EDUCATIONAL NEWS * This department is open to contributions from anyone connected with schools or school events in any part of the country. Items of more than local interest relating to any phase of school work or school administration are acceptable as news. Contributions must be signed to secure insertion. 14-15: Central Kansas Teachers Association. Hutchinson. 15-16: Southern Wisconsin Teachers Association. Madison. 21-23: Northeastern Oklahoma Educational Association. Superintendent J. Norwood Peterson, president, Tahlequah. Place undecided. 21-23: Southeastern Oklahoma Educational Association. McAlester. Superintendent J. P. Battenberg, Atoka, president; Superintendent M. A. Nash, Idabel, Secretary. 21-23: National Society for the Promotion of Industrial Education, Washington, D. C. Miss May Allinson, 140 West 42d street, New York City, assistant secretary. -22: Southwestern Oklahoma Educational Association. Hobart. Superintendent R. M. Caldwell, Mangum. Oklahoma, president; John W. Bremer, Weatherford, tary. Northwestern Oklahoma Educational Association. Alva. James W. Rackley, Pond Creek, president; Miss Minnie Shockley, Alva, secretary. secre 22-23: East Central Oklahoma Educational Association. Ada. Superintendent John T. Hefley, Henryetta, president; Miss Nora R. Hill, Sulphur, secretary. 25-March 1: Department of Superintendence, N. E. A. Atlantic City, N. J. Thomas E. Finegan, Albany, N. Y., president. MARCH. 4-6: Religious Education Association. Atlantic City. Headquarters 332 South Michigan avenue, Chicago. 28-30: West Tennessee Teachers Association. Memphis. W. E. Vaughan, president. JUNE. 30 to July 6: National Education Association. Pittsburgh, Penn. Mrs. M. C. C. Bradford, Denver, president: J. W. Crabtree, 1400 Massachusetts avenue, Washington, D. C., secretary. NEW ENGLAND STATES. MAINE. BRUNSWICK. No. degrees will be given to Bowdoin students who have not completed the requisite amount of work. The only exception to this will be that if men are called to the colors after completing more than half a semester they may take special examinations and receive credit for the semes ter's work. This will mean that the men who left for military service last summer and this fall will not receive degrees next June, and will not be graduated by the college unless they return and actually complete the required work. NEW HAMPSHIRE. CONCORD. Nearly half the boys of Concord High School agreed to work during the holiday recess in nearby lumber camps, in order to relieve to some extent the fuel shortage in this vicinity. VERMONT. MIDDLEBURY. President John M. Thomas of Middlebury College shouldered an axe and led faculty members and students to the mountains for the Christmas vacation period, to cut timber and relieve the fuel shortage. on Middlebury College owns 25,000 acres of forest land. President Thomas offered every man in the college a wood-cutting job at regular wages. He provided lodging by reopening a summer hotel Broad Loaf Mountain. Although the country about Middlebury is thickly wooded, firewood is scarcer here than coal, as no labor can be found to go into the forests. PROCTOR. A high school building of the most approved type, a capacious one-story structure with a large wing at each end of the main part of the building, was dedicated December 19. and Superintendent W. A. Beebe, Principal Henry Hall and the Parent Teachers Association received hundreds of guests. State Commissioner Milo B. Hillegas was one of the speakers. ary benefit as is possible to be applied to the various groups with their several needs and desires. With the superintendent, the school committee and the teachers working together an early and satisfactory adjustment is probable. A new organization, the Boston Principals' Association, has been formed and has started propitiously as a constructive force. The following officers were elected: President, Charles W. Parmenter, head master, Mechanic Arts High School; vice-president, Joseph B. Egan, master, Harvard School; secretary, Joshua Q. Litchfield, master, Agassiz School; treasurer, Walter J, Phelan, master, Warren School; councilors, Wallace G. Boyden, head master, Normal School; Emma S. Gulliver, master, Dillaway School; Raymond G. Laird, head master, clerical school; Louis P. Nash, master, Elihu Greenwood School; George A. Smith, master, Mather School. The membership is limited to the principals of the Boston public schools, together with the superintendent and assistant superintendents as honorary mem hers. RHODE ISLAND. PROVIDENCE. Summarizing an urgent plea for salary increases for teachers, made before the City Council, Superintendent Isaac O. Winslow said: "The general reasons for the need of an increase in the salaries of the teachers of Providence may be briefly summarized as follows: It is a generally accepted proposition that the salaries of teachers everywhere are lower than they should be in consideration of the nature and importance of the calling in which they are engaged. "The purchasing power of money has been so much reduced in recent years that if the salaries of teachers were not too high a few years ago they are far too low at present. "Proper comparisons indicate that salaries in Providence are below the average of other corresponding cities. "Unless the attraction of higher salaries can be provided the standards of excellence in the teaching The force must rapidly decline. tendency has already become very percentible. As a rule the most capable and desirable of the members of the classes of high school graduates find immediate opportunities in other callings more attractive than the prospect of several years of further training and waiting for the compensation that the schools are offering. "One of the urgent pleas in the present drive for national patriotism is the injunction to maintain the standards of training in the Rules of Publication Date of Expiration.-The date on the label of your paper indicates the time when your subscription expires. Discontinuances.-Subscriptions are not discontinued at their expiration. It is our wish to extend reasonable credit to subscribers who are busy and may not remit on the exact day a subscription expires. Change of Address.-Subscribers must notify us of any change in their address, giving both the former and present address, otherwise they are responsible for the paper if sent to a former address until ordered stopped, or address changed. How to Remit.—To secure safety, it is important that remittances should be made by checks, drafts, post-office orders, express money orders, or registered letters, made payable to the publishers. Receipts. Remittances are acknowledged by change of date following the subcriber's name on the paper. Should such a change fail to appear on the label on the second issue after the date of remittance, subscribers should notify us at once. Missing Numbers.-Should a number of the Journal of Education fail to reach a subscriber, he will confer a favor upon the Publishers by notifying us of the fact, upon receipt of which notice the missing number will be sent. We guarantee a full year's subscription. All Letters pertaining to the Editorial department and all communications for the pages of the Journal of Education should be addressed to A. E. Winship, Editor. All letters pertaining to the business management of the Journal of Education should be addressed to the Publishers. New England Publishing Company Publication Office 6 Beacon Street, Boston Nervous Headache indicates that the nerve centres lack phosphatic elements Nervous headache is a definite symptom of nervous exhaustion. It is brought on by a poverty of the vital, phosphatic elements, without which, nerves and brain cannot properly perform their functions. The obvious way to secure relief is to replace the phosphates which have been depleted. For this purpose, Horsford's Acid Phosphate is an efficient preparation. It furnishes the phosphatic salts containing the same elements as those found in the bodily system. Nonalcoholic, free from habit-forming drugs, and immediately beneficial-for Horsford's Acid Phosphate supplies the vital phosphates in a form readily assimilated Sold by Druggists Send for Free Booklet RUMFORD CHEMICAL WORKS, Providence, R. I. 146 6-16 gurated at New York University. Five knitting machines have already been ordered, and as soon as they arrive both men and women of the student body and faculty will be instructed in sock knitting. A pound of wool makes four pairs of socks, according to Dr. Aristine P. MunnRecht, Dean of Women. Dr. MunnRecht has set the pace for 1,200 pairs by the first of the new year. The work of instruction will be given in the School of Pedagogy, under the New York University War Relief Committee, which has been organized with Mrs. Elmer Ellsworth Brown, wife of the Chancellor, as president. The committee will keep New York University boys at the front, both in France and in the home camps, supplied with comfort necessities. There are over 600 now in active military service. Sweaters, mufflers, helmets and wristlets will also be supplied, though as yet these will have to be made by hand. Dr. Henry Dwight Chapin, head of the children's division of the Post-Graduate Hospital. declares that 110,000 out of the 1,000,000 public and parochial school children in this city are undernourished and in need of attention. The condition of 590.000 others is only "passable," he adds. Dr. Chapin attributes much of the mal-nutrition to war prices and urged co-ordination of all relief agencies to see that the children have sufficient food. Before official action had caused dismissal of the three teachers under disloyalty charges, the High School Teachers' Association adopted the following: "Whereas, it is reported that some teachers in our high schools have encouraged, aided and abetted strikes by pupils against the authority of the principals and the superintendents and of the board of education; and "Whereas, it is alleged that certain teachers are propagating among their pupils doctrines of internationalism by which loyalty to the government of the United States is made of secondary importance and love of the flag a matter of no importance; therefore, be it "Resolved, That it is the opinion of the High School Teachers' Association that any teacher who aids and encourages pupils to defy school authorities and discipline is a disgrace to his calling and false to his professional duties, and that any teacher who, accepting his livelihood at the hands of the government, uses imposition to undermine the authority of the government is a dishonest and deceitful person and totally unfit to be a member of the teaching profession." A demand that instructors in the schools take an oath of loyalty to the government was made in resolutions adopted by the American Rights League, of which George Haven Putnam is president. NEW JERSEY. TRENTON. "We must pay teachers larger salaries if we are to continue to command for teaching service the kind of men and women ESTABLISHED 1869 TEN MONTHS OF HARD USAGE Will Be Given Every Text Book in Your Schools HOLDEN BOOK COVERS THE ONLY ONE-PIECE, DURABLE, WATER- THE HOLDEN PATENT BOOK COVER COMPANY SPRINGFIELD, MILES C. HOLDEN, President MASSACHUSETTS the schools should have," says State Commissioner of Education Calvin N. Kendall, in his annual report to the state board of education. He shows that the total number of teachers in the state who received less than $500 a year in 1916-1917 was 905. The year before the number was 985, and in the term prior to that there were 1,030 teachers in this class. In day schools throughout the state salaries for the past six years were as follows by averages: 1912, $780.83; 1913, $816.38; 1914, $851.42; 1915, $861.86; 1916, $872.34; 1917, $895.69. In this connection commissioner said that these average salaries are effected by the relatively high rate paid in most of the larger cities. The Jersey City schedule of salaries is, for example, $744 for the beginning teacher, rising to $1,320 as a maximuni. Particular attention to the average salaries paid in the oneroom schools of the state is drawn by the report. The averages in these schools follow: For men for the years 1912 to 1917, the averages follows: respectively as were $500.25, $519.87. $520.25, $522.72, $553.32, $552.02. For women through the same years as follows: $442.88, $455.56, $468.56, $477.19, $481.42, $497.72. "There has been, so far as the department of public instruction knows, no evidence of disloyalty or sedition in the schools of the state. Their support of the government is apparently positive and patriotic, as it should be," says Dr. Kendall. In this connection he said that no high school teachers should fold the cloak of so-called "academic freedom" about them, and talk or teach opposition to the efforts of the government to win this right eous war. Fear is expressed that continued calls for men to fill the military demands of the nation may seriously curtail the work of the schools. PENNSYLVANIA. MILLERSBURG. Millersburg reports that with a school population of 500 the average weekly deposits in its school savings bank amount to approximately sixty-five GREEN. Green Township, Su- transcendent importance to take proper precautions against the starvation of the bodies of ourselves and of our allies by increasing the production of food and conserving food supplies, but let us not forget that it is of equal importance to take proper precautions also against the starvation of the minds and souls of our children by the preservation and the conservation of the means of education. Let us not forget that the preservation and the perpetuation of the freedom and the civilization that we shall save by victory, that the rapid repair of the waste and wreck and ruin of war, that preparation for the new duties of the finer civilization that shall follow, demand the proper education of the present generation of children. "While we are waging a patriotic crusade for food conservation, let us not forget also to wage a patriotic crusade for the conservation of the means of education. Let us not forget that the children of the present generation are the seed corn of future civilization. In spite of the direst needs of war, therefore, let us see to it that this seed corn be not ground up in its horrible mill, that our schools and colleges, the means for its preservation and cultivation. be not destroyed nor diminished. Let us not forget the lesson of the war between the states. The one most tragic loss of that war to this state, which has not been repaired in two generations, which can never be wholly repaired, was the loss of a whole generation of education through the destruction of its schools and colleges. "Let not that tragedy he repeated. When this war closes. the need for trained leaders and citizens will be greater than before. The danger of the terrible toll that war may take in killed and wounded from this generation of men increases the duty and the necessity of educating and training this generation of children and of supporting and strengthening the means therefor. Let it cost what it may, the school and college must be kept open that the youth of this generation may be properly educated and trained for the increased burdens and duties of the future." OKLAHOMA. a LAWTON. Experts from the school of education of the University of Oklahoma have begun survey of the city schools of Lawton to determine the efficiency of the schools from every standpoint. The survey will be under the direction of W. W. Phelan, head of the school of education, and W. A. Schmidt, professor of educational administration, and will last two weeks. The survey the first week covered the following: Organization and administration of the schools, curriculum and kinds of school and courses, teaching staff, quality of instruction and supervision, school building and methods of financing the school system. medical The second week the investigation covered the school population, hygiene and inspection, mental deficiency, playgrounds and vocational guidance. The results of the survey will be published in bulletin form by the university. The Lawton school board finances the survey, which is the first of the kind New attempted within the state. York, Cleveland, Portland, Ore.; Baltimore, Salt Lake City, Butte, San Antonio, San Francisco, Oakland, Boston, Grand Rapids and St. Louis are among the cities which have conducted such surveys. TEXAS. the State WACO. Dr. W. B. Bizzell, president of the A. and M. College, was elected president of Teachers' Association at the concluding session of the annual gathering here. The three vice-presidents elected are: Mrs. Maggie W. Barry, Sherman, first; G. O. Clough, Corsicana. second; Mrs. Lee Etta Nelson, Denton, third. Superin tendent H. M. Moore, Fort Worth, was elected treasurer. It was decided to employ a secretary who will be required to devote all of his time to the convention. As Mrs. Ella Flagg Young of Chicago arose to speak the teachers present, several thousand in numThe ber, stood up and cheered. demonstration continued for nearly five minutes. In alluding to her subject. "Futurism in Education," Mrs. Young said the men in training now for military service in behalf of this country are living exponents of the teachers of America. It was maintained by Mrs. Young that a teacher can not be insulted by a pupil. "The rude things children do in the presence of their teachers and the impertinence shown them is merely in imitation of what they have seen their elders do and say. Let's correct this, primarily for the child's good, and not for any personal satisfaction that we want to give our injured feelings," concluded Mrs. Young. Four members of the executive committee were elected as follows: C. H. Cox, Canton; Miss Anne B. Hill, Galveston; Tom Lee, Taylor, and Miss Lizzie Barbour, Brownsville. CENTRAL STATES. INDIANA. FORT WAYNE. Plans for extensive changes in the Fort Wayne schools are being worked out by R. W. Himelick, the newly elected superintendent. It is the purpose to establish a Junior High School, to bring higher training into the common branches. Another grade will be added to the eight now comprising the common branches. Subjects now taught in the high school, such as foreign languages and vocational education, will be introduced in the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades, these three grades comprising the Junior High School. Mr. Himelick would shorten the regular high school course one year, making it three years instead of four as now. Mr. Himelick hopes to establish so-called "opportunity" rooms, through which he expects to save at least $20,000 a year to the city. "Opportunity" rooms will enable the student who falls behind to catch up in his studies and continue without the delay of one year, as now is the case. Simultaneously they will enable bright students to carry advanced work and thereby complete their course sooner than at present. ILLINOIS. CHICAGO. The date for the Fifteenth Annual Convention of the Religious Education Association has been changed to March 4 to 6, 1918. This change will bring the convention immediately following the spring meeting of the N. E. A., also The to be held in Atlantic City. for general theme the R. E. A. meeting, Community Organization, is attracting keen interest. The convention will treat both the broad aspects of the reorganization of the world into a closer and more neighborly life and the organization of the local community as an agency for moral and religious training. The official headquarters for the convention will be The Breakers Hotel, Atlantic City. IOWA. MARSHALLTOWN. Never before have pupils here been so willing to subordinate selfish desires to The teachers the national good. are endeavoring in every way possible to take advantage of the opportunity for service and the teaching of a very concrete patriotism. In response to the question: "How I Can Help Win the War" the grade pupils throughout the city gave eighty-two different answers, among them:— I can do mother's work so she can knit. I can pull rosin. I can sell papers and buy my own clothes. I can go without candy and gum. I can go without a Christmas tree. I can sell old iron to make money for Red Cross. I can keep well so as to save doctor bills. I can eat sorghum instead of sugar. I can get in my wood without having to be told. I can sing patriotic_songs. I can love and salute the flag. I can send pictures to soldiers. I can raise a garden next summer. I can save my clothes by not letting them get torn. I can stop going to picture shows. I can be careful not corn. to tear my clothes so my mother will not have to patch and can knit. I can have wheatless, meatless and sweetless days at home. I can care for a pen of chickens to conserve the beef and pork supply. I can always have a "clean plate." I can eat less food. I can stop using "bean shooters." I can save money to go through school so I can take the place of someone who has gone to war. I can ask for food made of I can go to church and Sunday School. I can be satisfied with what I have. I can plant trees for gun stocks. I can invent patents for fighting. I can get along without cats and dogs; they eat too much. I can eat left-overs. I can save my shoes by not skating on the I can save papers soles of them. and supplies at school. I can pray God every night that we may win in this war. I can fertilize my garden now for next year. I can get along without frosting on my cake or without much canned goods. I can clean rugs. I can pick out a cap that will wear the best and then take care of it. I can keep my clothes clean so my mother will not have to wash them. When she washes them it wears them out. The following are some of the definite lines of service which the grade pupils have done and are now doing. Of course much of the work is done at home, but under the direction and leadership of the teacher. are Cut newspapers 16 inches by 24 inches for surgical pads for two neighborhood clubs. Pupils are Red Cross boxes knitting. maintained in rooms for real sacrifice pennies only. Pupils supplied one club with newspapers for making trench candles. Many grade much pupils report as as $100 of their own earnings invested in Liberty bonds. Fourth grade boys purchased testaments for soldiers with money formerly spent for confectionery and amusements. Many of the buildings have prepared comfort kits under the direction of the TEACHERS' AGENCIES. valuable from an educational point of view. We shall have great difficulty in THE FISK Boston, Mass., 2-A Park Street New York, N. Y., 156 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, Pa., 549 Union Arcade Portland, Ore., 514 Journal Bldg. Berkeley, Cal., 2161 Shattuck Ave. Los Angeles, Cal., 533 Cit. Bk. Bldg. Birmingham, Ala., 809 Title Bldg. local Red Cross and have them already on their way to bring Christmas cheer. The letters which accompanied, especially those dictated by second grade pupils, cannot help but make the loneliest heart glad. MICHIGAN. DETROIT. During 1917 it has not only been found possible to mobilize the schools to aid the nation, but such mobilization has given results which have astounded the most sanguine backers of the project. From a purely local standpoint, undoubtedly the introduction of a nine-member board with its accompanying business efficiency management has been the outstanding feature. The engagement of married women as teachers, if they otherwise qualify, is one of the changes it has instituted. At Closely following the declaration of war, the schools started military training on a small scale which has since been enlarged to take in all boys from the sixth grade up. the last issue of Liberty loan bonds the schools worked for its success with astonishingly good results. They have just completed the Red Cross drive which netted thousands of additional garments and comforts for the soldiers. Cass Technical High School pupils are about to purchase a large farm and work it with the idea of doing their bit toward supplying needed food supplies. These are but a few of the larger accomplishments and plans of the schools, which are, in the words of Dr. Charles E. Chadsey, superintendent, "mobilized for the period of the war." Besides these activities the school system has had to expand to meet needs of growing Detroit. The school census for 1917 shows an increase of 15,286 children between the ages of five and twenty years. All wards in the city except the second and fourth show considerable increases, the drop in the two exceptions being explained by the growth of business institutions that has crowded out residences. To meet the needs eight schools and two high schools have been completed and added to the system since January 1, 1917. Seven new schools are now under course of construction and contracts have been let for several others. adopt the junior high school idea may be mentioned: (1) A strong local recognition of the fact that many of the pupils were not getting the kind of training in the higher elementary grades that they most needed; (2) the failure of the work in these grades to make an appeal to the pupils who came from homes where they were not supported by a strong educational tradition and sentiment; (3) the difficulty experienced by students in accomplishing the work of the first high school year; and (4) the belief that the majority of pupils found in Grades VII, VIII and IX when taken collectively constitute a natural psychological unit requiring treatment essentially different from that above or below these limits." SOUTH DAKOTA. ABERDEEN. More than fifty students of German descent attending the Northern Normal and Industrial School bought two Liberty bonds of the second issue. The students, faculty and organizations of the school purchased $3,600 worth. OHIO. CLEVELAND. Former Superintendent of Schools J. M. H. Frederick will be a candidate for the Republican nomination for Congress in the twenty-second district. School people everywhere will wish him success. WISCONSIN. MADISON. In a bulletin to teachers of the state, Superintendent C. P. Cary says: There are evidences that many persons of a business turn of mind are endeavoring to capitalize the present war situation, in the way of making money out of schemes varying all the way from legitimate business to unadulterated fake. The schools should be on their guard constantly not to lend themselves to anything that is not backed up by thoroughly responsible people. There will be as much of a legitimate sort, to which we should give our attention, as we can well take care of, without paying any attention to doubtful matters. The schools should bear in mind that their function is teaching, and should not suffer their time to be invaded or frittered away with matters that are not educative. No school should be turned into a manufacturing plant, where the only purpose is to turn out a prod uct. In the schools, children can be taught to do many things that are of distinct value, but after they have been taught, the proper time to carry on the work is out of school hours. The time in our schools is entirely too brief for superintendents and teachers to suffer interruptions that are not distinctly standard, and we need to face that fact early and proceed accordingly. JUNEAU. ALASKA. This city has opened a modern three-story high school building that would do credit to any city of 500,000 population in the states. Superintendent Arthur M. Mathews arranged a great program for the dedication. Here are some facts on the building : Total cost, exclusive of furnishings, $75,000. Construction began April 12, 1917; completed September 10, 1917. Dimensions 146 feet by 79 feet; concrete construction. First floor content: Boiler and fan rooms, gymnasium, 40 by 60 feet, shower and dressing rooms for boys and girls, manual training shop, domestic science room equipped with electric range and individual electric plates, sewing room, play room, lavatories. Second floor content: Eight classrooms for elementary school, with cloak rooms and closet for each, two storerooms, lady teachers' rest room, men teachers' rest room. Third floor content: Superintendent's office, principal's office, auditorium with gallery, stage and dressing rooms, study hall, library, two commercial rooms, two science laboratories, four recitation rooms, two lavatories, two cloak rooms, electric firegongs, electric schedule gongs, Plenum heating and ventilating system for classrooms and auditorium, direct radiation for all others, temperature regulated by thermostatic control. |