able cause to believe that any explosive or ingredients of an explosive or substance found by him is liable to be forfeited under this Act, he may seize and detain the same until some court of summary jurisdiction has determined whether the same is or is not so liable to be forfeited. The Constable, &c., may either require the occupier of the place where seized to detain same or may remove it to a safe place; and may when the matter is urgent, and that he is authorized by an order from a justice or officer of police, cause the same to be destroyed or otherwise rendered harmless, but before destroying same he shall take a sample thereof, and shall, if required, give a portion of sample to the person owring the explosive; and any such occupier failing to keep the same when required, or who, except with authority of Constable, &c., seizing the same, or to prevent explosion, removes or tampers with same, is liable to a penalty of £50 and forfeiture of explosives, &c. (s. 74). 14. Inspection of wharf, carriage, boat.-Any Chief Officer of Police may, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the provisions of this Act with respect to the conveyance, loading, unloading, and importation of an explosive are complied with, enter, inspect, and examine at any time (Sundays included) the wharf, carriage, ship or boat, of any person who conveys goods for hire, or of the occupier of any factory, or store, or of the importer of any explosive, on or in which wharf, carriage, ship, or boat, he has reasonable cause to suppose an explosive to be for the purpose of or in course of conveyance. And such officer if he find any offence being committed under this Act, may seize and detain or remove the said carriage, ship, or boat, or the explosive. Any Officer of Police (Constable, &c.) who has reasonable cause to suppose that any offence against this Act is being committed in respect of any carriage (not being on a railway), or any boat conveying, loading, or unloading any explosive, and that the case is one of emergency, and that the delay in obtaining a warrant may endanger life, may stop, and enter, inspect, and examine such carriage or boat, and by detention or removal thereof or otherwise take such precautions necessary for removing danger. Every officer shall for the purpose of this section have the same powers as if authorized by search warrant granted under this Act (s. 75). 15. Payment for samples.-When a Constable &c., takes samples of any explosive, or ingredient, or substance, he shall pay for, or tender payment for the same to such amount as he considers to be the market value thereof (s. 76). 16. Forfeiture and Penalty.-The Court before whom a person is convicted of an offence against this Act may, in lieu of forfeiting explosive, impose upon such person, in addition to any other punishment, a penalty not exceeding the value of explosive (s. 89.) 17. All penalties imposed under Act shall be paid into Her Majesty's Exchequer. Any explosive or ingredient forfeited may be sold, destroyed, or otherwise disposed of as the Court may direct. The receptacle containing explosive may be forfeited and disposed of in like manner (sec. 96). Explosive Substances Act, 1883. S. 2. Causing Explosion.-Any person who unlawfully and maliciously causes by any explosive substance an explosion of a nature likely to endanger life or to cause serious injury to property shall, whether any injury to person or property has been actually caused or not, be guilty of felony. S. 3. Attempt to cause explosion.—Any person who within or (being a subject of Her Majesty) without Her Majesty's dominions unlawfully and maliciously (a.) Does any act with intent to cause by an explosive substance, or conspires to cause by an explosive substance, an explosion in the United Kingdom of a nature likely to endanger life or to cause serious injury to property; or, *The object of the Explosive Substances Act, 1883, is to enable the law to deal more effectively with persons using or attempting to use, or making or having in their possession any explosive substance with a view to endanger life or to injure property, or for any similar unlawful objects. (b.) Makes, or has in his possession, or under his control, any explosive substance with intent by means thereof to endanger life, or cause serious injury to property in the United Kingdom, or to enable any other person by means thereof to endanger life or cause serious injury to property in the United Kingdom, shall, whether any explosion does or not take place, and whether any injury to person or property has been actually caused or not, be guilty of felony. S. 4. Making or possession of explosive.—(1.) Any person who makes or knowingly has in his possession, or under his control any explosive substance, under such circumstances as to give rise to a reasonable suspicion that he is not making it or does not have it in his possession or under his control for a lawful object, shall, unless he can show that he made it or had it in his possession or under his control for a lawful object, be guilty of felony. (2.) In any proceeding against any person for a crime under this section, such person and his wife, or husband, as the case may be, may, if such person thinks fit, be called sworn, examined, and cross-examined as an ordinary witness. S. 5. Accessories.-Any person who by the supply of, or solicitation for money, the providing of premises, the supply of materials, or in any manner whatsoever, procures, counsels, aids, abets, or is accessory to the commission of any crime under this Act shall be guilty of felony. S. 6. Inquiry into case of crime under Act.-Where the Attorney-General has reasonable ground to believe that any crime under this Act has been committed, he may order an inquiry, and thereupon any Justice authorized by him, although no person be charged with the commission of such crime, may sit and examine on oath any witness. S. 7. No prosecution except by leave of Attorney-General -If any person is charged before a Justice with any crime under this Act, no further proceeding shall be taken against such person without the consent of the Attorney-General. S. 8. Search for explosives.-Sections 73, 74, 75, 89, and 96. of the Explosives Act, 1875 (given above) shall apply in like manner as if a crime or forfeiture under this Act were an offence or forfeiture under the Explosives Act, 1875. (2) Where the master or owner of any vessel has reasonable cause to suspect that any dangerous goods or goods of a dangerous nature which, if found, he would be entitled to throw overboard, are concealed on board his vessel, he may search for such goods, and may for such search break open any box, parcel, &c., and if he finds any dangerous goods may cause them to be thrown overboard. Extradition of Criminals. 1. The Extradition Act relating to the Colonies is the Fugitive Offenders Act, 1881, 44 & 45 Vic., c. 69. A provisional warrant may be granted by any magistrate. In Ireland, on arrest, the accused must be brought before one of the police magistrates of the Dublin Metropolitan Police District, who alone can hear the case and commit the fugitive (ss. 4, 5, and 30.) 2. Treaties of Extradition are in force between the British Government and the Governments of France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Brazil, Spain, Italy, Belgium, The Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden and Norway, Switzerland, Hayti, the United States of America, Luxemburg, Salvador, Uruguay, Guatemala, Ecuador, Columbia, Mexico, Tonga, and Russia. 3. The treaties usually provide that the subjects of the one Government shall not be surrendered to take their trial for any offence committed within the jurisdiction of the other. 4. The treaties with the United States include the following offences :-Under Treaty, 9th August, 1842 (6 & 7 Vic., c. 76, and 8 & 9 Vic., c. 120), Murder, assault with intent to commit murder, piracy, arson, robbery (that is, larceny from the person by violence or menaces), and forgery or utterance of forged paper. Under Treaty, 12th July, 1889, manslaughter, when voluntary; counterfeiting or altering money; uttering or bringing such into circulation; embezzlement ; larceny; receiving money or other property knowing the same to have been embezzled, stolen, or fraudulently obtained; fraud by a bailee, banker, agent, factor, trustee, or director or member or officer of any company; perjury or subornation of perjury; rape; abduction; child stealing; kidnapping; burglary; housebreaking or shop-breaking; piracy by the law of nations; revolt on board ship on high seas against authority of master; wrongfully sinking or destroying a vessel at sea, or attempting to do so; assaults on board ship on the high seas with intent to do grievous bodily harm; crimes, &c., against the laws for suppression of slavery and slave trade. 5. The treaties with other foreign countries are made under the Extradition Acts, 1870, 1873-33 & 34 Vic., c. 52, amended by 36 & 37 Vic., c. 60. Copies of the treaties and lists of the crimes for which extradition may be granted are to be found in the volumes of the London Gazette, in which every extradition treaty is published, as required by the statute. : 6. Most of the treaties under the Acts 1870 and 1873 provide for extradition for the following crimes (1) Counterfeiting or altering money, and uttering counterfeit or altered money. (2) Forgery, counterfeiting, or altering and uttering what is forged, counterfeited, or altered. (3) Murder, or attempt to murder. (4) Manslaughter. (5) Abortion. (6) Rape. (7) Indecent assault, acts of indecency, even without violence, upon the person of a girl under twelve years of age. (8) Child stealing, including abandoning, exposing, or unlawful detaining. (9) Abduction. (10) Kidnapping and false imprisonment. (11) Bigamy. (12) Wounding or inflicting grievous bodily harm. (13) Assaulting a Magistrate or peace or public officer. (14) Threats by letter or otherwise with intent to extort. (15) Perjury or subornation of perjury. (16) Arson. (17) Burglary or housebreaking, robbery with violence. (18) Fraud by a bailee, banker, agent, factor, trustee or director, or member, or public officer of any company, made by Criminal Act for the time being in force. (19) Obtaining money, valuable security, or goods by false pretences, including receiving any chattel, money, valuable security, or other property, knowing the same to have been unlawfully obtained. (20) Embezzlement or larceny, including receiving any chattel, money, valuable security, or other property, knowing the same to have been embezzled or stolen. (21) Crimes against the bankruptcy laws. (22) Any malicious act done with intent to endanger persons in a railway train. (23) Malicious injury to property if the offence is indictable. (24) Crimes |