LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 17, 1906. CONTENTS.-No. 116. and Slaie Makers, 209. John, first Baron Maitland, d. 1595 (second son), m. John, first Earl of Lauderdale, d. 1645, m. Isabel, John, fifth Earl of Lauderdale, d. 1710 (second son), m. Margaret, dau. and heir of Alexander Cunningham, tenth Earl of Glencairn. Charles, sixth Earl of Lauderdale, d. 1744, m. Eliza- James, seventh Earl of Lauderdale, d. 1789, m. James, eighth Earl of Lauderdale, d. 1839, m. REPLIES:-Mr. Bradley's 'Highways and Byways in Booksellers' Catalogues. Jotes. THE RIGHT HON. A. J. BALFOUR. IN The Standard of 8 January was recorded the interesting discovery, by the Rev. Walter Crick, vicar of Oving, near Chichester, of a pedigree of Mr. James Maitland Balfour, of Whittingehame, father of the ex-Prime Minister, which showed his descent from King Robert III. of Scotland. I am disposed to think that the III. is a misprint for II., as from King Robert II. the lineage may be traced as follows: Robert II., King of Scotland, d. 1390, m. Elizabeth, Countess of Strathern, dau. of Sir Robert Muir, of Rowland (first wife). Robert, Earl of Menteith and Fife, Duke of Albany, 1420, aged 80, m. Muriella, dau. of Sir William Keith, Marshal of Scotland (second wife). James Maitland Balfour, of Whittingehame, m. Blanche Mary Harriett, dau. of second Marquis of Salisbury. The Right Hon. Arthur James Balfour. Scotland, however, has to share with England the right to claim Mr. Balfour as her countryman; for while, through his grandmother, fifteenth in direct descent from King Robert II. of Scotland, he is also, through his mother, twenty-first in a direct line from Edward I., as set forth below:Edward I., King of England, d. 1307. m. Margaret, dau. of Philip the Bald, King of France (second wife). Thomas de Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, Marshal Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk, 1399, m. John, Lord Elizabeth, m. John, Lord Mowbray. Thomas, Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal and Earl of Nottingham, m. Elizabeth, dau. of Richard Fitzalan, tenth Earl of Arundel and Surrey (second wife). Margaret, m. Sir Robert Howard. Sir John Howard, Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal, Thomas, Earl of Surrey, Duke of Norfolk, 1524, m. James, fourth Earl of Salisbury, 1694, m. Frances, dau. and coheiress of Simon Bennet, Esq. James, fifth Earl of Salisbury, 1728, m. Anne, second dau. of Thomas, Earl of Thanet. James, sixth Earl of Salisbury, 1780, m. Elizabeth, dau. of Edward Keet, Esq. James, first Marquis of Salisbury, 1823, m. Mary Emilia Hill, dau. of Wills, first Marquis of Downshire. James Brownlow William, second Marquis of Salisbury, 1868, m. Frances Mary, dau. of B. Gascoyne, Esq. Blanche Mary Harriett, m. James Maitland Balfour, Esq. The Right Hon. Arthur James Balfour. FRANCIS H. RELTON. 9, Broughton Road, Thornton Heath. ROBERT GREENE'S PROSE WORKS. (See 10th S. iv. 1, 81, 162, 224, 483.) Greene and Lodge. GREENE and Lodge worked together and were friends. Lodge's most interesting piece, to us, is 'Euphues' Golden Legacie (1590), which is a thoroughly Euphuistic prose romance, interspersed with dainty songs, and on which Shakespeare built As You Like It.' It is only with regard to this tract I have to speak of Lodge, who was, as is well known, an unblushing plagiarist, especially of Italian sonnets. Lodge's tract, which may be simply called 'Rosalynd,' is of the same class as Greene's prose tales, but to my thinking it is better told and of more coherent interest than any of Greene's. There is very much of Greene's undoubted writing in 'Rosalynd'-so much so that it is hard to believe that he did not touch it up for the press. It is very odd how his peculiarities come in; sometimes there are expressions that appear only later in Greene, but there are about forty phrases and terms in 'Rosalynd' that cannot readily be paralleled except elsewhere in Greene Greenisms, in fact. They are Euphuistic, but not in Euphues.' It is not satisfactory to attribute them to Lodge's plagiaristic tricks. Lodge says he wrote Rosalynd' while he, "with Captaine Clarke, made a voyage to the islands of Terceras and Canaries to beguile the time" (Shakespeare's Library'). That voyage took place in 1588, and in 1591 Lodge was again on his travels. In that year (1591-2) Lodge and Greene produced A Looking-Glass for London and England,' a powerful drama. It is not at all improbable that Greene may have been entrusted with 'Rosalynd' for publication. In order to enforce this theory I will give a concise list of parallels, the references to Lodge being to Hazlitt's Shakespeare Library.' "Women are wantons, yet man cannot want one," Lodge, pp. 17 and 77.—“ Who was fairer than Venus? but such a wanton as she would never want one," Greene, 'Mourning Garment' (ix. 196), 1590. And again later (x. 245), 1592. "The Hiena when she mournes is then most guileful," Lodge, 19.-"It is proper......to the Hiena to be guileful," Greene, 'Mamillia' (ii. 263), 1583. 66 When the shoares of Lepanthus are most quiet, then they forepoint a storme," Lodge, 16.-" Like the windes that rise in the shoares of Lapanthus," Greene, 'Never too Late" (viii. 16), 1590. And in Menaphon' (vi. 40), 1589, &c. เ Greene, 'Mamillia' (ii. 45), 1583. And in 'Tritameron' (iii. 117). A favourite with Greene. "Taking great gifts for little gods," Lodge, 24.-"Gifts are little gods," Greene, 'Euphues to Philautus' (vi. 350), 1587. But earlier in Lyly's plays. "Love......taking her at discovert stroke so deepe," Lodge, 32. "Cupid......seeing hir now at discovert, drew home to the head, and stroke hir so deepe," Greene, 'Arbasto' (iii. 245), 1584. And in Mamillia,' ii. 189, 255, &c. "Unfortunate Rosalynde, whose misfortunes," &c., Lodge, 33.-A form of soliloquy very characteristic of Greene: iii. 196, 210; iv. 279, &c. "Si nihil attuleris ibis Homere foras," Lodge, 34.-Greene, 'Orpharion' (xii. 80), 1589? And elsewhere in Greene. "Solamen miseris socios habuisse doloris," Lodge, 40. Greene (vi. 45), Menaphon,' "Olim hæc meminisse juvabit," Lodge, 40. -Greene, 'Royall Exchange' (vii. 235), 1590. "You may see (quoth Ganimede) what mad cattel you women be," Lodge, 42.-" And yet women are wylie cattel," Greene, 'Never too Late' (viii. 190), 1590. "By the help of Coridon swapt a bargaine with his Landslord," Lodge, 54.-"We swapt a bargaine," Greene (xi. 19), 1592. "If they passe over your playntes, sicco pede," Lodge, 55.-" But sicco pede past them over," Greene, 'Never too Late' (viii. 28). Constant in nothing but inconstancie," Lodge, 58" Constant in nothing but inconstancie," Greene, 'Penelope's Web' (v. 178), 1587. Perhaps earlier in Lyly's 'Galathea.' "Drawe him out of his memento with a shake by the shoulder," Lodge, 28 (twice) and 74.-From Greene (iii. 128), 1587. "Thou hast with the deere fedde against the winde, with the crabbe strove against the streame," Lodge, 64.-" He found that to wrestle with love was with the crabbe to swimme against the streame, and with the deere to feede against the wind," Greene, Planetomachia' (v. 115), 1585. "There is no sting to the worm of conscience, no hell to a mind toucht with guilt." Lodge, 64.-"The worme of conscience" is in Greene's Philomela,' xi. 168 and 190; and in his Groatsworth of Wit' (xii. 109 and 138), both later than 'Rosalynd.' "In loving mee thou shalt but live by the losse," Lodge, 109.-Several times in Greene. "Otia si tollas, periere Cupidinis arcus,' Lodge, 115.-Quoted by Greene, 'Penelope's Web' (v. 151), 1587, and 'Never too Late" (viii. 52), 1590. "Women's ears are sooner content with a pound of give me than a dram of have me,” Lodge, p. 34. Greene (vi. 263), 1587. But earlier in Lyly's plays. "Women......necessary evils," Lodge, 117. -Greene, Tritameron (iii. 101), 1587. Why but Montanus, quoth Ganimede," Lodge, 124.-"Why but Doralice," and "Why but Gwydonius," in Greene, iii. 247 and iv. 67, &c. "Ganimede rose as one that would suffer no fish to hang on his fingers," Lodge, 127.In Greene's Mamillia' (ii. 85 and 244), 1583, and 'Carde of Fancie' (iv. 140), 1587. And Lodge gives us the Wolves of Syria, Apis indica, the herb Spattania, and several other standard Euphuisms of Greene's. Lodge says he wrote this romance while on board ship. It is hardly likely, but of course it is possible, he had all Greene's tracts with him to make use of, even if he would have stooped to such work. It is much more likely that Greene polished up the tract for the press with his own ornamentation. Greene and De la Primaudaye. At the outset of this survey I referred sufficiently to the work which I shall henceforth merely designate as Primaudaye, its date of appearance being 1586. With the original French (1577) we have nothing to do. La Primaudaye was born circa 1545, of a Protestant family in Anjou. He enjoyed a great reputation in his own time, but he makes no figure in histories of French literature. He resided at Court under Henri III., and was conseiller and maître d'hôtel under Henri IV. The date of his death is unknown. He wrote other works, chiefly of a religious nature. As Primaudaye is the original writer, F put my references to him in the first place, as with Lyly; and though unable to give the exact date of the edition I am referring to, but certain that it is identical, except in pagination, with that of 1586, I give the page-reference as well as the chapter. It is a dumpy quarto, of 812 pages, with a final table of contents of 10 pages; a preliminary 'Epistle Dedicatorie' by the translator, T(homas) B(owes) C. (?), of 5 pages (wherein he designates the work "this Platonical Academie & Schoole of Moral Philosophy"); bers of which it is composed may be so; but the comments thereupon are Greene's own, or rather, in many cases, Primaudaye's, as will appear. On p. 302 there is independent proof of this, for we read: "By this, the Author meaneth, as I gesse," &c. a Latin epistle to T. B. C., which is imperfect; to me that the aphoristic quaternary mema translation of The Author's Epistle Dedicatorie to the King,' also imperfect, but with concluding words "At Barre, in the moneth of Februarie, 1577......Peter de la Primaudaye"; an author's address 'To the Reader' of 4 pages; and a page of contents. There is an entry in the 'Registers of the Stationers' Company (ed. Collier, Shaks. Soc., 1849, vol. ii. p. 198): "1584-5. 6 Julij., Mr. Bishop. Mr. Newbery. Rd. of them, for printinge the French Academye, translated into Englishe by Thomas Bowes......vjd." In the following extracts from Primaudaye the full passages can only be given where they are brief. I shall have to content my self with cross-references in the larger excerpts; but variations of interest may be pointed out. Primaudaye, chap. i. 'Of Man,' p. 15: "Timon the Athenian, detesting......the imbecilitie of man's nature, used and imploied all his skill to perswade his countrimen to abridge......and to hasten their end by hanging themselves upon gibbets which he had caused to be set up in a fielde that he bought for the same purpose."-Greene, 'Farewell to Follie' (Gros., ix. 341), 1591: "Well did Tymon of Athens see the miserie of man's life, when he bought a piece of ground, wherein hee placed gibbets, and spent his time in such desperate Philosophie as to persuade his friends to hang themselves, so to avoide the imminent perilles of innumerable misfortunes." The anecdote is in Plutarch's Life of Antony,' differently told, and referred to in Shakespeare's 'Timon,' V. i. 215, who follows Plutarch. Primaudaye, chap. ix., 'Of Dutie and Honestie,' pp. 100, 101: "Lycurgus after his lawes were given to the Lacedemonians...... at his departure from Lacedemon to go to Delphos, he caused his citizens to sweare and promise that they would keepe his lawes inviolably untill his returne......This done he went to......voluntarie banishment, and commanded that after his death the ashes of his bodie, being burnt should be cast into the wind, that by this means the Lacedæmonians might never be absolved."-Greene, 'The Royall Exchange' (viii. 234-5), 1590: "Lycurgus .....when he had given lawes to the Spartanes, he swore them to keepe his statutes inviolate till his returne from Delphos, whither he banished himselfe; and after his death caused his bones to be burned and the ashes to be throwne into the sea, that they might for ever be tyed to the observing of Lawes." This piece of Greene's is stated to be a translation from the Italian. It appears Primaudaye, chap. x., 'Of Prudence,' p. 114: "Aristippus on a time beheld him [Diogenes] eating coleworts for his supper, he said unto him." Greene, 'Mourning Garment' (ix. 131): "With Diogenes he would eat coleworts, with Aristippus delicates." Primaudaye, chap. xii., p. 129: "Phocion replied......Thy words (quoth he to him), young man and my friend, may fitly be compared to Cypres trees, For they are great and tall, but beare no fruite worth anything."-Greene, 'Penelope's Web' (v. 222), 1587 "Phocion......being demanded of one how he liked her speech: My friend (quoth he), her wordes may be compared to cipres trees that are great and tall, but beare no fruite worth anything." H. C. HART. (To be continued.) ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING MARCH GTH, 1906. without a note in 'N. & Q.,' for in its pages THE Browning celebration should not pass frequent references have been made to the poetess, and the difficulty in definitely fixing the date and place of her birth, which some writers on the centenary seem to imagine has only recently been settled, was solved in N. & Q.' on the 20th of July, 1889 (7th S. viii. 41). The subject formed the first article in the number, the following extract being given from the register of Kelloe parish church, co. Durham : of Edward Barrett Mouldron Barrett, Esq., of "Elizabeth Barrett Mouldron Barrett, first child Coxhoe Hall, a native of St. Thomas's, Jamaica, by his wife, Mary, late Clarke of Newcastle, born March 6th, 1806, and admitted [into the Church] Feb. 10, 1808." On the 24th of February, 1866, an editorial note states (3rd S. ix. 155) that Mrs. Browning commenced her literary career, while still in her teens, by several contributions to the leading periodicals of the day. Her earliest separate works were, An Essay on Mind,' 12mo, 1826, and a translation of the 'Prometheus' of Eschylus, 12mo, 1833." The Editor refers "for a graphic notice of Mrs. Browning" to Miss Mitford's 'Recollections of a Literary Life.' On the Princess Victoria's accession to the throne Mrs. Browning contributed two poems to The Athenæum. The first, entitled 'The Young Queen,' appeared on the 1st of July, 1837; the second, Victoria's Tears,' the following week. On the death of Wordsworth in 1850 The Athenæum suggested that the Laureateship should be conferred on her; and on the 30th of November of the same year a long review of her poems, in quoting the words of Rosalind's scroll" from The Poet's Vow,' states that "the intensity of love was never expressed in a sublimer picture than these last lines present": I charge thee, by the living's prayer, To wring from out thy soul a cry JOHN C. FRANCIS. (To be concluded.) CROMWELL'S BURIAL-PLACE. (See 9th S. xii. 486; 10th S. i. 72.)—There is apparently yet another place which tradition claims as Oliver's tomb. As I have not seen it mentioned before in this connexion, I venture to send to N. & Q.' the quotation recording it. It is contained in an article taken from a recent number (date uncertain) of The Christian World, and sent to me by a friend. The article is written by Lizzie Alldridge, and entitled 'In Search of Dr. Watts.' In referring to Abney Park Cemetery the writer says: "The thirty acres of this great cemetery include the site of another large old house and its grounds, Fleetwood House, once the residence of General Fleetwood and his wife, who was Bridget, the daughter of Oliver Cromwell. This site is to the right of the avenue, and there one summer day, among older and plainer tombstones than those on the Abney, or opposite side, I saw men mowing the long grass, and presently came upon a mound enclosed with an iron rail. The mound itself was covered with ivy, but trimmed so that one could read on a red granite slab the words-This mound was a favourite retirement of the late Isaac Watts, D.D. Tradition says he loved that mound because from it he could see the open country. It is now hemmed in by houses-but the mound is still solitary. Another tradition tells of a rumour current soon after Cromwell's death, to the effect that the Protector's body was not in the coffin that was buried with regal pomp in the Abbey, but had been secretly brought down to his daughter's house and laid to rest where now is the mound." Since writing the above I find that the tradition is recorded in 'Old and New London,' v. 542, and is also mentioned by the Rev. James Branwhite French in his . 'Walks in Abney Park' (1883). On p. 13 he says: "In recent researches in the Nonconformist Memorial Library of New College, by the courtesy of the Principal, I came across the record, It is said to contain the bones of Oliver Cromwell.' I know of no means of verifying this statement." JOHN T. PAGE. ST. WILGEFORTIS. (See Female Crucifixes,' 10th S. iv. 230, 395, 517.)- In 1885 I transcribed and annotated for the Clifton Antiquarian Club a curious deed which I had just discovered among the charters of St. Mary-le-Port, Bristol. In it I found mention of "the Chappell of mayden Uncombre, otherwise called Seynt Wilgefort, lately [1508] builded within the Pissh. Church." Failing at that time to find any sufficient account of the saint, I applied to Bishop Clifford, of Clifton, the then President, who wrote me the letter of which I enclose a transcript. It was printed in full as a note to my paper in the Proceedings of the Club (vol. i. p. 139), but appears worthy of more extensive publication. I was not then aware of any other English example of the cult, but in Chapters in the History of Old St. Paul's,' p. 85, and in St. Paul's and Old City Life,' p. 247, Canon Sparrow Simpson refers to the image of St. Wilgefort as being in the fourth ambulatory on the left as you enter, and gives various particulars of the saint, and of the image being ordered to be taken down in 1538. It does not appear whether there was an altar. There was an altar dedicated to this saint at Chew Stoke (near Bristol), Somerset (Proc. Som. Arch. Soc., xlvii. 54). Prior Park, Bath, Nov. 15, 1884. quiry about Saint Wilgefort or Mayden UnDEAR COL. BRAMBLE, - In answer to your incombre,' I find that her name appears in the July 20. She was honoured in Belgium, Holland, Roman Martyrology as a Virgin and Martyr on Germany, Normandy, and England, under the name of Wilgefort or Oncommer (Outcommene, Outcommer, Ohnkummerus), in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The name occurs in the Salisbury Ordo printed at Paris, 1533, in the litany of the saints, and the same Ordo contains an antiphon and prayer in her honour. She was also (after 1590) that name honoured in Spain, Portugal, Italy, and called Liberata, and was confused with a saint of other parts of France besides Normandy; but this was an error. She was said to have been martyred in Portugal, but the legends about her are late and spurious. find that the German name Ohnkummer is comThis I gather from the Bollandists. There also I posed of the preposition ohnwithout, and the substantive Kummer, which signifies sadness or |