LETTER OF TRANSMISSION.

THE WEATHER:

CONTENTS.

PART I-THE WEATHER AND THE CROPS.

Temperature for the six months April-September, 1-Sunshine during April-September, 2-

Precipitation of rain and snow during November-March, 1891-92, 3-Rainfall during April-

September, 3-Meteorological observations at Little Forks, Rainy Lake, 4.

FARM LANDS OF THE PROVINCE:

Rural areas assessed, 5-Area in pasture, 5-Area in crops, 6-Area in crops by county groups, 6

-Proportional areas under crop, 7.

FALL WHEAT:

Condition of the crop, 8-Table giving area and yield by county groups, 9-The new crop of fall

wheat, 9.

SPRING WHEAT:

BARLEY:

PAGE

iii.

1

5

10

Condition of the crop, 10-Table giving acreage and yield by county groups, 10.

11

Condition of the crop, 11-Table giving acreage and yield by county groups, 11.

OATS:

12

Condition of the crop, 12-Table giving acreage and yield by county groups, 12.

RYE:

12

Condition of the crop, 12-Table giving acreage and yield by county groups, 13.

PEAS:

13

Condition of the crop, 13-Table giving acreage and yield by county groups, 13.

CORN :

14

Condition of the crop, 14-Table giving acreage and yield by county groups, 14.

BUCKWHEAT :

15

Condition of the crop, 15-Table giving acreage and yield by county groups, 15.

BEANS:

15

Condition of the crop, 15-Table giving acreage and yield by county groups, 16.

HAY AND CLOVER:

16

Condition of the crop, 16-Table giving acreage and yield by county groups, 17-Clover seed, 17.

FIELD ROOTS:

17

Potatoes, 18-Mangel-wurzels, 18-Carrots, 19-Turnips, 20.

COMPARATIVE YIELDS OF FIELD CROPS:

20

Aggregate yield of field crops, 20-Ratios of aggregate crops, 21-Ratios of yield per acre, 21-

Ontario vs. American States, 22-Average yields per acre, 23.

FRUIT AND FRUIT TREES :

23

23

General condition of orchards during the year, 23-Area in orchard and garden, 25.

STATISTICS OF THE WEATHER AND THE CROPS:

PAGE

29

TABLE I. Showing for each month the highest, lowest mean highest, mean lowest, and mean tem-

perature at the principal stations in Ontario in 1892; also the annual mean for each station... 30

TABLE II. Showing for each month the annual average of the highest, lowest, mean highest, mean

lowest and mean temperature at the principal stations in Ontario, derived for the eleven years

1882-92; also the average annual mean at each station for the same period

TABLE III. Monthly summary of bright sunshine at the principal stations in Ontario in 1892,

showing the number of hours the sun was above the horizon, the hours of registered sunshine,

and the total for the year; also the average derived for the eleven years 1882-02...

TABLE IV. Monthly summary of inches of rain and snow precipitation in the several districts of

Ontario in 1892; also the average derived for the eleven years 1882-92...

31

32

12

TABLE V. Summary of the total fall of rain and snow, and of the number of days on which rain or

snow fell in Ontario during the years 1891 and 1892 at stations reporting for the whole year and

the averages for the province

33

......

TABLE VI. Comparative meteorological register for the seven years 1886-92, as recorded at Toronto

Observatory..

35

TABLE VII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the rural area of Ontario as

returned by municipal assessors for 1892....

36

TABLE VIII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of fall

wheat in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-

92; also the yield per acre

:7

TABLE IX. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of spring

wheat in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-

92; also the yield per acre

TABLE X. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of barley

in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92';

also the yield per acre

TABLE XI. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of oats

in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92 ;

also the yield per acre

TABLE XII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of rye

in Ontario for the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92;

also the yield per acre

....

TABLE XIII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of peas

in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92;

also the yield per acre

TABLE XIV. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area, produce and yield

per acre of corn for husking and for silo and fodder for the year 1892, also the total acreage

for 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92

TABLE XV. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of buck-

wheat in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-

92; also the yield per acre

38

39

40

41

43

44

TABLE XVI. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of beans

in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92 ;

also the yield per acre..

45

TABLE XVII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of hay

and clover in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years

1882-92; also the yield per acre

46

TABLE XVIII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of

potatoes in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years

1882-92; also the yield per acre

TABLE XIX. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of

mangel-wurzels in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven

years 1882-92; also the yield per acre

TABLE XX. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of

carrots in Ontario for the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years

1882-92; also the yield per acre....

47

48

49

TABLE XXI. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the area and produce of

turnips in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years

1882-92; also the yield per acre

PAGE

50

TABLE XXII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the per cent. ratios of total

yields in 1892 to average of total yields for the eleven years 1882-92

51

TABLE XXIII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the per cent. ratios of

average yields per acre in 1892 to average yields per acre for the eleven years 1882-92

TABLE XXIV. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the total area under crop

enumerated in tables viii-xxi, for the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven

years 1882-92; also the area in pasture and in orchard and garden for the same period

TABLE XXV. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the number of acres under

the various crops in Ontario in 1892 per 1,000 acres of cleared land

LIVE STOCK:

PART II-LIVE STOCK, THE DAIRY AND THE APIARY.

General review of the condition of live stock in Ontario during 1892, 55-Table showing by county

groups the number of horses for the five years 1888 92, 56-Table showing by county groups

the number of hogs for the five years 1888-92, 56--Table showing by county groups the number

of cattle for the five years 1888-92, 57-Table showing by county groups the number of sheep

for the five years 1888-92, 57--Table showing by county groups the wool clip in 1891 and 1892,

with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92, 58-Table showing by county groups the

number of poultry for the five years 1888-92, 59.

THE APIARY:

REMARKS OF CORRESPONDENTS :

THE DAIRY:

General Review, 60-Table giving statistics for all factories for the ten years 1883-92, 61-Com-

parative table by county groups showing the average statistics per factory for 1891 and 1892,

with a yearly average for the province for the ten years 1883-92, 61-Table by counties, giving

the statistics of creameries, 62.

CHEESE FACTORIES AND CREAMERIES IN ONTARIO:

List of factories in operation in 1892, with name and post office address of the secretary of each

factory, 63-Creameries in Ontario in 1892, 75.

STATISTICS OF LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS : «

77

TABLE 1. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the number of horses and hogs

in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892

78

TABLE II. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the number of cattle in

Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892.

79

TABLE III. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the number of sheep and

poultry in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892

TABLE IV. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the number of horses, cattle,

sheep, hogs and poultry sold in the province of Ontario in the year ending June 30, 1892 ......

TABLE V. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the clip of wool in Ontario in

the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92, also the average

number of pounds per fleece

TABLE VI. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the quantity and value of

cheese made at 710 factories in Ontario in 1892, the average dates of opening and closing, and

the total number of factories reported in operation

PART III-VALUES, RENTS AND FARM WAGES.

VALUES OF FARM PROPERTY :

Comparative table showing by county groups the value of farm lands, buildings, implements and

live stock for the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the province for the eleven

years 1882-92, 85-Values per acre. 86-Rental of leased farms, 87-Value of horses, 88-Value

of cattle, 88-Value of sheep and hogs, 89-Values of poultry and of total live stock by county

groups, 89-Value of live stock per head, 90-Market prices, 91-Value of crops, 92-Crop

values by county groups, 92-Value of produce per acre under crop, 93-Per cent. ratios of

values per acre, 91.

FARM LABOR AND WAGES:

Wages of farm laborers and domestic servants by county groups, 95.

80

81

82

83

94

PAGE

STATISTICS OF VALUES, RENTS AND FARM WAGES :

TABLE 1. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the values of farm land, build-

ings and implements in Ontario in 1891 and 1892........

97

98

TABLE II. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the values of farm live stock

and total farm property in Ontario in 1891 and 1892, also the rent per acre of leased farms as

reported in 1892, with the averages derived for the seven years 1886-92.....

........

99

TABLE III. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the average value per acre

occupied of farm land, buildings, implements and live stock in Ontario for the years 1891 and

1892 ...

100

TABLE IV. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value of horses, milch

cows, other cattle and the total cattle, sheep, hogs and poultry for the year 1892........

TABLE V. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value of live stock sold or

killed in the year ending June 30, 1892....

101

102

.....

TABLE VI. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value per head of the

several classes of horses and cattle in the province for the year 1892, and also the value per

head of all the horses and cattle sold for the same period...

103

TABLE VII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value per head of sheep,

hogs and poultry in the province for the year 1892, aud also the value of each per head sold for

the same period

TABLE VIII. Showing the average price of agricultural products at the leading markets of Ontario

for July-December, 1892, and the average for the half year and for the province

TABLE IX. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value at market prices of

the total crop of fall and spring wheat in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly

average for the eleven years 1882-92..

104

105

TABLE X. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value at market prices of

the total crop of barley and oats in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average

for the eleven years 1882-92 ...

...

TABLE XI. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value at market prices of

the total crop of rye and peas in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average

for the eleven years 1882-92.

TABLE XII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value at market prices of

the total crop of corn (for husking and silo) and buckwheat in Ontario in the years 1891 and

1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92

TABLE XIII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value of market prices of

the total crop of beans and potatoes in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly aver-

age for the eleven years 1882-92..

TABLE XIV. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value at market prices of

the total crop of mangel-wurzels and carrots in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the

yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92...

107

108

109

110

111

112

TABLE XV. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the value at market prices of

the total crop of turnips and hay and clover in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the

yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92
. . 113

TABLE XVI. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the aggregate value of all

field crops in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven years

1882-92; also the value at market price of the total clip of wool in 1891 and 1892, with the

yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92....

TABLE XVII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the market value of crop

per acre of wheat and barley in Ontario in 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the eleven

years 1882-92..

TABLE XVIII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the market value of crop

per acre of oats, rye and peas in Ontario in 1891 and 1892, with the yearly average for the

eleven years 1882-92

TABLE XIX. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the average market value

of crop per acre of corn, buckwheat and beans in Ontario in 1891 and 1892, with the yearly

average for eleven years 1882-92..

.........

TABLE XX. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the market value of crop per

acre of potatoes, mangel-wurzels and carrots in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the

yearly average for the eleven years 1882-92.

114

115

116

117

118

TABLE XXI. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the market value per acre of

turnips, hay and clover and all field crops in Ontario in the years 1891 and 1892, with the yearly

average for the eleven years 1882-92...

119

TABLE XXII. Showing by county municipalities and groups of counties the average wages of farm

laborers and domestic servants in Ontario in 1891 and 1892

120

Months.

ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

ONTARIO BUREAU OF INDUSTRIES.

PART I.

THE WEATHER AND THE CROPS.

THE WEATHER.

While the general quality or natural condition of the soil has a great deal to do with the character and extent of the crop grown upon it, it is apparent that temperature, sunshine, rainfall in the period of growth (and snowfall in winter) have also much to do in determining the success of operations in field, garden and orchard. Hence it is interesting and instructive to examine records of heat and cold, sunlight and cloud, rain, drouth and snow, as presented in the succeeding tables.

TEMPERATURE. The table following shows the temperature from April to September, inclusive, (the growing season for the bulk of our crops) at ten well-distributed stations, the figures being for 1891 and 1892, together with the average for the eleven years 1882 92:

April.

May

....

June...

1892... 38.12 41.45 44.97 41.88 43.14 40.98 39.04 38.16 40.13 35.53 40.34 1891.. 40.50 44.53 47.24 44.81 47.47 43.24 41.93 39.77 42 94 37.30 42.97 1882-92 38.54 42.16 43.45 41.95 43.17 40.91 39.20 37.77 39.81 36.33 40.33

(1892... 50.45 52.44 55.23 52.90 52.91 51.35 51.49 51.87 53.05 50.53 52.22

1891.. 48.00 51.61 56.17 52.75 54.99 51.51 52.10 50.65 53.21 48.40 51.94 1882-92 49.29 53.64 54.96 53.39 53.53 51.84, 52.22 51.64 54.83 50.59 52.59

1892,.. 62.33 66.83 69.33 66.91 67.29 65.04 65.20 64.15 64.77 62.53 65.44 1891.. 62 80, 65.61 70.38 65,63 66 88 64.34 64.69 64.41 66.48 63.10 65.43 1882-92 59.98 64.40 65.54 64.77 65.42 62.81 63.26 62.79 65.44 61.14 63.56

(1892... 65.75 68.18 72.80 68.29 70.82 68.11 67.89 67.48 68.49 65.14 68.29 July......1891.. 61.30 63.44 66.79 63.84 67.70 63.69 62.35 62.73 64.15 61.00 63.70 1882-92 63.72 67.28 68.57 67.76 70 04 67.20 66.14 66.12 68.33 64.18 66.93

August....

(1892... 64.59 66.74 70.32 66.37 69.52 67.36 66.44 66 76 66.49 61.74 66.63 1891.. 63.01 65.70 67.95 65.66 68.08 65.56 64.21 62.57 65.44 59.88 64.81 1882 92 62.73 65.00 65.82 64.93 68.05 65.49 63 61 63.43 65.45 60.93 64.54 1892... 57.29 60.39' 61.93 59.12 63.00 60.10 57.32 58.42 57.58 52.42 58.76 September 1891. 60.31 62.37 64.46 62.54 64.78 62 49 60.78 60.45 61.55 55.55 61.53 1882-92 56.70 59.70 59.62, 58.72 61.21 58.84 56.50 56.67 57.45 53.22 57.86 1892... 56.42 59.34 62.43 59.24 61.11 58.82 57 90 57 81 58.42 54.65 58 61 1891... 55.99 58.88 62.16 59.21 61.65 58.47 57.68 56.76 58.96 54.21 58.40 1882-92 55.16 58.70 59.66 58.59 60.24 57.85 56.82 56.40 58.55 54.40 57.64

Means.

Province

averages.