be determined, and the processes of inference by which the probable constitution of the archetype is to be restored will be analyzed and practiced. On the interpretative side, more minute attention will be devoted to problems of chronology, history, and administration than to those of diction, syntax, and style. 3Mjs. PROFESSOR MERRILL. [Not given in 1914-15.]

93, 94, 95. Seminar: "Letters" of Cicero.-A brief period in the history of Rome during the decline of the Republic will be taken as a subject for investigation. The letters of Cicero during the period in question will furnish the primary text and will be examined in the light of, and supplemented by, all other available evidence. Textual criticism will be subordinated to historical, the principal aim thus being in contrast to that of the seminar in Pliny's Letters. 3Mjs. Autumn, Winter, and Spring, Tu., 4:30-6:30, PROFESSOR MERRILL.

96, 97, 98. Seminar: Comparative Syntax of Latin and Greek.-The work will deal with the general question of methods of attack in syntactical investigation and the fundamental principles properly governing it, and with detailed problems. Homer and Plautus will be used for material. 3Mjs. Autumn, Winter, and Spring, Th., 4:30-6:30, PROFESSOR HALE.

Attention is called to the following courses:

IN THE DEPARTMENT OF SANSKRIT AND INDO-EUROPEAN COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY

1. General Introduction to the Study of Language.-M. Summer, First Term, 9:00; Mj. Spring, 10:45, PROFESSOR BUCK.

2. Outlines of the Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin (Sounds and Inflections).—Mj. Autumn, 10:45, PROFESSOR BUCK.

3. Exercises in Greek and Latin Historical Grammar Based on the Study of Selected Inscriptions.-Mj. Winter, 11:45, PROFESSOR BUCK.

4. Historical Latin Grammar.-M. Summer, First Term, 8:00, PROFESSOR BUCK.

IN THE DEPARTMENT OF THE HISTORY OF ART

5. Roman Art.-Mj. Winter, 8:15, PROFESSOR TARBELL.

IN THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY

A14. History of Antiquity, V.-The Roman Empire. Mj. Spring, 9:15, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR HUTH.

A16. Studies in the Economic History of Rome.-Mj. Spring, 2:30, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR HUTH.

XIII. THE DEPARTMENT OF ROMANCE LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES

OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION

WILLIAM ALBERT NITZE, PH.D., Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures.

KARL PIETSCH, PH.D., Professor of Romance Philology.

THOMAS ATKINSON JENKINS, PH.D., Professor of French Philology.

ELIZABETH WALLACE, S.B., Associate Professor of French Literature.

ERNEST HATCH WILKINS, PH.D., Associate Professor of Romance Languages.

THEODORE LEE NEFF, PH.D., Assistant Professor of French.

HENRI CHARLES EDOUARD DAVID, A.M., Assistant Professor of French Literature. EDWIN PRESTON DARGAN, PH.D., Assistant Professor of French Literature. EARLE BROWNELL BABCOCK, A.B., Assistant Professor of French.

RALPH EMERSON HOUSE, PH.D., Instructor in Romance Languages.

ALGERNON COLEMAN, PH.D., Instructor in French.

MARIN LA MESLÉE, A.M., Instructor in French.

FRANCK LOUIS SCHOELL, AGRÉGÉ DES LETTRES, Instructor in Romance Languages. PIETRO STOPPANI, PH.D., Instructor in Romance Languages.

CLARENCE EDWARD Parmenter, A.M., Instructor in Romance Languages.

ALBERT SCHINZ, PH.D., Professor of French Literature, Smith College (Summer, 1914).

BARRY CERF, PH.D., Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin (Summer, 1914).

AURELIO MACEDONIO ESPINOSA, PH.D., Associate Professor of Spanish, Leland Stanford Junior University (Summer, 1914).

OTTO F. BOND, A.M.

FELLOWS, 1914-15

FREDERICK AUGUSTUS GRANT COWPER, A.M.

HOWARD RUSSELL HUSE, PH.B.

HYME LOSSE, A.B.

ETHEL PRESTON, A.B.

AGNES RUTHERFORD RIDDELL, A.M.

INTRODUCTORY

The Junior Colleges provide elementary and intermediate courses in French and Spanish. Students who have completed the courses in French commendably, and who have made good use of auxiliary opportunities, may expect to possess a good pronunciation, an accurate reading knowledge of the language, and an acquaintance with the more important modern authors.

The attention of students who wish to have more practice in spoken French than may be had in the regular Junior College courses is called to courses 4A and 5A, which carry a half-major credit each if taken along with courses 4 and 5, with which they are correlated.

In the Senior Colleges the student is introduced to the masterpieces of classic and modern literature; at the same time he is given practice in speaking and writing the language. Most of these courses are conducted in French. In addition, the student may also elect elementary and intermediate courses in Italian or Spanish.

In the Graduate School the instruction consists mainly of courses the object of which is to put students in possession of the results already achieved in Romance linguistics and the history of the Romance literatures. The first-year graduate studies correspond in a general way to the requirements for the "specialist" Master's degree; they are planned to meet the needs of those who are preparing to occupy positions which provide elementary and intermediate instruction in French, Italian, or Spanish. In the second and third years of graduate studies the aim is to impart to students, along with much necessary information, an appreciation of sound methods of dealing with linguistic and literary facts and theories. This appreciation once reached, and granted the needed industry and enthusiasm, the student may attempt research work with good chance of success.

To be admitted as candidates for either of the higher degrees, students must

furnish evidence of (a) preparation equal to three years' work in modern French (or nine majors); (b) a reading knowledge of either Spanish or Italian.

The Master's degree. For the general conditions of candidacy for this degree, see p. 112. The special requirements: are (a) courses 18 (19), 20 (21), 41, 45, 55, or 79, and two additional graduate courses; (b) a satisfactory essay or dissertation upon a subject approved by the Head of the Department; this must be presented at least eight weeks before the Convocation at which the candidate expects to receive the degree.

The Doctor's degree.—For the general conditions, see p. 113. With Romance as secondary subject, nine majors are required, to be selected from the regular graduate courses, after conference with the Head of the Department. At least one graduate major shall be in Spanish or Italian. With Romance as principal subject the minimum requirements are: (a) eight majors in French language, four majors in modern French literature, one major in Spanish, one major in Italian, and four additional majors in either Spanish or Italian; (b) a satisfactory dissertation upon a subject which shall have been approved by the Head of the Department at least twelve months before the proposed date of the final examinations; the dissertation must be presented in a form practically complete at least four months before the Convocation at which the candidate expects to receive the degree.

Candidates for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy who desire to specialize in modern French literature may reverse the proportions of linguistic and literary courses in French indicated above; that is, such candidates are required to complete at least four majors in French language (see courses 41, 42, 46, 47). Under the title "eight majors in French language" are included a course in Popular Latin (see the Department of Latin) and a course in Provençal language and literature (course 49). Candidates who desire to specialize in Italian or Spanish (or in both) will consult with the Head of the Department in regard to substitutions in the requirements outlined above.

It should be noted that the Doctor's degree will not be conferred merely for faithful and careful work, however great in amount. The candidate must possess special aptitude for linguistic or literary studies, and develop the power to investigate on independent lines. Three years, one of which may profitably be spent abroad, is the minimum of time required by those who possess the requisite capacity and preparation.

Two scholarships, each yielding a sum equal to the University tuition fees for three quarters ($120), are awarded annually in the Spring Quarter. The Graduate Scholarship is awarded for excellence in the Department studies of the Senior Colleges during the academic year. The Senior College Scholarship is awarded for similar excellence in the studies of the Junior Colleges.

The Cercle français meets once a week during the academic year. The Romance Club meets once a month during the academic year. All instructors and graduate students of the Department are members; journal notices, book reviews, and original papers are read and informally discussed.

It is intended that the graduate courses offered by this Department in the Summer Quarter as far as practicable shall be so arranged that qualified students may proceed regularly to the higher degrees by attendance in successive Summer Quarters.

COURSES OF INSTRUCTION

I. JUNIOR COLLEGE COURSES

GROUP I. FRENCH

NOTE 1.-Courses 1, 2, 3, 4 should be taken in consecutive quarters and in that order. NOTE 2. Students who begin their study of French in the University will begin with course 1. Those who receive credit for one unit on admission will begin with course 3; those who receive credit for two units will begin with course 4; those who receive credit for three units will begin with course 6.

1. Elementary French. Stress is laid on accurate pronunciation by means of drill in practical phonetics and the use of the phonetic symbols. The following irregular verbs are studied: avoir, être, aller, devoir, dire, faire, pouvoir, prendre, venir, vouloir, savoir, the partir group, voir. The essentials of grammar; daily oral and written exercises; bi-monthly tests. Fraser and Squair, Shorter French Course, thirty lessons; Aldrich and Foster, French Reader, Part I. Mj. Summer, 8:00 and 9:00, two sections; Autumn, 8:15, six sections: a, c, and e (men), b, d, and ƒ (women); Winter, 9:15, two sections: a (men), b (women).

2. Elementary French (continued).-Fraser and Squair, Shorter French Course, through lesson 60; Aldrich and Foster, French Reader, Part II. Drill in the following additional verbs: boire, conduire, connaître, courir, dormir, écrire, envoyer, falloir, lire, mentir, mettre, mourir, naître, ouvrir, plaindre, plaire, pleuvoir, rire, suivre, taire, tenir, vaincre, valoir, vendre, vivre, and related verbs. Verb blanks. Continued practice in phonetics and the use of phonetic symbols; dictation, oral and written; bi-monthly tests. Mj. Winter, 8:15, five sections a, c (men); b, d (women); e (mixed); Spring, 9:15, two sections.

3. Elementary French (continued).-This course is conducted on the lines of 1 and 2 above. Prerequisite: course 2, or one unit of entrance French. Irregular verbs reviewed and completed; practice in translation and use of idioms encountered in reading. Constant review of phonetic principles. Fraser and Squair, Shorter French Course, completed. Texts will be chosen from the followlowing: LaBrète, Mon oncle et mon curé; Mérimée, Colomba; Bazin, Contes choisis; Daudet, Selected Stories; Labiche et Martin, Le Voyage de M. Perrichon; Erckmann-Chatrian, Madame Thérèse; Maupassant, Dix contes choisis; Buffum, French Short Stories (Holt). About 150 pages will be read. Mj. Summer, 9:00 and 11:30, two sections; Autumn, 10:45, two sections; Winter, 10:45, one section; Spring, 8:15, five sections.

4. Advanced French.-Prerequisite: course 3, or two units of entrance French. Systematic study of idioms; weekly composition. Greater attention to oral work; dictation and free reproduction of passages read aloud; review of verbs and drill in practical phonetics continued. Texts to be selected from: France, Le Livre de mon ami; Sandeau, Mlle de la Seiglière (the play); Augier et Sandeau, Le Gendre de M. Poirer; Theuriet, Trois contes; Balzac, Le Cure de Tours; Hugo, Les Misérables (Buffum); Coppée, On rend l'argent. About 250 pages will be read. Mj. Summer, 9:00, two sections; Autumn, 9:15, two sections; Winter, 10:45, two sections; Spring, 9:15, one section.

4A. Practice in Spoken French.-This course, open only to students registered for 4, and its successor, 5A, are primarily courses in spoken French. They should be taken in succession by students desirous of systematic practice in speaking, hearing, and writing the language. The work is correlated as far as practicable with that of courses 4 and 5. Autumn, 1:30, MR. SCHOELL.

5. Advanced French (continued).-Prerequisite: course 4, or equivalent, i.e., thorough familiarity with the fundamentals of grammar and practical phonetics. A rapid reading course. Study of idioms; weekly composition; free reproduction and dictation. Texts will be chosen from: Daudet, Tartarin de Tarascon; France, Le Crime de Sylvestre Bonnard; Hugo, Hernani, Ruy Blas; Pailleron, Le Monde où l'on s'ennuie; Dumas fils, La Question d'argent. About 300 pages will be read in class and one book privately. Mj. Autumn, 10:45, one section; Winter, 9:15, two sections; Spring, 10:45, two sections.

5A. Practice in Spoken French.-This course is open to students registered for 5 and to those who have had course 4 in the preceding quarter and wish to keep up the oral practice. These two courses are so planned as to make them, when taken in connection with courses 4 and 5, the equivalent of courses 4, 5, and 6. Thus students who have completed 4, 4A, 5, and 5A may pass on to Senior College courses without being at a disadvantage. Winter, 1:30, MR. SCHOELL.

6. Lecture et traduction françaises. Conducted entirely in French. The aim is to give the student an appreciation of literary French. He is expected to summarize his reading in French, orally and in writing. Dictation and weekly exercises in translating English into French are also a part of the work. Texts will be chosen from: Balzac, Pierrette, Le Père Goriot, Cinq scènes de la comédie humaine; Michelet, L'Oiseau; Renan, Souvenirs d'enfance et de jeunesse; Loti, Pêcheur d'Islande; Rostand, La Princesse lointaine, Les Romanesques; Lesage, Gil Blas; Mérimée, Chronique du règne de Charles IX; Gautier, Jettatura. Mj. Autumn, 10:45, one section; Winter, 10:45, one section; Spring, 9:15, two sections.

GROUP II. SPANISH

NOTE. Courses 71, 72, 73, 74 are particularly adapted to the needs of students in the College of Commerce and Administration, but are open to other Junior College students.

71. Elementary Spanish. Stress is laid on accurate pronunciation, mastery of the elements of grammar, and acquisition of vocabulary. Hills and Ford, A Spanish Grammar, and Harrison, Elementary Spanish Reader. Mj. Autumn, 9:15, MR. PARMENTER.

72. Elementary Spanish (continued).-Composition, conversation, and reading, with review and continuation of grammar study. Umphrey, Spanish Prose Composition, Part I; Hill, Spanish Tales for Beginners; Alarcón's short stories. Mj. Winter, 9:15, DR. HOUSE.

73. Intermediate Spanish.-Prerequisite: course 72 or one unit of entrance Spanish. Advanced grammar, composition, and reading, with increased use of Spanish in the classroom. Coester, Spanish Grammar, Part II; Umphrey, Spanish Composition, Parts II, III; selected readings from Alarcón, Valdés, and Valera. Mj. Spring, 9:15, DR. HOUSE.

74. Advanced Spanish.-Grammar and composition continued from course 73. Readings from Galdós, Echegaray, and Pereda. [Not given in 1914-15.]

II. LOWER SENIOR COLLEGE COURSES

GROUP I. FRENCH

(Prerequisite: 5 or 6 majors of French)

7. Modern French Grammar.-Systematic review, with practical exercises, of the principles of modern French (sounds, words, inflections, and propositions), beginning with the seventeenth century. Armstrong, Syntax of the French Verb; Koren, French Composition; Nitze and Wilkins, The French Verb. Mj. Winter, 9:15, PROFESSOR NITZE.

8. Cours de style.-Principes généraux, exercices pratiques de composition française. Prerequisite: 6 majors of French. Mj. Summer, 8:00; Mj. Winter and Spring, 10:45, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DAVID AND ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BABCOCK.

10. Théâtre de Molière (Comédie de mœurs et de caractère).-Study of Molière's plays and their social setting, developed through collateral reading. Mj. Autumn, 10:45, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR WALLACE.

11. Théâtre choisi de Corneille et Racine (Tragédie classique).—Structure and nature of the classic drama, approached through study of representative plays with illustrative collateral reading. Mj. Summer, 10:30; Winter, 10:45, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR WALLACE.