articles be performed, and effectually obferved, according to their true and proper meaning, by their fub→ jects and people. XVII. Finally, it is agreed and concluded, that both parties fhall fincerely and bona fide observe all and fingular the articles contained and established in the prefent treaty and alliance, and cause them to be obferved by all the fubjects, inhabitants, and people, of the Moft Serene King of Demark and Norway, and of the republic of England, univerfally; and that they fhall not contravene, or cause them to be contravened, directly or indirectly; and fhall confirm and ratify all and fingular the contents, in fufficient and valid form, fubfcribed with their hands, and fealed with their great feals; and fhall bond fide and really deliver, or cause the fame to be delivered, reciprocally to deputies appointed for that purpose, within the space of three months, or fooner, if poffible. In witness of all and fingular the premifes, I the [The following is printed from the treaty, which was published by authority in 1686.] Articles of Peace and Alliance between the Moft Serene and Mighty Prince, Charles the Second, by the grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. and the Moft Serene and Mighty Prince, Frederick III. King of Denmark Denmark and Norway. Concluded day of I. FIRST, It is covenanted, concluded, and agreed, that there be from this day a perpetual, firm, and in- violable peace between the Moft Serene and Moft Mighty Prince, Charles the Second, King of Great Britain, and the Moft Serene and Moft Mighty Prince, Frederick the Third, King of Denmark and Norway, between their heirs and fucceffors, and their kingdoms, principalities, earldoms, iflands, cities, forts, lands, fubjects, and inhabitants, of what ftate and quality foever: and fo as to maintain and promote each other's good no less than their own, and to avert and hinder, with all poffible ftudy, the damage and deftruction of one another. And in this refpect it fhall be free for the fubjects of either King to exercife a mutual navigation and commerce without moleftation, and with their merchandizes to come to each other's kingdoms, provinces, marts, ports, and rivers, and there to abide and traffic. II. At this prefent fhall ceafe between the aforefaid Kings, and their kingdoms, principalities, earldoms, people, and fubjects, both by land and fea, all enmity, war, and hoftility; that is to fay, in the Northern ocean, and in the Baltic fea, and the Channel, within twenty-one days; from the mouth of the faid ftraight or channel to the Cape of St. Vincent, within fix weeks; and then within the space of ten weeks beyond the faid cape on this fide the equinoctial line or equator, as well in the ocean as the Mediterranean fea: finally, within the fpace of eight months, beyond the bounds of the aforefaid line all over the world, without any exception or further diftinction of time or place; all days, weeks, and months, to be computed from the fubfcription of the prefent agreement, and the publication of the fame here made at Breda. And whatfoever fhall be taken and feized after the aforefaid days, by either King, or their fub jects, jects, to whom commiffions have been granted, it fhall be wholly restored back again to him or them from whom the fame was taken; and furthermore, full fatisfaction fhall be made for the damages to him or them thereby arifing, or the charges they have been at; and every person herein offending, fhall be punished as his offence deferves. III. It is alfo agreed and concluded, that all differences on both fides, fufpicions, and ill-will, both on the part of the Moft Serene King of Great Britain, and on the part of the Moft Serene King of Denmark, &c. and likewife for fingular the minifters, officers, and fubjects of them, be buried and abolished by a perpetual oblivion. And further, from this prefent fhall expire, be annulled, and for ever cancelled, all damages, offences, injuries by word or writing, that either the one has done the other, or has been fuffered by the one from the other, from the very firft beginning of the now ceafing war to this day, and the determined point of time wherein all diffenfions, difcords, differences, and enmities, fhall ceafe and be laid afide: by name, the affault and defence made at Bergen in Norway, and in whole, whatfoever either followed from thence, or does thereon depend; in fuch manner, as that neither of the faid parties, by reafon of any damage of this kind, offence, or charges, do, under any pretence whatsoever, caufe the other any trouble, much lefs for this caufe endeavour or attempt any kind of hoftility. IV. All prisoners on both fides, of whatsoever fortune or rank, fhall be forthwith fet at liberty without any ranfom. V. All fhips, goods, or the like, that in this turbulent season, in the heat of this very war between both the above-mentioned Kings and their fubjects, have been taken by the one from the other, or that either party has confifcated and feized of the goods and pretenfions of perfons or subjects of the other nation; as as also all the expences of war on both fides, fhall be compenfated by a like mutual abolition. In fuch manner, as are together comprehended in this compenfation, those debts of the fubjects of the King of Great Britain, which have been on the part of Denmark confifcated; but in this fenfe, that whatever debts of this kind unto the tenth day of May old ftile, and twentieth new stile, by virtue of confifcation or reprifals, have been by fubjects paid and received, do remain utterly abolished and fatisfied; and that it be not lawful for the creditors of fuch debts for the future to pretend any thing upon this account, much less to urge payment of fuch for any reafon, or under any pretence whatsoever. But of fuch debts as on the said day have not been paid and received, it fhall be lawful for the creditors, fubjects of the King of Great Britain, to demand and profecute the payment, by the ordinary way of justice. Excepting nevertheless, 120,000 rixdollars, more or lefs (namely, accruing from a certain controverfy which arose between Chriftian the Fourth, of moft glorious memory, King of Denmark and Norway, and the Parliament of England, by reafon of fending aid to Charles the First of moft glorious memory, King of Great Britain) for which the King of Denmark and Norway bound himself, and gave his bond to a company of certain English merchants trading at Hamburgh, and there either now living, or that have heretofore lived; which claim of 120,000 rix-dollars or thereabouts, being confifcate, fhall be now by virtue of the prefent treaty accounted as null, dead, and utterly abolished; in fuch manner, that the creditors of that debt are not either now, or at any time hereafter, therefore to demand or pretend any thing. In like manner as is alfo covenanted and agreed in moft fignificant words, that no pretenfion fhall be at any time made, by reason of fuch fhips and goods fo feized, and debt or money lent, in fuch manner as aforefaid abolished and confifcated; but that all shall on both fides by a folemn compenfation be for ever accounted counted as null and void: yet so that lands and immoveable goods be not comprehended in the aforefaid voidance and annullation, but that they be without any difficulty or impediment restored back to thofe, who before the denouncing of the prefent war were the poffeffors and proprietors of them. VI. It is covenanted and agreed on both fides, That under the laft-mentioned compenfation, neither countries, nor iflands, nor cities, nor forts, nor ports, nor other like places, are to be understood. But if it fhall be found, that either party during this war hath either taken any fuch, in or out of Europe, or may yet take within the time limited in the fecond article, whatsoever it be, it fhall be, without any compenfation and lofs, together with all, even the smallest things thereto appertaining, forthwith reftored to him whofe it was before, and in the fame condition wherein it was then when it was taken, without tergiverfation, delay, or any kind of pretence. VII. Under this prefent treaty of peace shall be comprehended thofe, who before the exchange of ratifications, or afterwards within fix months, fhall be by common confent nominated by both parties. And, as the covenanting parties do thankfully acknowledge the friendly offices and unwearied endeavours, whereby the Moft Serene King of Sweden interpofing his mediation, hath through the affiftance of God promoted and carried on this beneficial work of pacification unto the defired conclufion; fo to testify their like affection, it is decreed and covenanted, by the common confent of all the parties, that his above-mentioned Majesty of Sweden, with all his kingdoms, dominions, provinces, and rights, be included in this treaty, and comprehended in the prefent pacification, after the best and most effectual manner that may be. VIII. Laftly, It is concluded, covenanted, and agreed, that the forefaid Moft Serene and Moft Potent Kings fhall fincerely and bona fide obferve all and fingular |