however, would be quite appropriately carried by an angel as a messenger of fame, since it was used to crown the victors in games and conquerors in war; but it is apparently appropriated more generally to the goddess of successful conquest, Victory, who carries a palm branch or a laurel crown. A bas relief on the Arch of Titus represents that emperor in his car at the procession on account of the conquest of Jerusalem, and behind him stands a winged figure of Victory, holding a crown of gold (corona triumphalis), made in imitation of laurel leaves, over the conqueror's head.

J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.

CATALOGUES OF MSS. (10th S. iv. 368, 415, 436, 531) -No argument appears necessary to enforce the importance of the general availability of the Catalogues of the MSS. in the British Museum, especially to students resident in the country, and it is a matter for regret that a larger number of the public libraries have not complete sets of these invaluable publications. MR. MASON refers to the fact that in the list supplied to him by the Museum authorities no price was affixed to the Index to the Additions, 1783 to 1835.' The reason, no doubt, is that the Index in question is not to be acquired at any price. It is a volume issued in 1849, and, if I am rightly informed, only 100 copies were printed. The collections of Cole, Woolley, Burrell, Hayley, Symmes, Bray, Kerrich, Essex, Wood, Banks, Mitchell, and Stepney are all included in this invaluable Index, which runs from the conclusion of the Ayscough Catalogue, No. 5,017 to 10,018, and includes over a hundred of the Sloane collection transferred to the MS. Depart

་

ment after the publication of the Ayscough Catalogue, and not included therein. Some years ago I had to borrow from London a copy of this volume, as no copy was to be found in any of the libraries in Manchester. Since that time, I am happy to say. I have been able to complete my set of the Museum Catalogues by adding this volume. I rather think that there is no printed and published catalogue of some two or three thousand of the Museum MSS., nor any indication in print of their contents, save what this Index affords. It is some time since I worked on these catalogues, but believe that the uncatalogued numbers are between 5,017 and 7,084, or possibly up to 8,220, when the catalogue of acquisitions in 1831 commences. W. A. COPINGER.

Kersal Cell, Manchester.

CAMPBELLS IN THE STRAND (10th S. iv. 509). -No trace is left either of the original "Three Crowns," or of the "Globe" Tavern at the corner of Craven Street, which the "Three Crowns" is, in one instance at least, described as being next door to. In 1683 this "Three Crowns" was the sign of John Wright, haberdasher (‘London Bankers,' by F. G. H. Price), before, of course, the Campbell in question moved to the premises in the Strand afterwards those of Campbell & Coutts. John Campbell died in 1712, but his name was retained, for the firm was styled Campbell & Coutts until 1756, owing to George Campbell, a relative of James, having been taken into partnership by Middleton. In 1756 Campbell & Coutts

were advertised as treasurers for the British

Lying-in Hospital for Married Women, in Brownlow Street, Long Acre (Whitehall Evening Post, 23 Dec.,1756). In Wheatley's London' we are told that Coutts & Co. were established in St. Martin's Lane, in the reign of Queen Anne, by one Middleton, a goldsmith, and John Campbell, a relative of the Duke of Argyll. See also London Bankers,' by F. G. Hilton Price; and Coutts & Co.,' by Ralph Richardson, F.S.A.Scot.

J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.

George Campbell was the Campbell of both Middleton & Campbell and Campbell & Coutts. He was son of John Campbell, of Campbell & Middleton The Week of 20 July, 1870, says he was a cadet of the house of Argyll; but the genealogy of the article is slovenly, and I have been unable to verify, corroborate, or negative the statement. George died s p. His sister Elizabeth married John Peagrum, of Colchester and Knightsbridge, and her daughter married James

Coutts, of London, banker. I think there must be some error about the date 1692, for George Middleton of Campbell & Middleton was only born in 1682. R. R. Stoddart gives the tale of the ten-year old boy taking his future father-in-law into partnership; but, as other statements show, he was prone to listen to garrulous persons.

M. MCGILCHRIST-GILCHRIST.

4, Queen Street, Edinburgh.

celebrated architect, who was born at Hamburg in 1804. One of his principal works was the theatre at Dresden. In consequence of political troubles he came to England, and was made an Associate of the Royal Academy. In May, 1879, he died rather suddenly at Rome. CHR. WATSON.

DUCIEMORE (10th S. iv. 328).—“ Moor" being the Anglo-Saxon mór waste land, or land rendered waste by water, would not Duciemore be merely the moor appertaining to one of the name of Ducie? Although it is not apparent from gazetteers at hand in which county Duciemoor is situated, it is perhaps

name

SEMPER FAMILY (10th S. iv. 487). This occurs very rarely in the English records which I have consulted, and I have not yet seen it once in the Irish. Though the few references found may not relate to the family of Semper of Montserrat, yet it may be worth recording instances of this un

common name.

It is found twice in the Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic,' of Henry VIII. (ed. Brewer and Gairdner):

1. "A book of prests of money in Seland to shipmen by Lelegrave's bidding, and writing for the King's business done per Semper." Various sums paid to shipmen in Zealand by Lelegrave's bidding from 3 Aug. to 15 Sept. To Bowen Adrien at Midilborowe by Wm. Beynam. To Adrian Bos, by Semper and Beynam, 367. 5s. Fl. Each payment is signed by the mark of the receiver. (14 pages.) Date 1530.

2. Certificate by Robert Ross, curate of Watford, Linc. dioc., 18 April, 1537, that he has heard the confession of Katharine Yngram and administered the sacrament to her. Signed in the same hand :-Robertus Semper. (In Latin, small paper, 1 page.) This person is described as "Semper alias Ross in the index.

The next reference is in the Acts of the Privy Council,'" At the Sterre Chambre, the vijth of Maye, 1550." "A warraunt to to paie unto John Sely and Bartholomew Semper lvijli xviij viij due unto them for water cariages in the Kinges Majesties service to the fortificacions of Alderney."

The only other mention of this name which at present I have come across is in Bryan's 'Dictionary of Painters and Engravers,' in which an account is given of G. Semper, a

and a Moreton-in-the-Marsh in North-East Gloucestershire, in which county is Tortworth Hall, the seat of the Earl of Ducie, whose ancestor Matthew Ducie Moreton (son or grandson, apparently, of Sir Robert Ducie, founder of the family) was created, in 1720, Lord Ducie, Baron of Moreton in the county of Stafford. The Tortworth barony was one of subsequent creation to that of Moreton in Staffordshire. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.

"DRINKINGS":"DRINKING TIME" (10th S. iv. 506). Halliwell says of "drinking": "This term is now applied to a refreshment betwixt meals taken by farm labourers." "Leven," "levener," "leven o'clock," "bever," and "lowance" are all used to cover a slight snap in the field, and mean any trivial refreshment taken between regular mealtimes. Then, again, we find "to drink by word of mouth," which often happened at these times. A bottle of beer was carried into the hayfield, and several workers would search for a vessel to pour the precious liquor into, but the search might be unsuccessful ; then it was agreed "to drink by word of mouth"-in other words, to imbibe direct from the orifice in the bottle. This gave the advantage to the one who drank first, more especially if he was accustomed to this mode of swallowing. It did not ensure an equal division of drink to all in the company. The saying has a kind of classic origin, as it was used by Shadwell, who succeeded Dryden as Poet Laureate. W. W. GLENNY.

Barking, Essex.

ANTONIO CANOVA IN ENGLAND (10th S. iv. Lectures on Painting and Design,' by B. R. 448, 518). Your correspondent will find in Haydon, the following notice on p. 224:

"At this crise de la bataille' Waterloo was the departure of the Apollo, &c., for Rome [1815]. won; Canova was sent officially to Paris, to arrange My intimate friend, Hamilton, met Canova at the Duke's in Paris: the Elgin Marbles were often the

topic of talk: Canova was officially coming to thank
the Prince Regent; and on this important visit
rested our only hopes! In November, 1815, Canova
arrived, and was at Burnet's Hotel. Wilkie saw
him first, and, not understanding him, came to the
Student, and declared he did not think highly of
the Marbles: the Student hurried away to the
Foreign Office, where Hamilton was Under-Secre-
tary, and they went to Canova's immediately. After
the ceremonies of introduction were over, he asked
him, 'What do you think of the Marbles?' He
replied they were the finest things on earth, and he
would have walked barefoot from Rome to have
seen them. He added the union of life and idea
was perfect, and that they would overturn the
whole system of form in high art. Hamilton took
him the first time he went to the Marbles: the
Student went with him the second time, and he
(Canova) said he always believed the genuine works
of the Greeks had even more of every-day nature
than we saw in the other ancient works. Backed
as all admirers were thus by Canova, the Govern-
ment began to melt, for the ministers saw they
must become the ridicule of Europe if they obsti-
nately persisted in their indifference, and in the
following year, 1816, a Committee was granted."
In the same volume, on p. 292, is the follow-
ing interesting letter:-

Translation of a Letter from the Cavilier Canova
to the Earl of Elgin.

London, 10th November, 1815. MY LORD,-Permit me to express the sense of the great gratification which I have received from having seen in London the valuable antique Marbles which you have brought hither from Greece. I think that I can never see them often enough, and although my stay in this great capital must be extremely short, I dedicate every moment that I can spare to the contemplation of these cele brated remains of ancient art. I admire in them the truth of nature, united to the choice of the finest forms. Everything here breathes life, with a veracity, with an exquisite knowledge of art, but without the least ostentation or parade of it, which is concealed by consummate and masterly skill. The naked is perfect flesh, and most beautiful in its kind. I think myself happy in having been able to see with my own eyes these distinguished works; and I should feel perfectly satisfied if I had come to London only to view them. Upon which account the admirers of art, and the artists, will owe to your lordship a lasting debt of gratitude for having brought amongst us these noble and magnificent pieces of sculpture; and for my own part I beg leave to return you my own most cordial acknowledgments; and

I have the honour to be, &c.,

CANOVA. In 'The Life and Writings of Henry Fuseli, Esq., M.A.R.A.,' vol. i. p. 313 (published 1831), is a reference to Canova :

:

"Canova visited England in the summer of 1816, and was then very much struck with the pictures, as well as pleased with Fuseli's society. This eminent sculptor remarked that he not only showed the brilliancy of genius in his conversation, but that he spoke Italian with the purity of a welleducated native of Rome."

In the life of Roubiliac by Allan Cunning

ham are the following remarks by Canova upon the statue of Eloquence by Roubiliac on the monument to the memory of the Duke of Argyle in Poets' Corner, Westminster Abbey :

stood before it full ten minutes, muttered his "He [Canova] was so struck with its beauty, he surprise in his native language-passed on, and returning in a few minutes said, 'This is one of the noblest statues I have seen in England.'" Canova was very friendly with Sir Francis Chantrey, and greatly appreciated his work, and when he returned to Italy he sent Sir Francis Chantrey a colossal bust of himself. This bust, after Chantrey's decease, was purchased by my master, Edwin Smith, sculptor, and is now in the Museum, Weston Park, Sheffield. I believe Canova exhibited his statue of Terpsichore in Academy at the same time as Sir Francis the Royal Chantrey exhibited his beautiful group of "The Sleeping Children.'

In Flaxman's lectures on sculpture there is an interesting address on the death of Canova. CHARLES GREEN.

18, Shrewsbury Road, Sheffield.

ROLL OF CARLAVEROCK (10th S. iv. 529).There are at least two English translations of this. The most recent is that published, with notes, by T. Wright, 1864; but the earlier edition of the Anglo-Norman verse, with an English translation by Sir Harris Nicolas, 1828, is valuable for the biographical notices of the personages mentioned by the poet. JAS. PLATT, Jun.

The Antiquarian Repertory (1779), vol. ii. pp. 107, &c., gives a version from the Cottonian MS. (Caligula A. xviii.).

JOHN RADCLiffe. [MR. F. G. HALEY and MR. R. O. HESLOP also thanked for replies.]

TWIZZLE-TWIGS (10th S. iv. 507).-This name for the jointed rush is known in the Midlands- generally, I should branches twisted on say. Small together, and other things in a state of contrees are twizzled

fusion are twizzled" or "ravelled."

Worksop.

THOS. RATCLIFFE.

There is a Yorkshire hamlet called Wigtwizzle, ten miles north-west of Sheffield. The name has been variously spelt since the time of Edward I. The following are samples: Wygestwy sell (1280), Wytwisle (1329), Wiggetwisell (1638), Twigtwizell (in Bradfield parish register, 1707), Wihtwizzle (Ordnance Survey, 1891). Is it possible that the name is in any way connected with the