A Cultural History of Western Education: Its Social and Intellectual Foundations

academies achieved activities aims aristocratic Aristotle authority became began Calvinist Catholic century B.C. Christian church Church of England civil classes classical colleges colonies Columbia University common conception culture curriculum democracy democratic discipline doctrines early economic educa efforts eighteenth century elementary school emphasis England English established Europe faculty faculty psychology federal France freedom French gained German Greek groups high school higher education human nature Humanistic ideal ideas important individual industrial institutions instruction intellectual interests Italy knowledge labor language Latin learning liberal arts mathematics methods middle modern moral nineteenth century organized outlook philosophy physical Plato political practical principles public schools Puritan Quintilian reform religion religious Roman Russia school system scientific Second World War secondary education secondary schools secular separation of church social society subjects teachers teaching theory tion traditional twentieth century universities York youth