheries. After Marseilles,

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it is the principal trading port in the south of France; and it is much resorted to as a watering place.

Cettigne, tsět-tin'yě, or Cetinje, chět těn'ya, Montenegro, the capital of the principality; situated in a lofty mountain valley, 19 miles east of Cattaro. It contains the palace of the ruler and the government buildings, a convent founded in 1478, a girls' institute and other schools, an arsenal, and a theatre. Turkish invaders sacked and burnt the town in 1683, 1714, and 1785. Many famous Montenegrin rulers lie buried here. Pop, about 3,500.

Ce'tus (Lat. whale), a large constellation lying on both sides of the equator, but mostly south of it, one of Ptolemy's original 48. It is surrounded by Pisces, Aries, Taurus, Eridanus, Fornax, Sculptor, and Aquarius. It contains the remarkable variable star Omicron Ceti, or Mira.

Cetyl, se'til, an alcoholic radical not yet thoroughly isolated, but supposed to exist in a series of compounds obtained from spermaceti.

Ceuta, tha'oo tä, Morocco, a strongly fortified place belonging to Spain, on the coast of Africa, opposite Gibraltar. The town occupies the site of the Roman colony of Ad Septem Fratres, so called from the seven hills rising here in a group, of which the most prominent are Montes Almina and Hacho; on the latter, the ancient Abyla (one of the Pillars of Hercules), is a strong fort, and on the former, among beautiful gardens,, lies the New Town. Ceuta contains a cathedral, a hospital, and convents, but is chiefly of importance as a military and penal station. The place was a flourishing mart under the Arabs, and there the first paper manufactory in the Western world is said to have been established by an Arab who had brought the industry from China. In 1415 it was captured and annexed by the Portuguese, It has resisted sevand fell to Spain in 1580. eral sieges by the Moors (1694-1720 and 1732), and is still the most important of the four African presidios. Pop. about 14,000.

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Ceva, Tommaso, tōm-mä'sō cha'vä, ItalDec. 1648; d. 3 Feb. 1736. He was admitted ian mathematician and poet: b. Milan into the order of Jesuits in 1663, and spent his life as an instructor in vari

ous colleges. His more important mathematical works had reference to angles, for the trisection of which he invented a mechanical instrument. He wrote several biographies in Italian, and many poems in Latin and Italian, two of which, entitled 'Philosophia antiqua'; and 'Puer Jesus', are still admired.

nova

Cevallos, Pedro, pā'drō thā-vällōs, Spanish diplomatist: b. Santander, Biscay, 1761; d. Seville 29 May 1838. He studied at Valladolid, and entered on a diplomatic career. Having been appointed secretary to the embassy at Lisbon, he there married a niece of Manuel Godoy, Duke of Alcudia, the Prince of Peace, and became afterward minister of foreign affairs. In the disputes between Charles IV. and his son Ferdinand he adhered to the latter. Aware of the influence which Cevallos possessed over the Spanish people, Joseph Bonaparte was anxious to gain him over, and offered to take him into his service. Cevallos accepted with apparent willingness, but on arriving at Madrid