11-13: Lake Superior, Wis., Teachers' Association. Miss Bertha J. Bauer, Superior, secretary.

12-13: Lake Superior Teachers' Association, Superior, Wisconsin. Ashley T. Conrad, Superior, president; Miss Agnes E. Bury, vice-president; Miss Bertha J. A. Bauer, secretary; R. Quick, treasurer. 12-13: Illinois School Masters' Club. 18-20: Illinois State Teachers' Association, Western Division. Galesburg.

18-20: Illinois State Teachers' Association, Illinois Valley Division. Ottawa.

19-20: Western Wisconsin Teachers' Association. W. H. Saunders, La Crosse, secretary.

19-20:

Northwestern

Wisconsin Eau Claire. Miss Mabel Ahlstrum, Eau Claire, Secretary.

Teachers' Association.

24-27: Washington Educational Association. Spokane. O. C. Whitney, Bryant School, Tacoma, Wash., secretary.

29-31: Colorado Education Association, Western Division, Grand Junction, Miss Agnes Young, Montrose, secretary.

1-November 2: Minnesota Educational Association. Minneapolis. C. C. Baker, Albert Lea, president; E. D. Pennell, East High School, Minneapolis, secretary.

31-November 2: Colorado Education Association, Southern Division, Pueblo. Lemuel Pitts, Jr., Pueblo, secretary. 31-November 2: North Dakota Educational Association. Bismarck. E. R. Edwards, Jamestown, president; W. E. Parsons, Bismarck, secretary.

NOVEMBER.

1-3: Colorado Education Association, Eastern Division. Denver. James H. Kelley, Gunnison, president; H. B. Smith, Denver, secretary general association.

13: Iowa State Teachers' Association. Sixty-third annual session, Des Moines. Eva M. Fleming, superint'ndent, Decorah, president; Superintendent O. E. Smith, Indianola, secretary.

2: Essex County, Mass., Teachers Association. Tremont Temple, Boston. Superintendent William F. Eldredge, Rockport, president; John H. Bosshart, Salem, secretary.

8-10: Kansas State Teachers' Association. Topeka W. H. Johnson, Lawrence, president; F. L. Pinet, Topeka, secretary.

12-16: Newcastle County Teachers Institute, A. I. Dupont High School. Kent and Sussex Counties, at Milford. State Institute for Colored Teachers at Milford. Charles A.

and

New

Wagner, State Commissioner of Education, Dover, Delaware, chairman committee on arrangements. 15-17: Missouri State Teachers' Association. Kansas City. President, Ira Richardson, Maryville; secretarytreasurer, E. M. Carter, Colt-nbia. 15-17: Joint meeting: England Association of School Superintendents, Massachusetts Superintendents Association, American Institute of Instruction Massachusetts Teachers Association. Boston. 26-28: Virginia Educational ence. Richmond. State Teachers' Association, William C. Blakey, Richmond, secretary; State Cooperative Education Association, J. H. Montgomery, Richmond, secretary; Association of Division Superintendents, Superintendent F. B. Fitzpatrick, Bristol, secretary; Association of Trustees, M. C. McGhee, secretary.

Confer

26-28: New York State Teachers' Association. Syracuse. Herbert S. Weet, Rochester, N. Y., president. 26-28: Wyoming State Teachers' Association. Buffalo, Wyo.

26-28: Maryland State Teachers' Association Baltimore City. Sydney 9. Handy, president; Hugh W. Caldwell, Elkton, secretary.

26-28: Montana State Teachers' Association. Helena. Dr. H. H. Swain, Helena, secretary. 29-December 1: North Carolina State Teachers' Assembly. Charlotte A. T. Allen, Salisbury, president; N. W. Walker, Chapel Hill, vicepresident; E. E. Sams, Raleigh, sec

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:

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of the college year will be postponed from Sept. 26 until Oct. 10 to accommodate those students now engaged in food conservation work. The letter also announces that intercollegiate athletic activities will be abandoned for the duration of the war.

MASSACHUSETTS.

CAMBRIDGE. Because of the large number of students who have enlisted from Harvard, and because of other distractions of war, the rule of the faculty which requires every freshman to submit a plan of their remaining three years of work, during the Summer months, has been greatly interfered with.

The noticeable feature in the lists sent in is the small number who have chosen to study the German language, as only ten have chosen this subject. This is a greatly decreased number over the usual list. Most of the freshmen have elected English courses during the remainder of their courses at Harvard, although sixty-four have chosen chemistry courses and sixty-three economics.

The statistics on other freshman courses chosen is: Romance languages, 50; government, 35; engineering sciences, 29; history, 25; mathematics, 19; classics, 14; biology, 7; fine arts, 6; geology, 6; physics, 5; music, 5; philosophy, 5; Semitic, 3.

Harvard has abandoned its fall football schedule and as a result has brought criticism from a few smaller colleges which hope to keep up the athletic programs.

BOSTON. The death of James A. Beatley of the English High School at his summer home Boothbay Harbor, Maine, on July 11, removes a man of exceptional ability as a leader of high school boys through an orchestra which has for a third of a century been a feature of Boston schools. Though the membership changed each year it was always playing on various public occasions.

NATICK. Edgar L. Willard, superintendent, is very ardently engaged in patriotic service. Here the Junior Red Cross movement was started by Miss Cummings, supervisor of sewing. Other activities may be recorded as: Enlisted under the Volunteer Food Production movement, 36, Superintendent Willard, director. Of these 31 seniors of the high school left school for work May 1st but graduated with their class. There are forty boys cultivating in all eight acres and 500 others have good home gardens all under the supervision of Nathaniel Phillips, Principal of the Eliot School. Mr. Phillips is employed at his regular salary rate by the Natick Trust Company, and paid by them as one of their many generous contributions to the national cause.

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WORCESTER. Miss Anabel C. Roe, whose father, Alfred S. Roe, at the time of his death was supervisor of night schools in Worcester, has been appointed to the faculty of the Worcester State Normal School. Miss Roe will be the teacher of children's literature, story-telling and methods of teaching literature to children.

CONNECTICUT.

an

ap

from

Fox, HARTFORD. Michael D. ninth grade teacher in the Alfred E. Burr School, has accepted pointment as district superintendent of the Washington Street School. NEW HAVEN. Reports the entering classes at Yale make it certain that there will be no material decrease in the number of students who will form the classes which come into the two undergraduate departments, the academic and the Sheffield Scientific School, in September. It has been feared that the war would severely cut down the entering classes in both these departments, but it is now evident that the diminution in Yale student numbers the coming year will be largely in the upper classes.

In the Sheffield Scientific School the number who registered for final to enter examinations, intending

a

Yale this fall, was fully as large as that of a year ago, and the number who took preliminary examinations, intending to enter the university in 1918, was much larger. This is sign which is regarded at the university as encouraging in the extreme. There were 377 members in the "Sheff" freshman class last year and it was reported at the office of the school today that this number

Own

opening of the Summer School a few days ago. Though the BinetSimon test is used in the process it is quite as hard to convince mothers their children are normal, as it ordinarily is to convince them their children are dull.

The school is used for the laboratory work of the training school for teachers, and is limited to ninety children, ranging in age from six to fourteen or fifteen years. The children are graded according to mentality.

ALBANY. New York's latest educational activity in providing military instruction for 1,800 school boys during their summer vacation period furnishes a striking incident in the development of the State school system.

Up to the time of the Civil War the subject of education in State schools received but little attention. Between 1795 and 1825, according to the records in State Comptroller Travis' office, the State contributed less than $1,000,000, or about onefifth of the total amount furnished during that period by the localities, two-thirds of the entire cost being borne by individual contributions. The State's first expenditure for the support of schools OCcurred in 1795, when $50,000 was appropriated.

common

School

no

Although the Common Fund was established in 1805, made from this payments were source until 1816. Upon the establishing of the United States Deposit this Fund in 1837, portions of money were distributed among the counties. Another fund, called the "Literature Fund," was created in

ESTABLISHED 1869

July 26, 1917

SPRINGFIELD,

MILES C. HOLDEN, President

MASSACHUSETTS

1790, and the income from this, together with an amount transferred from the revenue of the United States Deposit Fund, is still apportioned to academies upon the basis of the number of students successful in Regents' examinations.

for the

The expenditures made common schools have grown enormously in recent years, the proportion made by the State having decreased from about one-third of the total in 1870 to one-quarter in 1915. The total expended in 1850 amounted to $1,700,000; in 1880, $10,000,000, and in 1915, about $90,000,000. Of this vast sum, however, only about $6,000,000, or less than one-twelfth, was appropriated by the State. This amount is apportioned among about 12,000 school districts on the basis of the school term, attendance and population.

ELMHURST. The high school and the entire community has had a terrible experience in the tragic death of Miss Edith N. Putney of the high school and three high school girls by drowning while in a girls' camp at Leonardo, N. J. Miss Putney was a skilful swimmer but she undertook too much and all four were drowned. No more heroic act was ever undertaken. She could have saved herself at any time but she would not.

BINGHAMTON. Superintendent D. J. Kelly is preparing a new system of school reports which will be placed in the home of every parent. Each of the departments of the schools will be taken up in turn and treated in such a manner that every taxpayer can assimilate it in a brief perusal. The reports will be printed by the Industrial Arts Department of the high school and given to the pupils for distribution among the homes.

The first of these treats of the English branch of the Binghamton public schools, and in it Mr. Kelly says in part:

"Strange to say, parents are much concerned about how their children look and act, yet as a rule are indifferent as to how they think and talk. It is no wonder, then, that many children regard the proper use of our mother tongue as something peculiar or unusual, and that slovenly English has become the

rule of the times. The habitual use of slovenly expression leads inevitably to slovenly thinking.

"For a generation or more, English has been disregarded in the homes, while the schools have treated it in a most perfunctory manner, placing emphasis only on the technicalities involved, thus making it largely a course in mental gymnastics with but little if any consideration given its importance as a source of power.

"In the Binghamton schools this has been approached as a leading educational problem. During the past five years we have endeavored to vitalize the subject," and he proceeds to tell how.

NEW JERSEY. ENGLEWOOD. A new high school building, a splendid plant, is to be opened here in the Fall, and with its opening Superintendent Elmer C. Sherman plans many progressive steps.

PENNSYLVANIA.

UNIONTOWN. The Uniontown Board of Education has elected Charles M. McCune, former principal of the high school, as superintendent of schools, to succeed F. W. Wright, who resigned the position to accept that of Deputy Commissioner of Education of Massachusetts.

SLIPPERY ROCK. Dr. J. Linwood

Eisenberg, for the past four years superintendent of the public schools of Chester, succeeds to the principalship of the Slippery Rock State Normal School. Professor I. N. Moore has been acting principal since the retirement of Dr. Albert E. Maltby last June.

tion:

Resolved, (1) That we strongly recommend that all possible efforts be made to prevent the efficiency of the State and Nation from being impaired by absence of students from school and college when such absence is not absolutely necessary to the best interests of the country.

(2) That we recommend the continued enforcement of our present excellent Child Labor and Attendance Laws in the interest of the children of our state; but that we recommend that the State Superintendent use his discretionary power to modify temporarily their forcement if at any time the public welfare should demand such action.

en

(3) That the annual school term in each district be made as long as financial conditions and local needs will permit, and that the date of opening, where terms are ten (10), nine (9), or eight (8) months in length be fixed during the first week of September, and in all other districts during the third week of September; and that the period of compulsory attendance be made as long as local conditions will permit.

(4) That a central bureau, preferably controlled by the Department of Public Instruction, be authorized to act as house" for the location of available a "clearing teachers, and that all superintendents of the State be urged to aid in this work.

(5) That the Government be urged to consider the advisability of exempting from the draft such trained instructors in departments of our vocational schools as cannot be replaced by others not subject to such draft.

(6) That we urgently endorse all wise efforts to conserve the food

Boston, Mass., 2-A Park Street New York, N. Y., 156 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, Pa., 549 Union Arcade

July 26, 1917

production of the country by their labor, but enough to affect it immensely by their directive when their college courses have been power

AGENCIES finished.

Portland, Ore., 514 Journal Bldg.
Berkeley, Cal., 2161 Shattuck Ave.
Los Angeles, Cal., 533 Cit. Bk. Bldg

colleges with regular army officers. Those then on such detail were relieved at the end of the school year. It was the intention at the time to replace the regular army officers by officers on the retired list, but because of the shortage of officers the majority of the eligible retired officers soon were detailed to active duty in other positions. The department believes that it will be possible to send only a few retired officers to educational institutions when the colleges open in the fall, but they think that retired officers will be available by early winter. Consequently, the desire that the schools continue their courses from the first of the session. Invalided officers back from the front will be sent to the schools, as will Canadian and French officers back from France.

Suggestions for a program of school activity for different types of educational institutions during the war have been issued by Dr. Claxton, 'Commissioner of Education. After pointing out that attendance laws should be enforced as usual, Dr. Claxton says:

"Parents should be encouraged to efforts make all possible keep to their children in school and should have public or private help when they cannot do so without it. Many young children will lack the home care given them in times of peace, and there will be need of many more kindergartens and Montessori schools than we now have.

"The attendance in the high schools should be increased, and more boys and girls should be induced to remain until their course is completed. A school year of four terms of twelve weeks each is recommended for the high schools, as for the elementary schools. In the high schools adopting this plan arrangements should be made for half-time attendance, cording to the Fitchburg, Cincinnati and Spartanburg, S. C., plans for as large proportion of pupils as possible. All laboratories and manual-training shops in high schools should be run at their full capacity. In many of the shops work should be done which will have immediate value for the national defence.

ac

"In all high schools in which domestic science (sewing, cooking, sanitation, etc.) is taught, large units of time should be given in the summer and fall to sewing for the Red Cross and for local charities. Classes for grown-up women should be formed in which practical instruction can be given largely by lecture and demonstration in the conservation and economic use of of food.

"For all boys and girls who cannot attend the day sessions of the high schools, continuation classes should be formed, to meet at such times as working may be arranged during hours or in the evening. All cities should maintain evening schools for

adult men and women. In cities having considerable numbers of immigrants, evening schools should be maintained for them with classes in English, in civics, and such other subjects as will be helpful to these foreigners in understanding our industrial, social, civic and political life. "In few states is the supply of broadly educated and well-trained teachers equal to the demand. The normal schools should double their energies and use all their funds in the most economic way for the work of preparing teachers. Appropriations for the support of normal schools should be largely increased, as should also the attendance of men and women preparing for service teachers.

as

"The number of students in colleges, universities and technical schools should increase rather than diminish. Many of the older and upper class men will volunteer for some branch of the military service, but all young men below the age of liability to selective draft and those not recommended for special services should be urged to remain and take full advantage of the opportunities offered by the colleges, universities and technical schools, to the end that they may be able to render the most effective service in the later years of the war and the times of need that will follow. Practically all women students should remain, and all boys and

girls graduating from high schools should be urged to enter college, tech

nical school or normal school.

to

to

"All students should be made understand that it is their duty give to their country and to the world the best and fullest possible measure of service, and that both will need more than they will get of that high type of service which only men and women of the best education and Patriotism training can give. and the desire to serve humanity may require of these young men and women the exercise of that very high type of self-restraint that will keep them to their tasks of preparation until the time comes when they can render ser

vice which cannot be rendered by

others.

their

on

"No college, university or technical school that can avoid it should permit its faculty or student body to be scattered or its energies to be dissipated. All should redouble energies and concentrate them those things that will be of most service during the progress of the war and which will prepare their students for the most effective service of the country and of the world when the war is over."

The Week in Review

Continued from page 101.

policy was embarked upon finds the weekly submarine toll greatly diminished. Yet the destruction of mercantile shipping is large enough to make new shipbuilding on large scale imperative. GERMAN

was able

a

MERCHANTMEN

CAPTURED.

were

were

That the hazards to commerce are not wholly on one side is indicated by the fate which overtook a fleet of fourteen German merchant ships this week a few miles off the Dutch coast. British destroyers sighted them on their way from Rotterdam, and fired warning signals which were disregarded. The destroyers then pursued and attacked them, and, of the fourteen ships, not one to proceed. Eight stranded, two of them in flames; and captured or sunk; three three succeeded in putting back to Rotterdam. All of the ships were loaded with supplies for Germany, the loss of which will be keenly felt. Trade with Scandinavia has been one of the principal sources of supplies for Germany. It will now have to encounter not only such risks as that of attack en route, but the curtailment of indirect shipments from America, through the operation of the export embargo which aims especially to prevent the shipment of supplies to Germany through neutral countries.

"A BLOW IN THE BACK.""

While the Russian troops, fighting in Galicia, have done splendid service in their recent offensive, capturing nearly 40,000 prisoners and large quantities of guns and war material since the 1st of July, it is distressing to find that the forces of are still so anarchy and misrule strong at Petrograd as to threaten the overthrow of the provisional government. Three of four of the

re

"In agricultural colleges special intensive courses should be given to members of the Cabinet have prepare teachers, directors and super- signed, an act which Minister of visors of agriculture and practical War Kerensky, hurrying back from farm superintendents. It should be the front where he had personally remembered that the scientific knowl- led the attack on the Teuton lines, edge and the supervising and direct- justly describes as "a blow in the ing skill of these men and their abil- back." There has been fighting on ity to increase the productive capacity the streets in Petrograd, and the of thousands of men of less knowl- soldiers who led the revolt have deedge and skill are far more valuable clared for the overthrow of the than the work they can do as farm provisional government, the confishands. The total number of agri- cation of the newspapers, and the cultural students in all colleges is only seizure of all factories, land and a fraction more than one-tenth of other sources of production. The one per cent. of the total number of carrying out of any such programme persons engaged in agriculture, or spells anarchy in large letters. The about thirteen in 10,000--not enough final outcome of this upheaval will to affect materially the agricultural be awaited with grave anxiety.