of the committee. No expenditures shall be made in connection with any such suit in excess of the amount of funds available to the said committee. As used in this resolution, the term "committee" means any standing or special committee of the Senate, or any duly authorized subcommittee thereof, or the Senate members of any joint committee.

[S. Jour. 572, 70-1, May 28, 1928.

SENATE YOUTH PROGRAM

Whereas the continued vitality of our Republic depends, in part, on the intelligent understanding of our political processes and the functioning of our National Government by the citizens of the United States; and

Whereas the durability of a constitutional democracy is dependent upon alert, talented, vigorous competition for political leadership; and

Whereas individual Senators have cooperated with various private and university undergraduate and graduate fellowship and internship programs relating to the work of Congress; and

Whereas, in the high schools of the United States, there exists among students who have been elected to studentbody offices in their sophomore, junior, or senior year a potential reservoir of young citizens who are experiencing their first responsibilities of service to a constituency and who should be encouraged to deepen their interest in and understanding of their country's political processes: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That the Senate hereby expresses its willingness to cooperate in a nationwide competitive high school Senate youth program which would give several representative high school students from each State a short indoctrination into the operation of the United States Senate and the Federal Government generally, if such a program can be satisfactorily arranged and completely supported by private funds with no expense to the Federal Government.

SEC. 2. The Senate Committee on Rules and Administration shall investigate the possibility of establishing such a program and, if the committee determines such a program is possible and advisable, it shall make the necessary arrangements to establish the program.

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SEC. 3. For the purpose of this resolution, the term "State" includes the Department of Defense education system for dependents in overseas areas.

[S. Res. 324, 87-2, May 17, 1962; S. Res. 146, 97-1, July 30, 1981.

78.1 Whereas by S. Res. 324 of the Eighty-seventh Congress, agreed to May 17, 1962, the Senate expressed its willingness to cooperate in a nationwide competitive Senate youth program supported by private funds, which would give representative high school students from each State a short indoctrination into the operation of the United States Senate and the Federal Government generally, and authorized the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, if it should find such a program possible and advisable, to make the necessary arrangements therefor; and

Whereas the Committee on Rules and Administration, after appropriate investigation, having determined such a program to be not only possible but highly desirable, authorized its establishment and with the support of the leaders and other Members of the Senate and the cooperation of certain private institutions made the necessary arrangements therefor; and

Whereas, pursuant to such arrangements, and with the cooperation of and participation by the offices of every Member of the Senate and the Vice President, one hundred and two student leaders representing all States of the Union and the District of Columbia were privileged to spend the period from January 28, 1963, through February 2, 1963, in the Nation's Capitol, thereby broadening their knowledge and understanding of Congress and the legislative process and stimulating their appreciation of the importance of a freely elected legislature in the perpetuation of our democratic system of government; and

Whereas by S. Res. 147 of the Eighty-eighth Congress, agreed to May 27, 1963, another group of student leaders from throughout the United States spent approximately one week in the Nation's Capitol, during January 1964; and

Whereas it is the consensus of all who participated that the above two programs were unqualifiedly successful, and in all respects worthy and deserving of continuance; and

Whereas the private foundation which financed the initial programs has graciously offered to support a similar program during the year ahead: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That, until otherwise directed by the Senate the Senate youth program authorized by S. Res. 324 of the Eighty-seventh Congress, agreed to May 17, 1962, and extended by S. Res. 147, agreed to May 27, 1963, may be continued at the discretion of and under such conditions as may be determined by the Committee on Rules and Administration.

[S. Jour. 196, 88-2, Apr. 16, 1964.

SELECT COMMITTEE ON ETHICS

Resolved, That (a) there is hereby established a permanent select committee of the Senate to be known as the Select Committee on Ethics (referred to hereinafter as the "Select Committee") consisting of six Members of the Senate, of whom three shall be selected from members of the majority party and three shall be selected from members of the minority party. Members thereof shall be appointed by the Senate in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of rule XXIV of the Standing Rules of the Senate at the beginning of each Congress. The Select Committee shall select a chairman of a vice chairman from among its members. For purposes of paragraph 41 of rule XXV of the Standing Rules of the Senate, service of a Senator as a member or chairman of the Select Committee shall not be taken into account.

(b) Vacancies in the membership of the Select Committee shall not affect the authority of the remaining members to execute the functions of the committee, and shall be filled in the same manner as original appointments thereto are made.

(c)(1) A majority of the members of the select committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business involving complaints and allegations of misconduct, including the consideration of matters involving sworn complaints, unsworn allegations or information, resultant preliminary inquiries, initial reviews, investigations, hearings, recommendations or reports, and matters relating to S. Res. 400, agreed to May 19, 1976.

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'Changed from "paragraph 6" as a result of the adoption of S. Res. 274, 96-1, Nov. 14, 1979.

(2) Three members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of the routine business of the select committee not covered by the first paragraph of this subparagraph, including requests for opinions and interpretations concerning the Code of Official Conduct or any other statute or regulation under the jurisdiction of the select committee, if one member of the quorum is a member of the majority party and one member of the quorum is a member of the minority party. During the transaction of routine business any member of the select committee constituting the quorum shall have the right to postpone further discussion of a pending matter until such time as a majority of the members of the select committee are present.

(3) The select committee may fix a lesser number as a quorum for the purpose of taking sworn testimony.

(d) (Repealed by S. Res. 271, 96-1, Oct. 31, 1979.)

(e)(1) A member of the Select Committee shall be ineligible to participate in any initial review or investigation relating to his own conduct, the conduct of any officer or employee he supervises, or the conduct of any employee of any officer he supervises, or relating to any complaint filed by him, and the determinations and recommendations of the Select Committee with respect thereto. For purposes of this subparagraph, a Member of the Select Committee and an officer of the Senate shall be deemed to supervise any officer or employee consistent with the provision of paragraph 11 of rule XXXVII 2 of the Standing Rules of the Senate.

(2) A member of the Select Committee may, at his discretion, disqualify himself from participating in any initial review or investigation pending before the Select Committee and the determinations and recommendations of the Select Committee with respect thereto. Notice of such disqualification shall be given in writing to the President of the Senate.

(3) Whenever any member of the Select Committee is ineligible under paragraph (1) to participate in any initial review or investigation or disqualifies himself under paragraph (2) from participating in any initial review or investigation, another Member of the Senate shall, subject to

2 Changed from "paragraph 12 of rule XLV" as a result of the adoption of S. Res. 274, 96-1, Nov. 14, 1979; further changed from "paragraph 11 of rule XLV" as a result of the adoption of S. Res. 389, 96-2, Mar. 25, 1980.

the provisions of subsection (d), be appointed to serve as a member of the Select Committee solely for purposes of such initial review or investigation and the determinations and recommendations of the Select Committee with respect thereto. Any Member of the Senate appointed for such purposes shall be of the same party as the Member who is ineligible or disqualifies himself.

SEC. 2. (a) It shall be the duty of the Select Committee to

(1) receive complaints and investigate allegations of improper conduct which may reflect upon the Senate, violations of law, violations of the Senate Code of Official Conduct, and violations of rules and regulations of the Senate, relating to the conduct of individuals in the performance of their duties as Members of the Senate, or as officers or employees of the Senate, and to make appropriate findings of fact and conclusions with respect thereto;

(2) recommend to the Senate by report or resolution by a majority vote of the full committee disciplinary action (including, but not limited to, in the case of a Member: censure, expulsion, or recommendation to the appropriate party conference regarding such Member's seniority or positions of responsibility; and, in the case of an officer or employee: suspension or dismissal) to be taken with respect to such violations which the Select Committee shall determine, after according to the individuals concerned due notice and opportunity for hearing, to have occurred;

(3) recommend to the Senate, by report or resolution, such additional rules or regulations as the Select Committee shall determine to be necessary or desirable to insure proper standards of conduct by Members of the Senate, and by officers or employees of the Senate, in the performance of their duties and the discharge of their responsibilities; and

(4) report violations by a majority vote of the full committee of any law to the proper Federal and State authorities.

(b)(1) Each sworn complaint filed with the Select Committee shall be in writing, shall be in such form as the Select Committee may prescribe by regulation, and shall be under oath.