God

small group of nth power brains whom the gods have cut out for leadership. Especially is this true in the field of science and industry. himself, I say it reverently, can hardly compute the greatness of the contribution to human welfare of some of these great men of science, and in the field of industry there are a few men who are making whole deserts blossom as the rose. It is entirely possible for one great scientist to make discoveries which would be worth more to the wealth and the welfare of the world than all the money which has been put into some of our state universities. What the world needs now more than anything else, is more men and women with the power of initiative and leadership built up within them, and more men and women possessed by the spirit of scientific research. The reason why we have so few such men and women is that we have so few places for the creation and development of them. It is the place of a great state university in the life of the state to discover and train these leaders for the work and the welfare of the world. It is not enough for a state university to train the rank and file world's professional workers; it must also train the men who are to blaze the new trails in these professions, and so bring mankind further on its way toward the ultimate reaches of human possibility. If you find a state university that is not producing its share of these leaders of life you will find that it is not organized with graduate schools, laboratories, libraries and research funds to enable it to do the work of producing these leaders. When such a school boasts to you that its graduates are numbered in the thousands, say to them: Tell me the number of great scientists, scholars, educators and leaders in public affairs you have produced and I will tell you how great you are as a university.

Now, it is plain to all who think that the purpose of these graduate schools with their laboratories and libraries and research funds is not to provide special privilege for a favored few to make of themselves a high-brow aristocracy. In a really great state university the high-brow type could not live happily. Its home is in the old intellectually-effete universities which maintain their existence from the gifts of ill-gotten gain and from the large fees paid by students whose fathers and mothers want their sons and daughters taught to think of themselves as superior to the hordes of a democracy. No, the graduate schools of a great state university are not built up for the high-brow and the educated snob; they are built up to meet the highest needs of a common democracy. In producing the men who open up new worlds of work for mankind, these schools pay back to the state a hundredfold more than the state puts into them. As already said, the work of one great scientist is sometimes worth more to the wealth and the welfare of the world than the total amount spent for some of our state universities. Great and happy is the future of that state which is wise enough to see this.

The first place of a state university is to train the men and women who enter the professional walks of life, and the second and higher place is to discover and train the great leaders of life.Texas School Journal.

names

RUSSIAN FAMILY NAMES

The largest proportion of Russian family have the possessive adjective ending -ob followed by the semi-vowel sign which theoretically represents half of the sound of o, but actually is merely a strengthener of the preceding consonant, and is disregarded in transliterating, or writing Russian into the letters of other languages; thus the ending described above is written by standard authorities, such as the Library of Congress, -ov; the Russian b having been borrowed from the Greek b after the pronunciation had been modernized and softened to the sound which we represent by v. The possessive adjective ending above is often represented in English by 's, but has a broader meaning, better represented by the possessive with of.

The family name of the Czars (tsars), Romannov, was derived from Roman, grandson of Sakhariya Ivanovich, a noble (or boyar) under Vasilii V., grand-duke of Moscow, 1425 to 1462; and Sakhariya was great-grandson of Andrei, surnamed Kobyla, who is said to have come from Prussia to Moscow about 1341, to enter the service of the grand-duke Semen. Notwithstanding a recent assertion that the family is of German origin, Kobyla is a genuine Slavic (Polish) name, having its cognate in Russian, which is represented in English letters by Kobyla also. As for the spelling Romanoff, it must be noticed that the Russian has a letter which is the regular representative of the f, and it is used in representing English names such as Frank, but never in this ending. Such a case is like spelling the German name Loewe as Loeffe.

Lvov, the name of one of the present cabinet of Russia, means Leon's or Leo's. In a few positions -ev is used instead of -ov, as Andreev, from Andrei, our Andrew.

In theory, every Russian is supposed to have, following his Christian name, a patronym, or name derived from his father; for example, Ivanovich, which is equivalent to the English John-son. The ending is not, as some have supposed, -vich, but a posed, -vich, but a combination of -ov and -ich; as is seen in Nikitich, son of Nikita. These patronyms occasionally serve as family names. Thus Peter II is known as Aleksievich, because he was the son of Alexis, who was son of Peter the Great.

Occasionally a Russian family name has the adjective ending -skii (often in English abbreviated to -ski); for example, Kerenski, belonging to Kerensk, a town southwest of Nizhni Novgorod in Central Russia. The corresponding Polish ending, sky, is the most common ending of Polish family names. In fact, it is nearly always safe to consider names so ending

as Polish, including names of so-called "Russian" Jews, nearly all of whom came from Russian Poland; the census of 1910 included the inquiry for "mother tongue" of the population enumerated, which revealed that less than three per cent. of the population giving Russia as the country of origin have the Russian language as their mother tongue; the number of real Russians. in the United States is returned as 95,000 in round numbers.

There are a few Russian family names with the ending in, for example, Kuropatkin, pertaining to a partridge (kuropatka), which seems to be based on kura, a hen. Nikitin is from the personal name Nikita, the Greek Niketas (Nicetas). Gogol is a nickname, meaning "the golden-eyed duck." Another of these simple descriptive names is Tolstoi, originally merely "a thickset man." Pushkin appears to be from pushka, a cannon, large gun. Dolgoruki, long-armed; from dolgii, long, and ruka, arm. Goremykin, from goremyka, a poor wretch. Pobiedonostsev, from pobiedonosets, conqueror. Sobolevski, pertaining to a sable (sobol). Kovalevsky, pertaining to the sledge-hammer (kovaly), apparently the name of a blacksmith.

Joel N. Eno, A. M.,

(For several years in charge of sciences and Slavic, Yale University Library.)

in to

"EDUCATION AFTER THE WAR”* For twenty years an Englishman has conducted Hampshire an experimental school which has been many of us a prophecy of what education can be in a democracy. Bedales is a boarding school oftentimes referred to as "the American school" on account of its unusual and successful program of co-education. Boys and girls from all over Great Britain with many from almost every section of the continent and a few from America have been able to prepare for entrance into leading universities at the usual age and yet have time for an active, outdoor life, participating in farm and dairy, building, experiment and invention, travel, sport, music, festival and other desirable activities. Greek, Latin and other humane studies have had no quarrel with extraordinary equipment in laboratory and shop while as much thought and expenditure has been given to providing the students means to enjoy their individual hobbies as was given to the more commonly considered educational necessities.

The headmaster, J. H. Badley, after training at Rugby and Cambridge as well as in Germany, was associated with Cecil Reddie and Edward Carpenter in founding Abbotsholme and from that school came in 1892 to this new experiment at Petersfield. While he has never visited America he has kept close contact with its educational men and movements and a number of his students have made brilliant records at such American universities as Cornell, Columbia, Chicago, Yale and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Within a year after the war had broken out of all the men and women who had been associated with the school in the years of its life seventy per cent. were in some form of war service and there was a long roll of the names of those who had died at the front. Nearly all of these were in the armies of the Allies, but some of the old students were Germans and Austrians.

Education After the War." By J. H. Badley. Longmans, Green & Company, 1917. 125 pp. Price, $1.25.

It is fortunate that all of this experience has now been crystallized in a little book of something over a hundred pages, "Education After the War." Mr. Badley grasps the whole situation and undertakes to work out a suggestive plan to meet the needs of all ages and classes. He shows thorough acquaintance with the issues at stake in our present "Modern School" controversy over the program offered by Dr. Flexner and ignores none of the humane elements advocated by Professor Shovey in the: June Atlantic. Continuation schools of Munich, Dr. Montessori's experiments at Rome, participation in school government as worked out in America and elsewhere,

physical education in Sweden and Germany, national

service in Switzerland and many other movements are made to contribute to the proposed reconstruction of English education.

While others have talked of education concerning sex, in this school it has been a matter of course for years and in the book the subject fits into the program quietly and naturally.

Education is considered in its national aspects and from the standpoint of individual development. A chapter is given to "Two Urgent Problems," Co-education and National Service. No one can complain of lack of definiteness in what is stated with reference to these problems, yet there is a spirit of fairness which ought to go far in winning those who do not as yet share the author's convictions concerning what must be done in "the readjustmet of our ideas and habits and traditions to the new conditions that the war has brought and that will not pass away the moment peace is signed, or let us resume the old life unchanged." Frank A. Manny.

UNUSUAL FELLOWSHIPS

Three East View Fellowships worth $500 each and maintenance at the Westchester County Penitentiary have been accepted by New York University from V. Everit Macy, Commissioner of Charities and Corrections, Westchester County. These fellowships will be open to graduate students of the Schools of Law and Medicine, departments of Sociology, Education, Government and Agriculture, as may be considered most suitable by the university. The committee to pass judgment will consist of Chancellor Elmer Ellsworth Brown, Dean Joseph French Johnson, and Dr. Jeremiah W. Jenks, acting with the heads of departments in which the fellows intend to do their work.

The men accepting the fellowships will be required to do their share of institutional work from that of mere guard or night watchman to confidential clerk to the warden, in order to thoroughly understand the prison system. They will be required to hold themselves in readiness for extra duty and emergency calls at all times in order to more fully realize the executive and administrative problems of an institution, and get the official point of view about certain conditions. Among the laboratory problems to be worked out will be the study of causes which make probation a failure.

The sole aim of the fellowship plan is to prepare college bred men to fill executive and administrative positions in criminal institutions. This cannot be successfully done on a theoretic basis, according to the viewpoint of Mr. Macy, and therefore the fellowships in the Westchester Penitentiary and Work House with a population of approximately 300 inmates, ranging from seventeen to seventy years, committed for everything criminal from mere vagrancy to highway robbery, and assault with intent to kill. The fellowships will be awarded at once. Apply to New York University, New York City.

July 19, 1917

ANCIENT TIMES: A HISTORY OF THE EARLY WORLD. An Introduction to the Study of Ancient History and the Career of Early Man. By James Henry Breasted, Ph.D., of the University of Chicago. Boston, New York, Chicago: Ginn & Co. Fully and beautifully illustrated. Cloth. 742 pp. Price, $1.60. Dr. Breasted's work is universally and internationally recognized as masterful in research, scientific in method, absolutely reliable in statement, complete in material, pedagogical in presentation, and highly literary in style. The publishers have provided the best illustrative talent and have given it high artistic effect.

a

Dr. Breasted, the editors and publishers have produced a book as attractive from the literary standpoint as masterpiece of English. Were it mere romance it could not be more fascinating. In the fullest sense Dr. Breasted makes truth stranger than fiction. The geographical descriptions are as brilliant as the descriptions in Howells' travels, or Stevenson's, or Marion Crawford's settings for descriptive articles or essays. "Ancient Times" is the title, but it could not be more fascinating were it an account of affairs in Europe today. It makes the places, the people, the customs, the life of thousands of years ago as vivid as any peoples, places, and customs of today could be made.

THE CHILD'S WORLD. Second Reader, Third Reader, Fourth Reader, Fifth Reader. By Hetty S. Brown, Sarah Withers and W. K. Tate. Illustrations by Rhoda Campbell Chase. Richmond, Virginia: B. F. Johnson Publishing Company. Cloth. This is an unusual combination of authors, literally the South's best gift to the textbook world.

Hetty S. Brown is one of America's best known specialists on rural education. She has made the South famous by making the rural school of Oak Ridge, South Carolina, famous. Miss Withers has previously done admirable textbook writing and highly efficient educational lecturing. Mr. Tate has been a master, appreciated as an inspiring country life leader in county, state and university service in Texas, South Carolina and Tennessee, on the educational platform of many northern states and in the educational councils of the nation.

The books already out in "The Child's World" series have, in addition to the authors' literary and professional skill, the highest art of artist and publisher.

All that has been said in these columns of the earlier books we would emphasize in noticing the upper grade books. Great care has been taken at every point to sustain the interest by ever varying the style of selections. Much skill has been displayed in having each selection adapt its length to the interest for the reader. Now the children are not reading to learn how to read, but for the enrichment of the vocabulary and the expansion of one's literary world.

Nothing is used that has been used otherwheres enough to make it stale, and nothing new is used that is not worthy a place in comradeship of the masters.

A distinct feature of the higher books especially is the use of most up-to-date features of community life in descriptive and inspirational articles written especially for these books.

OFFICE PRACTICE. By Mary F. Cahill, B. S., and Agnes C. Ruggeri. New York: The Macmillan Company. Illustrated. Price, 90 cents.

Instruction for high school students in all necessary office usages is given in this book prepared by the chairman and instructor of the Department of Stenography and Typewriting of the Julia Richman High School.

The treatment of incoming and outgoing mail, office records, methods of telephoning, cabling and telegraphing, use of machines for saving time and labor, of reference books, with an appendix of mail rates, and abbreviations are all clearly set forth. Recognized authorities in their

Since the Moving Pictures Came

it has become a custom among the thinking class of men and women to go home a fter the show and right away Murine their Eyes. Two drops to rest, refresh and cleanse. Murine at Druggists, 50c. Ask MURINE EYE REMEDY CO., CHICAGO, för Book of the Eye free.

respective fields have approved their special departments and the many illustrations give minute details of technical machines and appliances.

UP FROM SLAVERY. By Booker T. Washington. School Edition. Boston, New York, Chicago: Houghton Mifflin Company. Price, 60 cents.

Few books have ever been as thrilling in biographical fact and spirit as that of Booker T. Washington. No other book can possibly giye children as good an idea of the credit due those of the colored race in America who have risen to industrial and educational prominence. it is well to have a school edition of this most remarkable book.

WOMEN AND WORK: THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF COLLEGE TRAINING. By Helen Marie Bennett, Manager of the Chicago Collegiate Bureau of Occupations. Boston: D. Appleton & Co. Cloth. Price, $150,

net.

Miss Bennett has found the weak spot in all vocational guidance activities. If she is not the first to see it she is the first, so far as we have discovered, to dare to say that too much emphasis has been paid to learning about vocations and making them look attractive to young people. The great opportunity in education for vocation and for guidance into a vocation is the study of the student, psycologically and physically, and impressing upon him his adaptation to a certain class of occupations or professions. Miss Bennett has had rare opportunities to study young people as to their adaptation to occupations and she has made abundant use of her opportunities.

SERBIA: A SKETCH. By Helen Leah Reed. Boston: Serbian Distress Fund. Illustrated. Price, $1.

The story of Serbia, younger sister of the nations, is told in historical outline with a poetic interpretation of her development. Her national heroes and struggles from the earliest times to the present, all give the reader a concise account of her life and wonderful spirit, its growth and parentage.

BOOKS RECEIVED

"Story and Play Readers"

(Volumes I, II and III).

Edited by A. M. Lutkenhans and M. Knox. New York: The Century Company.

"A Practical French Course." By L. Cardon. Price, $1.25. New York: Silver, Burdett & Co.

"Masters of Space." By W. K. Towers. Price, $1.25. -"Happy, the Life of a Bee." By W. F. McCaleb. Price, 75c.-"English Synonyms." By George Crabb. Price, $1.25. New York: Harper & Brothers.

"The Rural School from Within." By M. G. Kirkpatrick. Price. $1.28. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company.

Howard.

"The Practical Cook Book." By M. W. Price, 72c.-"The American Song Book." By C. H. Levermore. Price, 72c.-"Oral and Written English" (Book_Two). By Potter, Jeschke and Gillet. Price, 64c. "A Business Speller." By M. G. Brinkworth. Price, 25c.-"First Course in Algebra." By Hawkes, Luby and Touton. Price, $1.00.-The Magee Readers (Book One and Book Two). By Anna F. Magee. Price, 36c each. Boston: Ginn & Co.

"Spanish Grammar." By C. P. Wagner. Ann Arbor, Michigan: George Wahr.

"Productive Agriculture." By J. H. Gehrs. Price, $1.00.-"Essentials in Mechanical Drawing." By L. J. Smith. Price, 50c.-"The Way of the Gate" and "The Way of the Green Pastures." By Sneath, Hodges and Tweedy. Price, 65c. each.-Illustrative Handwork." By E. V. Dobbs. Price, $1.10.-"Swiss Stories and Legends." By F. M. Froelicher. Price, 40c. New York: The Macmillan Company.

"Household Organization for War Service." By Thetta Quay Franks. Price, $1.00. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.

"Essentials in Modern European History." By Daniel C. Knowlton and Samuel B. Howe. Price, $1.50. New York: Longmans, Green & Co.

"Spanish-American Composition Book." By J. Warshaw. Price, 90c. New York: Henry Holt & Co.

"The Sunday-School Movement and the American Sunday-School Union." By E. W. Rice. Price, $2.00. Fhiladelphia: American Sunday-School Union.

"Letters and Writings of James Greenleaf Croswell." Price, $2.00.-"An Introduction to Educational Psychology." By W. R. Smith. Price, $1.75.-"Little Book of Modern Verse." Edited by J. B. Rittenhouse. Price,

55c.-"High Tide." Selected by Mrs. W. Richards.

Price, 55c.-"Up from Slavery." By Booker Washington. Price, 60c.-"How to Make the Garden Pay." By E. Morrison and C. T. Brues. Price, 60c. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.