LABOR CANVASS.-A special canvass was made of 4,800 male and 1,503 female wage earners in different parts of the State. The inquiries related to wages, nativity, social condition, number of dependents, occupation, length of service, hours of labor, months employed during the year, etc. The tabulation following shows for male and female employees, respectively, for selected occupations, the average daily wages, hours of labor per day, number of months employed during 1900, and the average number of years engaged in present occupation:

WAGES, HOURS OF LABOR, ETC., OF MALE AND FEMALE EMPLOYEES, BY SELECTED OCCUPATIONS, 1900.

The returns for all of the 4,800 male wage earners canvassed in 34 ities and villages showed the following average results: Daily wages,

$1.67; hours of labor per day, 10.4; months employed during the year, 11.3; years engaged at present occupation, 9.6; age, 31.8. Fiftyeight per cent were married. The 4,800 employees had 12,474 persons to support, including the persons canvassed, or 2.6 each. Twentysix per cent owned their homes. Those who rented homes paid an average monthly rental of $7.02. Sixty per cent of the persons canvassed reported that they were able to save something from their earnings.

Returns for the 1,503 female employees canvassed in 22 cities and villages showed the following average results: Daily wages, 80.87; hours of labor per day, 10.2; months employed during the year, 11.5; years engaged at present occupation, 3.2; age, 23.9. Eleven per cent were married, 82 per cent were single, and 7 per cent were widowed. Seven per cent owned their homes.

STRIKES.-A brief synopsis is given of each strike which occurred in the State during the year, the strikes being arranged in chronological order.

INDUSTRIAL STATISTICS.-This chapter contains a brief record of important events of the year relating to the industries of the State, arranged in chronological order.

NORTH DAKOTA.

Sixth Biennial Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture and Labor of North Dakota, for the term ending June 30, 1900. Henry U. Thomas, Commissioner. 80 pp.

This report, like those for preceding years, is devoted mainly to statistics of agriculture. The subjects treated may be grouped as follows: Statistics of agriculture, 42 pages; live stock, 5 pages; vital statistics, 2 pages; wool market and wool production, 3 pages; farm labor statistics, 1 page; flouring mills, 2 pages; coal mines, 1 page; report on the dairy industry, 10 pages.

FARM LABOR STATISTICS.-A table is given showing for each county the number of male and female employees reported in 1900, their average monthly wages, and the total wages paid. The lowest average monthly wages, including board and lodging, reported in any county was $10.18 (an average for 94 persons) for males, and $6.50 (an average for 54 persons) for females; the highest average was $30 (an average for 300 persons) for males, and $18 (an average for 5 persons) for females. The average monthly wages, including board and lodging, of 14,041 male farm laborers was $20.41, and the average monthly wages of 2,253 female farm laborers was $11.43, including board and lodging.

FLOURING MILLS.-A list is given of the names and location, and in some cases the capacity, of 65 flouring mills in the State.

COAL MINES. Tables are given showing statistics of coal-mine labor for 5 counties in 1898 and 6 counties in 1899. In 1898 returns from 19 mines showed a total employment of 220 persons, receiving $62.727 in wages and producing 75,410 tons of coal. In 1899, 25 mines reported a total of 107 employees, receiving $49,518 in wages and producing 78,040 tons of coal.

THE DAIRY INDUSTRY.--Returns from licensed dairymen in 1900 showed that it required 650 cows to supply milk to 1,950 private families, 40 hotels, 30 restaurants and lunch rooms, 30 boarding houses, and 20 soda fountains. The average monthly consumption was 25,000 gallons of milk, 50 gallons of cream, and 1,900 gallons of skimmed milk.

Six cheese factories were in operation six months of the year. They produced 177,780 pounds of cheese out of 1,768,978 pounds of milk from 910 cows, supplied by 111 patrons.

On October 31, 1900, there were 15 creameries in operation. Eight of these reported receiving a total of 13,605,216 pounds of milk from 5,575 cows, supplied by 535 patrons. Out of this milk 581,598 pounds of butter were manufactured. The creameries were not all in operation during the entire year.

FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF ARBITRATION AND CONCILIATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

Fifteenth Annual Report of the State Board of Arbitration and Conciliation of Massachusetts, for the year ending December 31, 1909. 224 PP.

The present report contains an introductory review of the work of the board during the year and a detailed account of each of 54 cases in which the board mediated. An appendix contains reproductions of conciliation and arbitration laws in different States.

Of the 54 cases of which the board took cognizance, 40 were strikes, 4 were lockouts, and 10 were friendly controversies. Official action was taken in 6 cases on the joint petition of the parties, in 14 cases on notice from one of the parties, and in 34 cases on the board's own motion. Twenty strikes, 3 lockouts, and 6 friendly controversies were amicably settled; in 9 cases the workmen returned to work on the employers' terms, and in 11 cases they were permanently dismissed; the 5 remaining cases were pending at the close of the year. The e 54 controversies involved persons whose aggregate yearly earnings were estimated at $2,948,588. The expense of maintaining the State board of arbitration and conciliation for the year was $8,456.

RECENT FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS.

DENMARK.

Strejker og Lockouts i Danmark 1897-1899. Statistiske Meddelelser, fjerde Række, ottende Bind, fjerde Hæfte. Udgivet af Statens Statistiske Bureau.

141 pp.

This report contains the results of an investigation of strikes and lockouts in Denmark during the years 1897, 1898, and 1899, undertaken in compliance with a law passed December 16, 1895, which directed the collection of statistics of strikes and lockouts beginning with January 1, 1897. The information was published annually, in brief form for the years mentioned, in the statistical yearbooks of Denmark. The investigation covered all disputes resulting in a suspension of work, whether brought on at the instance of employees, as strikes, or of employers, as in the case of lockouts. The information was obtained from the employers and employees concerned by means of schedules of inquiry.

The present report comprises an analysis and summaries of the strikes and lockouts, copies of the schedules of inquiry, and details of each individual strike and lockout occurring in 1897, 1898, and 1899. The principal facts shown are the number, time, duration, causes, and results of strikes and lockouts, the number and location of establishments involved, the number and occupations of persons affected, wage loss, assistance received, and cases of arbitration. The strikes and lockouts are usually considered together in the tabulations. In 1897 there were 77 strikes, 11 lockouts, and 23 disputes, some of which partook of the nature of both strikes and lockouts, and others were indefinite as to their character. Of the 111 disputes 68 involved 846 establishments, 3,591 strikers, and 3,559 persons locked out. Thirty-six disputes resulted in an aggregate loss of 190,439 working days and 659,742 kroner ($176,811) in wages. In 39 disputes assistance amounting to 337,774 kroner ($90,523) was received from labor organizations, in 13 disputes no such assistance was received, and in 59 cases this information was not reported.

351-No. 37-01-11

1179

In 1898 there were 136 strikes, 5 lockouts, and 6 disputes which were mixed or indefinite. Of these 147 disputes, 121 involved 1.415 establishments, 5,931 strikers, and 856 persons locked out. One hundred and seven disputes resulted in an aggregate loss of 92,433 working days and 308,863 kroner ($82,775) in wages. In 62 disputes assistance amounting to 160,917 kroner ($43,126) was received from labor organizations; in 37 disputes no such assistance was received, and in 48 cases this information was not reported.

In 1899 there were 81 strikes, 3 lockouts, and 14 disputes which were mixed or indefinite. Of these 98 disputes, 86 involved 5,051 establishments, 6,366 strikers, and 29,730 persons locked out. Fiftyseven disputes resulted in an aggregate loss of 2,783,111 working days and in a total wage loss of 12,063,748 kroner ($3,233,085). In 46 disputes assistance amounting to 2,886,955 kroner ($773,704) was received from labor organizations; in 13 disputes no such assistance was received, and in 39 cases this information was not reported.

The following table shows the number of disputes, establishments and persons involved, time and wage loss, and assistance rendered by labor organizations for each year and for the three years combined:

STATISTICS OF STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, 1897 TO 1899.

The large number of persons locked out in 1897 and 1899 is due to two general lockouts in 1897 affecting 1,100 and 1,640 employees, respectively, and a general lockout in 1899 affecting 29,611 persons.

The two following tables show the number of disputes, establishments affected, strikers, and persons locked out, by occupations, for each of the years, 1897, 1898, and 1899: