38. Methods of Quantitative Analysis in Physiological Chemistry as Applied to Plant and Animal Tissues (continued).-Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. Autumn and Winter, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR KOCH. 39. Quantitative Micro-Chemical Methods for Studying Cell-Respiration.— Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. or DMj. Autumn, Winter, and Spring, DR. TASHIRO. 40. Seminar: in Biochemistry.-PROFESSOR MATHEWS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR KOCH, AND OTHER MEMBERS OF THE DEPARTMENT. 41. Seminar: in Physiology and Pharmacology.-Fortnightly. Mj. Summer, Autumn, Winter, and Spring, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR CARLSON, ASSISTANT PROFESSORS LINGLE, LUCKHARDT, AND BECHT. 42. Research Work in Physiological Chemistry.-Mj. or DMj. each Quarter, PROFESSOR MATHEWS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR KOCH. 43. Research Work in Pharmacology.—Mj. or DMj. each Quarter, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BECHT. 44. Research Work in Physiology.-Mj. or DMj. each Quarter,_AssoCIATE PROFESSOR CARLSON AND ASSISTANT PROFESSORS LUCKHARDT AND BECHT. 54. General and Comparative Physiology (at the Marine Laboratory, at Woods Hole, Mass.).-Credit is given by the University of Chicago for courses taken at this laboratory. DMj. Šummer, PROFESSOR MATHEWS. XXVI. THE DEPARTMENT OF PALEONTOLOGY OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION SAMUEL WENDELL WILLISTON, M.D., PH.D., Sc.D., Professor of Paleontology. PAUL CHRISTIAN MILLER, Laboratory Assistant. FELLOW, 1914-15 CLAYTON HAROLD EATON, A.B. INTRODUCTORY The Department of Paleontology deals with Vertebrate Paleontology. Courses in Invertebrate Paleontology are given in the Department of Geology. The library at the command of the research student is unexcelled in America. COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 1. History of Vertebrates.-The structure, classification, evolution, and faunistic relations of the Vertebrata, their geological range and distribution. Fishes, Amphibians, and Reptiles. Prerequisite: Elementary Zoology and Geology. Lectures, recitations, and laboratory. Mj. Autumn, PROFESSOR WILLISTON. 2. History of Vertebrates.-(Continuation of course 1.) Birds and Mammals. Prerequisite: Paleontology 1. Mj. Spring, PROFESSOR WILLISTON. 4. The Succession of Vertebrate Faunas.-The study of the vertebrate faunas of the successive geologic periods. For students of geology who do not intend to specialize in Paleontology. Prerequisite: Geology 15. Mj. Spring, PROFESSOR WILLISTON. 10, 11, 12. Research in Vertebrate Paleontology.-Prerequisite: For course 10, course 2; for course 11, 10; for course 12, 11. Mj. or DMj. Autumn, Winter, and Spring, PROFESSOR WILLISTON. 13. Field Work. One or more students may accompany field expeditions, by special arrangement with the head of the department. Prerequisite: course 2. DMj. Summer, PROFESSOR WILLISTON. XXVII. THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION JOHN MERLE COULTER, PH.D., Professor and Head of the Department of Botany. OTIS WILLIAM CALDWELL, PH.D., Associate Professor of Botany in the School of Education. CHARLES JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, PH.D., Associate Professor of Morphology and HENRY CHANDLER COWLES, PH.D., Associate Professor of Ecology. FELLOWS, 1914-15 RACHEL EMILIE HOFFSTADT, S.M. MILLARD S. MARKLE, S.M. MABEL ROE, S.M. ARTHUR GIBSON VESTAL, A.M. INTRODUCTORY While the Department keeps in view the usefulness of Botany in contributing to a liberal education, its method is the same in aiding general culture as in training investigators. Beginning with the fundamentals of Biology from the standpoint of Botany, the courses gradually differentiate into more and more special lines until finally they become adapted to the needs of the individual investigator. The method of the Department is the careful, individual examination of the facts upon which the body of the science rests. The Department occupies the Hull Botanical Laboratory. At present there is provision of apparatus, books, periodicals, collections, and greenhouses for work in Morphology, Cytology, Physiology, Ecology, Pathology, and Taxonomy. In addition to the facilities belonging to the University, the Herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History and the conveniently situated grounds and greenhouses of Jackson and Washington parks are always available for material. The library contains a good representation of standard and current botanical literature, to which constant additions are being made. Complete files of the more important serials have been secured, and nearly all current botanical journals are received through exchange or purchase. Special care will be taken to secure all necessary literature for research students. The Crerar, Field Museum, and Newberry libraries are easily accessible. The Botanical Gazette, a journal now in its fifty-ninth volume, is the property of the University, and while in no sense an organ of the Department, it is the natural channel for the publication of much of its work. The Department also issues a series of Contributions from the Hull Botanical Laboratory, 190 numbers of which have been published. The Botanical Club consists of the instructors and advanced students of the Department, who meet each week to review important current literature, to present the results of their own research, and to hear visiting botanists. The club is made an important means of supplementary training for the special student of Botany. In courses demanding the use of apparatus a laboratory fee of $5.00 is charged. This fee includes the use of microscope and reagents and plant material. In addition, a breakage ticket is usually needed. The courses fall naturally into groups under the following classification: I. General and introductory.—Courses 1, 2, and 3 are intended to give a general preparation for biological work in the field of Botany. Each course is complete in itself, but course 1 is a necessary introduction to either 2 or 3, and is the one to be selected by the general student who can give only a single quarter to the subject. Course 6 is intended to correct the tendency of students of morphology to know only laboratory material and to be ignorant of live plants and their habits. Courses 1, 2, 3, and 6 are especially recommended to teachers in the public schools. Courses 7, 8, and 9 constitute a series intended to give a thorough account of the principal groups of plants, their morphology, and a somewhat detailed outline of their classification. These courses may be taken in any sequence, although the subject develops most naturally if they are taken in the order of their numbering. They are required of all students who intend to do advanced work in the Department, and are adapted to all who desire a thorough elementary knowledge of plants. Unless all three are taken, course 1, or its equivalent, is a prerequisite for any of them. Course 4 is required of all students who purpose entering any of the courses in Special Morphology. II. Special Morphology.—The courses enumerated under this head (10-15) expand the work of courses 7, 8, and 9, and consider in detail the different groups of plants there studied. They are intended to furnish the training necessary for independent research in morphology. Courses 10, 12, and 13 make up a year's work, offered in alternate years with courses 11, 14, and 15. Courses 17 and 19 are for research students and demand familiarity with German and French. III. Physiology.-Courses 20-22 include work in the fundamental principles of Physiology and constitute a continuous course (though they may be elected separately and in any order) prerequisite to research work in Physiology. The laboratory observations in these courses sometimes require work at irregular and unusual hours which those electing them should be willing to give. Students should be able to read German readily, and must be acquainted with the fundamental principles of physics and inorganic, organic, and preferably physiological chemistry. Physics 1, 2, 3, and Chemistry 1, 2, 3, 4 are highly desirable antecedents, and may in future be made prerequisites. IV. Ecology.-Courses 30 and 31 are laboratory courses, illustrating the structural, physiological, and experimental phases of Ecology, and are offered in alternate winters. Courses 32-34 are field and library courses, illustrating the geographic phases of Ecology. Course 35 involves both laboratory and field work and may serve as an introduction to work in forestry. Courses 32 and 35 are offered in alternate autumns. Course 36 is offered in various parts of the world and supplements the local work in Ecology at the University. The ability to read German is a decided advantage in all the courses in Ecology, and is a necessity for courses 38 and 39. V. Teaching. Students wishing to teach Botany in high schools are advised to take course 50, and at least two majors in the Department of Education. VI. Recommended groups for the Bachelor's degree.-Students electing Botany as a major subject are advised to include one of the following groups of courses as a part of their undergraduate work, dependent upon the phase of Botany to be emphasized: Morphology: Botany 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9; Bacteriology 22; Zoology 1; Chemistry 2S, 4, 6; Physics 3, 4, 5; Geology 5; German (minimum of 3Mjs.); French (minimum of 2Mjs.). Physiology: Botany 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9; Bacteriology 22; Zoölogy 1; Chemistry 28, 38, 4, 6; Physiological Chemistry 19; Physics 3, 4, 5; German and French as above. Ecology: Botany 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9; Bacteriology 22; Zoology 1, 26; Chemistry 2S, 4, 6; Physics 3, 4, 5; Geology 1, 5, 14; Geography 6; German and French as above. COURSES OF INSTRUCTION Botany 1 and Zoology 1, or their equivalents, are prerequisite to advanced work in any of the biological departments. These are also courses recommended for those students who wish to obtain an elementary knowledge of the principles of biology. 1. Elementary Botany. A general introduction to Botany. Prerequisite to all other courses offered by the Department. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. Summer, Autumn, Winter, and Spring, PROFESSOR COULTER AND DR. PFEIFFER. 2. Elementary Plant Physiology.-A summary view of the general behavior of seed-plants. Prerequisite: Botany 1 or equivalent; Elementary Physics and Chemistry desirable. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. Summer and Winter, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR CROCKER, DR. ECKERSON, AND DR. KNIGHT. 3. Elementary Ecology.-Plants in relation to their environment. Field work in the greenhouses and parks near the University, with occasional laboratory exercises and field trips to the country. Prerequisite: Botany 1 or equivalent. Mj. Summer and Spring, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR COWLES AND DR. FULLER. 4. Methods in Plant Histology.-Principles and methods of killing, fixing, imbedding, sectioning, staining, mounting, drawing, reconstructing, and use of microscope. Prerequisite: Botany 1 or equivalent. Laboratory fee, $5.00. DM. First Term, Summer; Mj. Spring, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR LAND. 5. Organic Evolution.—A course of lectures, with assigned reading, dealing with the theories of evolution and heredity as illustrated by plants. Prerequisite: Botany 1 or equivalent. Lectures, 4 hours a week. Mj. Winter, PROFESSOR COULTER. 6. The Local Flora.-The identification of the common seed-plants and ferns of the Chicago region, to acquire familiarity with the distinguishing features of the great groups, and with the use of manuals. Prerequisite: Botany 1 or equivalent. M. or DM. Second Term, Summer, PROFESSOR COULTER, AssoCIATE PROFESSOR CHAMBERLAIN, AND ASSISTANT PROFESSOR LAND; Mj. Spring, PROFESSOR COULTER, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR COWLES, AND DR. FULLER. 7. General Morphology of Thallophytes.-The thorough study of a series of Algae and Fungi forms the basis of lectures upon the morphology and classification of these groups. Prerequisite: Botany 1 or equivalent. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. Autumn, PROFESSOR COULTER AND ASSISTANT PROFESSOR LAND. 8. General Morphology of Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.-A continuation of course 7. Prerequisite: Botany 1 or equivalent. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. Summer and Winter, PROFESSOR COULTER AND ASSISTANT PROFESSOR LAND. 9. General Morphology of Spermatophytes. A continuation of courses 7 and 8. Prerequisite: Botany 1, or equivalent, and course 8. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. Spring, PROFESSOR COULTER AND ASSISTANT PROFESSOR LAND. 10.1 Special Morphology of Algae.-Critical studies of representative Algae, accompanied by lectures upon the morphology and relationships of the group. Prerequisite: Botany 4 and 7. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. or DMj. Autumn, 1915. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR CHAMBERLAIN. 11. Special Morphology of Fungi.-A study of the morphology and relationships of the Fungi, including practice in artificial cultures. Prerequisite: Botany 4 and 7. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. or DMj. Autumn, 1914, PROFESSOR COULTER AND DR. PFEIFFER. 12. Special Morphology of Bryophytes.-Critical studies of typical liverworts and mosses, accompanied by lectures upon their morphology and relationships. Prerequisite: Botany 4 and 8. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. or DMj. Winter, 1916, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR LAND. 13. Special Morphology of Pteridophytes. to course 12. Prerequisite: Botany 4 and 8. DMj. Spring, 1916, PROFESSOR COULTER AND BERLAIN. Similar in method and purpose 14. Special Morphology of Gymnosperms. Critical studies of the gymnosperm types, with a course of lectures on the morphology and genetic relationships of the group. Prerequisite: Botany 4 and 9. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. or DMj. Winter, 1915, PROFESSOR COULTER AND ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR CHAMBERLAIN. 15. Special Morphology of Angiosperms. A continuation of course 14, treating monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. or DMj. Spring and Summer, 1915, PROFESSOR COULTER AND ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR CHAMBERLAIN. 16 Seminar in History of Botany. This course is intended to develop a historical background for research students. Mj. or DMj. Autumn, 1915, PROFESSOR COULTER. 16A. Seminar in Evolution and Heredity.-Discussions of the historical background and current work. Open to graduate students. Mj. or DMj. Autumn, 1914, PROFESSOR COULTER. 17. Cytology. The structure and life-history of the plant cell. Special attention given to the bearing of cytology upon theories of heredity and evolution. For research students. Prerequisite: Botany 4. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. Winter, 1915, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR CHAMBERLAIN. 18. Genetics and Experimental Evolution.-See announcement under Department of Zoology. 19. Research in Morphology.-Only those students will be admitted to this work whose training in technique and special morphology enables them to be independent. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. or DMj. PROFESSOR COULTER, AssoCIATE PROFESSOR CHAMBERLAIN, AND ASSISTANT PROFESSOR LAND. 20. Plant Physics.-Designed to acquaint the student with the plant processes that are essentially physical. Prerequisite: Botany 2. Desirable antecedents: Physics 1, 2, 3, 11; Botany 3, 7, 8, 9. Laboratory fee, $5.00. Mj. or DMj. Summer and Autumn, 1914, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR CROCKER, DR. KNIGHT, AND DR. ECKERSON. 21. Plant Chemics.-A continuation of course 20, devoted to the study of metabolism. Prerequisite: Botany 2. Desirable antecedents: Chemistry 1, Courses 10, 12, 13 are offered in alternate years with courses 11, 14, 15. |