Mr. Wadd as being in the collection of Sir William Musgrave, bart.

Few men have been more esteemed during life than Arbuthnot, none have left behind them a higher character for learning, or for the most elevated social, moral, and religious virtues. The language of eulogy has been well nigh exhausted upon him, and this by some of the wisest and the best of men. He was, in Dr. Johnson's opinion, the first among the eminent writers in queen Anne's reign, and the great lexicographer describes him as "a man of great comprehension; skilful in his profession, versed in the sciences, acquainted with ancient literature, and able to animate his mass of knowledge by a bright and active imagination—a scholar with great brilliance of wit—a wit, who in the crowd of life retained and discovered a noble ardour of religious zeal." "Although," wrote lord Orrery, "he was justly celebrated for wit and learning, there was an excellence in his character more amiable than all his other qualifications, I mean the excellence of his heart. He has shown himself equal to any of his contemporaries in humour and vivacity; and he was superior to most men in acts of humanity and benevolence. His very sarcasms are the satirical strokes of good nature; they are like slaps in the face given in jest, the effects of which may raise blushes, but no blackness will appear after the blow. He laughs as jovially as an attendant upon Bacchus, but continues as sober and considerate as a disciple of Socrates. He is seldom serious, except in his attacks on vice, and then his spirit rises with a manly strength and a noble indignation. No man exceeded him in the moral duties of life, a merit still more to his honour, as the ambitious powers of wit and genius are seldom submissive enough to confine themselves within the limitations of morality." Swift said of him "that he was a man who could do everything but walk;" and Dugald Stewart testifies to Arbuthnot's ability in a department of which he was peculiarly qualified to judge. "Let me add,"

says he, "that in the list of philosophical reformers, the authors of 'Martinus Scriblerus' ought not to be overlooked. Their happy ridicule of the scholastic logic and metaphysics is universally known; but few are aware of the acuteness and sagacity displayed in their allusions to some of the most vulnerable passages in Locke's Essay. In this part of the work it is commonly understood that Arbuthnot had the principal share." Lastly Thackeray characterises him as "one of the wisest, wittiest, most accomplished, gentlest of mankind."

Dr. Arbuthnot was the author of—

On the Laws of Chance, or a Method of Calculation of the Hazards of Game plainly demonstrated. 8vo. Lond. 1692.

An Examination of Dr. Woodward's Account of the Deluge, &c., with a comparison between Steno's philosophy and the Doctor's, in the case of marine bodies dug up out of the earth. 8vo. Lond. 1695.

Tables of Ancient Coins, Weights, and Measures. 4to. Lond. 1727.

An Essay on the Nature of Aliments and the Choice of them, with practical rules of diet in the various constitutions of the human body. 8vo. Lond. 1732.

An Essay on the Effects of Air on Human Bodies. 8vo. Lond. His Miscellaneous Works, with an Account of his Life, appeared in 2 vols., 12mo. Lond. 1770.*

JOHN RAYNER, of Brotherton, co. York, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 22nd June, 1710. One John Rayner, of Brotherton, doubtless our Extra-Licentiate, is said by Thoresby, the local historian and a family connection, to have died in Jamaica, in 1712. He was of a nonconformist family, and the eldest son of Thomas Rayner, gent., by his wife Mary, daughter and co-heiress of Richard Sykes, of Leeds, merchant.†

ROBERT WELSTEAD, A.M., was the son of Leonard Welstead, of Bristol, gent., and on the 4th December, Rose's New General Biographical Dictionary.

+ Information from John Sykes, M.D., of Doncaster, October, 1863.

1689, being then sixteen years of age, was matriculated at St. Edmund hall, Oxford. He was elected demy of Magdalen college, at the "golden election," in 1689, proceeded A.B. 25th June, 1691; A.M. 12th May, 1694; and was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 11th December, 1695. He was then practising at Bristol, where he remained for some years, but eventually removing to London, presented himself before the Censors of the College; and having been re-examined, was admitted a Licentiate 30th September, 1710. He was admitted a fellow of the Royal Society 20th March, 1718, and is said by Dr. Thomson* to have died 1st February, 1735. He was the author of

Tentamen de Variis Hominum Naturis, remediisque ad singulas accommodandis. 8vo. Lond. 1721.

De Ætate Vergente Liber, ad Hugonem Reverendum admodum Episcopum Bristolliensem. 8vo. Lond. 1725.

De Adultâ Etate Liber. 8vo. Lond. 1725.

De Medicinâ Mentis. 8vo. Lond. 1726.

Tentamen alterum de propriis Nature Habitibus et remediis ad singulos accommodatis. 8vo. Lond. 1735.

He also translated—

Longinus on the Sublime. 8vo. Lond. 1712.

BAZALIOL ANGIER, M.D.-A doctor of medicine of Utrecht 27th June, 1703 (D.M.I. De Apoplexia); was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 30th September, 1710.

ARNOLD BOOT BEIRMAN, M.D., was a doctor of medicine of Utrecht, of 12th March, 1695. He was a native of West Friesland; was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1710, and died in March, 1754, aged eighty-one.

WILLIAM FULLWOOD, M.D.-As an undergraduate of Catherine hall, Cambridge, he was, on the 21st February, 1710-11, admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the

* History of the Royal Society. 4to. Lond. 1812, p. 34. VOL. II.

Ꭰ

College of Physicians. He proceeded M.D. at Cambridge, Comitiis Regiis, in 1717.

JAMES AUGUSTUS BLONDELL, M.D.-A Parisian by birth, then twenty-five years old, was entered on the physic line at Leyden, 28th April, 1691, and graduated doctor of medicine there 17th July, 1692 (D.M.I. de Crisibus). He was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 26th March, 1711. He died 5th October, 1734, and was buried at Stepney. He was the author of

The Strength of Imagination of Pregnant Women examined. 8vo. Lond. 1727.

The Power of the Mother's Imagination over the Foetus examined, in answer to Dr. D. Turner. 8vo. Lond. 1729.

And he has some verses prefixed to Morton's Pyretologia.

CLIFTON WINTRINGHAM, was the son of the Rev. William Wintringham, vicar of East Retford, co. York, by his wife Gertrude, the daughter of Clifton Rodes, of Sturton, son of Sir Francis Rodes, of Barlborough, bart. He was baptised at East Retford, 11th April, 1689. He was for some time at Jesus college, Cambridge; but he left the university without taking a degree, either in arts or medicine. He was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 3rd July, 1711; and about that time settled at York, where he practised with the highest reputation and success for more than thirty-five years. He was appointed one of the physicians to the York County hospital in 1746. Dying at York 12th March, 1748, he was buried at St. Michael-le-Belfrey in that city three days later. He had married for his first wife Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Nettleton, of Earls Heaton, co. York, and had by her a son, Sir Clifton Wintringham, bart., an army physician and physician in ordinary to George III., to be mentioned subsequently. The elder Clifton Wintringham, the York physician, made his will 21st Janu

ary, 1746-7, and added a codicil 6th February, 1747–8. It was proved 24th July, 1749. The delay was probably occasioned by his son's continuance abroad: "My son Clifton is at present beyond the seas, attending his Majesty's service."* His published works, which are full of good sense and practical information, are

Tractatus de Podagrâ, in quo plurimæ de ultimis vasis et liquidis et succo nutritio proposita sunt observationes. 8vo. Eboraci. 1714.

A Treatise of Endemic Diseases, explaining the different nature and properties of Airs, Situations, Soils, Water, Diet, &c. 1718.

An Essay on Contagious Diseases, more particularly on the Small Pox, Measles, Putrid, Malignant, and Pestilential Fevers. 8vo. York. 1721.

Observations on Dr. Freind's History of Physick. 8vo. Lond.

1726.

Commentarius Nosologicus, morbos epidemicos et aëris variationes in urbe Eboracensi locisque vicinis per viginti annos grassantes complectens. 8vo. Lond. 1739.

These were collected and published, with large additions and emendations from the original MSS. in two volumes, 8vo. by his son, Sir Clifton Wintringham, M.D., F.R.S., in 1752.

DANIEL TURNER, M.D., was bred a surgeon, and practised in that capacity for several years in London; but having been disfranchised from his company, he was, on the 22nd December, 1711, admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians an honour of which, if we may judge from the dedication of one of his numerous works, he was duly sensible. Not long after his admission as a Licentiate, he obtained the degree of doctor of medicine, but from what university I have not been able to discover. Dr. Turner had some celebrity in his day; but was, as Mr. Wadd, following Grainger, remarks, too fond of displaying his talents upon paper; the result being, that he published many volumes which are now forgotten. "His cases," continues the author of the "Nuga Chirurgica," "are not

* Information from the Rev. C. Best Robinson, of York, and John Sykes, M.D., of Doncaster.