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11. The influence of Christian example and the duty of work,
12. Industrial institutions of the middle ages,
33
13. and their influence as supports not restrictions to industrial
life,
CHAP. III.-ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES AS DIRECTED BY
NATIONAL POLICY.
1. MODERN CIVILISATION.
14. The Jacobean period,
15. The rise of nationalities, and national rivalries,
16. Decaying importance of the divine law,
38
39
43
17. Constitutional changes and the functions of government, . 47
2. ROYALISM.
18. Kingly duties and responsibilities,
50
19. Royal initiative in commercial affairs and in supplying
the home market with manufactured goods,
3. NATIONAL INTERESTS.
20. Locke's doctrine of popular consent and insistence on
individual interest as limiting the extent of obedience,
53
59
21. The Mercantile system as illustrated by the Methven treaty, 63
22. The treatment of the colonies and their struggle for inde-
pendence,
65
23. The industrial revolution, and its effect on the systematic
regulation of the conditions of labour, the quality of
goods and the rates of wages,
68
CHAP. IV.-ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES-STRICTLY SO CALLED.
76
24. Wealth as a mediate end,
25. National wealth and the aggregate of the possessions of
individuals—The importance of Production,
26. Laisser faire, as a regulative principle, was harmonious
with current political doctrines in regard to the indi-
vidual and government,
27. Practical applications of this principle,
28. Measures which were inconsistent with the thorough-
going adoption of the principle of laisser faire,
29. The increase of Population and the new Poor Law,
33. The interest of the consumer,
34. The political aspects of the Anti-Corn Law agitation,
CHAP. V.-ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES FOR THE PRESENT DAY.
35. National life, and its maintenance-the function which
wealth subserves,
110
36. The elements required for sustaining and prolonging
national life,
114
37. Political Economy as the principles of "National Hus-
bandry;" or as limiting the system of Laisser faire by
taking account of the probable injury of posterity,
118
38. State administration as compared with private monopoly, 121
39. General considerations on the principles here laid down,
123
BOOK II.
RECENT LEGISLATION.
CHAP. I.-GENERAL CANONS OF CRITICISM.
PAGE
40. The amount of confidence to which forecasts of different
kinds are entitled-Divisions of the Subject,
41. The State and the Individual Citizen. Public Opinion.
Ill-considered legislation,
42. The scope of legislative influence. Enforcing right and
forming opinion. Temporary conflict between the indi-
vidual and the State,
43. Current views of the due measure of State interference.
a. Class legislation. b. Economic and Moral. c. Pro-
tecting and promoting. d. Not doing what a man can
do himself. (a) Freedom of Contract. .(B) Necessaries
of life. (7) Individual responsibility,
44. The manner of interference. a. Compulsion, General and
Special. b. Permission, Tentative and Enabling. Local
Authorities. c. Encouragement. d. Experiment,
129
133
139
144
155
49. The Bill of 1868 and the Standing Order 1874,
159
. 160
164
. 165
172
. 174
50. The Artisans Dwellings Acts 1879, and 1882, and Public
Health Acts,
2. NATIONAL ADMINISTRATION OF CAPITAL.
51. National undertakings and national direction,
52. The Suez Canal Shares 1876,
. 175
. 176
59. The Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1878,
. 191
60. The Companies Act Amendment Acts 1877 and 1880,
. 195
CHAP. III.-SOCIAL LEGISLATION,-AND ITS ECONOMIC
BEARINGS.
1. MEASURES ENFORCED THROUGH THE ORDINARY COURTS.
72. Probable arguments. Risk and Status,
73. The Employers Liability Act 1880,
74. Payment of Wages in the Hosiery Trades 1874,
75. The Merchant Seamen (Payment of Wages) Act 1880,
76. The Friendly Societies Act 1875,
77. The Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act 1875,
78. The Employers and Workmen Act 1875,
79. The Trades Union Act 1876, .
80. The Allotments Act 1882,
81. The Bank Holiday Act 1875,
82. The Bills of Sale Acts 1878 and 1882,
2. MEASURES INVOLVING THE CREATION OF NEW
ADMINISTRATIVE MACHINERY.
83. The Unseaworthy Ships Act 1875, and The Merchant Ship-
ping Act 1876,
84. Marine Insurance,
XX85. The Land Law (Ireland) Act 1881. Its object,
86. Tenant Right; Free Sale,
87. Fair Rents,
88. Possible alternatives in 1881,
89. Anticipations and Results,
90. Peasant Proprietors, .
CHAP. IV.-RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT.
238
240
. 242
244
245
252
254
. 256
. 260
. 265
. 268
. 270
91. Hasty Legislation,
92. Agitation and abstract moral principles,
. 271
271
93. National Husbandry in the light of National Experience, . 273
94. Defective Administration,
95. National Destiny,
273
275