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It shall be the duty of the Executive Committee to provide a place on the program for the report on any investigation which may by ordered by the National Educational Association or its departments.

4. The Committee on Membership shall be composed of the president of the Council and six other members, whose terms of office shall be so arranged that two vacancies may by filled every year, beginning with 1899.

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5. There shall be appointed annually a committee of one to submit, at the next meeting, a report on Educational Progress During the Past Year," in which a survey of the important movements and events in education during the preceding year is given. This committee need not be selected from the members of the Council.

†6. The Committee on Investigations and Appropriations shall be composed of nine members whose terms of office shall be so arranged that three vacancies may be filled each year, beginning with 1903. No proposal to appoint a committee to undertake an educational investigation of any kind, and no proposal to ask the Board of Directors of the Association for an appropriation for any purpose, shall be acted upon until such proposal has been referred to this Committee on Investigations and Appropriations for report.

ARTICLE VIII-THE DUTIES OF THE COUNCIL

1. It shall be the duty of the Council to further the objects of the National Educational Association, and to use its best efforts to promote the cause of education in general. 2. The meetings of the Council shall be, for the most part, of a "round table" character.

ARTICLE IX-AMENDMENTS

This constitution may be altered or amended at a regular meeting of the Council, by a two-thirds vote of the members present, and any provision may be waived at any regular meeting by unanimous consent.

By-laws not in violation of this constitution may be adopted by a two-thirds vote of the Council.

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†Sec. 6 was added by amendment at the Minneapolis meeting, July 11, 1902 [see minutes].

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NOTE: The letter "A" following a name denotes that the member is of the class elected by the Association; the letter" C," by the Council.

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Anna Tolman Smith, Washington, D. C. Mrs. Josephine Heermans, Kans. City, Mo. *James H. Van Sickle, Baltimore, Md.... *John Dewey, Chicago, Ill *Newton C. Dougherty, Peoria, Ill. *W. H. Bartholomew, Louisville, Ky *Frank A. Fitzpatrick, Boston, Mass.. *I. C. McNeill, West Superior, Wis. *E. Oram Lyte, Millersville, Pa. *J. M. Greenwood, Kansas City, Mo.. Reuben S. Bingham, Tacoma, Wash..... *Joseph Swain, Bloomington, Ind..... *Nathan C. Schaeffer, Harrisburg, Pa.. *Louis C. Greenlee, Denver, Colo... *Z. X. Snyder, Greeley, Colo.

*Present at the Council sessions at Minneapolis, 1902.

C 1903

*Aaron Gove, Denver, Colo

C 1906

C 1906

C 1903

*J. W. Carr, Anderson, Ind..

Frank A. Hill, Boston, Mass

C 1906

A 1904

James M. Green, Trenton, N. J.

A 1907

A 1904

A 1904

A. R. Taylor, Decatur, Ill....

*Augustus S. Downing, New York, N. Y..

A 1907

A 1907

A 1904

A 1904

C 1904
C 1904

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C 1904
A 1905
A 1905

*William F. King, Mt. Vernon, Ia..

C 1907

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HONORARY MEMBERS

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Earl Barnes, Philadelphia, Pa.
William N. Barringer, Newark, N. J.
Newton Bateman, Galesburg, Ill.
D. Bemis, Spokane, Wash.
Thomas W. Bicknell, Providence. R. I.
Albert G. Boyden, Bridgewater, Mass.
Anna C. Brackett, New York, N. Y.
John E. Bradley, Randolph, Mass.
Edward Brooks, Philadelphia, Pa.
George P. Brown, Bloomington, Ill.
William L. Bryan, Bloomington, Ind.
John T. Buchanan, New York, N. Y.
Matthew H. Buckham, Burlington, Vt.
David N. Camp, New Britain, Conn.
James H. Canfield, New York, N. Y.
Clara Conway, Memphis, Tenn.
John W. Cook, De Kalb, III.
Oscar H. Cooper, Abilene, Tex.
William J. Corthell, Gorham, Me.
J. L. M. Curry, Washington, D. C.
Charles DeGarmo, Ithaca, N. Y.
V. C. Dibble, Charleston, S. C.
John W. Dickinson, Newtonville, Mass.
Andrew S. Draper, Champaign, Ill.
John Eaton, Washington, D. C.
Charles W. Eliot, Cambridge, Mass.
William W. Folwell, Minneapolis, Minn.
W. R. Garrett, Nashville, Tenn.
Daniel C. Gilman, Washington, D. C.
James C. Greenough, Westfield, Mass.
W. N. Hailmann, Dayton, O.
G. Stanley Hall, Worcester, Mass.
Paul H. Hanus, Cambridge, Mass.
Walter L. Hervey, New York, N. Y.
Edwin C. Hewett, Normal, Ill.
J. George Hodgins, Toronto, Canada.
Ira G. Hoitt, Sacramento, Cal.
James H. Hoose, Pasadena, Cal.
George W. Howison, San Francisco, Cal.
James L. Hughes, Toronto, Canada.
Thomas Hunter, New York, N. Y.
Ellen Hyde, Farmington, Mass.
Edmund J. James, Evanston, Ill.
E. S. Joynes, Columbia, S. C.
David L. Kiehle, Minneapolis, Minn.
Thomas Kirkland, Toronto, Canada.

Henry M. Leipziger, New York, N. Y.
James MacAlister, Philadelphia, Pa.
Albert P. Marble, New York, N. Y.
Francis A. March, Easton, Pa.
Lillie J. Martin, San Francisco, Cal.
William H. Maxwell, New York, N. Y.
Charles A. McMurry, De Kalb, Ill.
Lemuel Moss, Minneapolis, Minn.
William A. Mowry, Hyde Park, Mass.
Mary E. Nicholson, Indianapolis, Ind.
John M. Ordway, New Orleans, La.
Warren D. Parker, Madison, Wis.
W. H. Payne, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Selim H. Peabody, Chicago, Ill.
John B. Peaslee, Cincinnati, O.
William F. Phelps, Duluth, Minn.
Josiah L. Pickard, Brunswick, Me.
Edward T. Pierce, Los Angeles, Cal.
William B. Powell, New York, N. Y.

J. R. Preston, Jackson, Miss.
John T. Prince, Boston, Mass.
Frank Rigler, Portland, Ore.
William H. Ruffner, Lexington, Va.
Ellen C. Sabin, Milwaukee, Wis.
Henry Sabin, Des Moines, Ia.

J. G. Schurman, Ithaca, N. Y.

H. H. Seerley, Cedar Falls, Ia.
H. E. Shepard, Baltimore, Md.
Edgar A. Singer, Philadelphia, Pa.
Euler B. Smith, Athens, Ga.
Homer B. Sprague, East Orange, N. J.
J. W. Stearns, Madison, Wis.
Thomas B. Stockwell, Providence, R. I.
Grace Bibb Sudborough, Omaha, Neb.
John Swett, Martinez, Cal.
H. S. Tarbell, Providence, R. I.
W. R. Thigpen, Savannah, Ga.
H. S. Thompson, New York, N. Y.
L. S. Thompson, Jersey City, N. J.
Arnold Tompkins, Chicago, Ill.
Julia S. Tutwiler, Livingstone, Ala.
Delia L. Williams, Delaware, O.
J. Ormond Wilson, Washington, D. C.
Lightner Witmer, Philadelphia, Pa.
H. K. Wolfe, Lincoln, Neb.

C. M. Woodward, St. Louis, Mo.

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SECRETARY'S MINUTES

FIRST SESSION. - MONDAY, JULY 7, 9:30 A. M.

The Council met in the Unitarian Church, and, in the absence of President J. H. Phillips, was at the appointed hour called to order by Vice-President Mary E. Nicholson. The meeting was opened with prayer by Rev. J. E. Bushnell, of the Westminster Presbyterian Church.

Following prayer, the subject of the session, "Revenues for School Purposes," was opened by State Superintendent N. C. Schaeffer, of Pennsylvania, with a paper on "Taxation as it relates to School Maintenance," and continued by District Superintendent Albert G. Lane, of Chicago, with a paper on "Taxation and Teachers' Salaries."

Discussion of these papers was opened by J. M. Greenwood, of Kansas City, and continued by Aaron Gove, of Denver, N. C. Dougherty, of Peoria, and Nicholas Murray Butler, of New York.

SECOND SESSION.-MONDAY, JULY 7, 2:30 P. M.

The Council was called to order for the second session by the Vice-President at the appointed hour.

After a vocal solo, "A Song of Thanksgiving," by Mr. F. H. Forssell, the chair named as members of the Committee on Nominations:

W. T. Harris, Washington, D. C.

Edwin A. Alderman, of Louisiana.
E. Oram Lyte, of Pennsylvania.

Charles B. Gilbert, of Rochester, N. Y., presented a paper on "The Function of Knowledge in Education,” and was followed by W. T. Harris, of Washington, who spoke on "The Difference Between Efficient Causes and Final Causes in Controling Human Freedom."

Discussion of these papers was introduced by John W. Cook, of Illinois, and continued by J. M. Greenwood, of Missouri.

THIRD SESSION.- MONDAY, JULY 7, 8 P. M.

The Council was called to order by Vice-President Mary E. Nicholson.

After a vocal solo, "The Two Grenadiers," by Mr. John Ravenscroft, William R. Harper, President of the University of Chicago, addressed the Council upon “The Educational Progress of the Year."

FOURTH SESSION.- TUESDAY, JULY 8, 9:30 A. M.

The Council was called to order at the appointed hour by Joseph Swain, of the Executive Committee.

A vocal selection entitled "Until Dawn " was given by the Arion Quartette, of Minneapolis, which responded to an encore.

After the singing, prayer was offered by Rev. H. M. Simmons, of the First Unitarian Church of Minneapolis.

The chair recognized J. W. Carr, of Indiana, who offered the following resolution, which was seconded by J. M. Greenwood:

In view of the importance of taxation as it relates to public education, and in order that a more comprehensive report may be made on this subject than it is possible to obtain otherwise,

Resolved, 1. That a Committee of Nine be appointed by this body whose duty it shall be to investigate the subject of taxation as it relates to public education, and to make a printed report to the National Council of Education not later than the year 1904, unless otherwise directed by this body.

2. That the membership of this committee shall be composed as follows: The Commissioner of Education of the United States, and at least one state superintendent, one superintendent of a large city, one superintendent of a small city or town, one representative of rural schools; the remainder of the committee to be persons chosen for their special fitness for such work without regard to the interests they may represent.

Mr. Greenwood moved that a Committee of Three be appointed by the chair to present Mr. Carr's resolution to the Board of Directors for consideration at its meeting on Friday.

In the absence, because of illness in his family, of D. E. McClure, of Michigan, who had prepared a paper on "The School as a Culture Center in the Light of the 'Hesperia Movement,' ,'" Miss Nicholson explained to the Council the cause of Mr. McClure's absence and stated that, in obedience to the rule of the Association governing such cases, the paper could not be read. She then gave a brief statement of the thought of the paper, and was followed by Ossian H. Lang, of New York, in a discussion of the subject based upon Miss Nicholson's statement.

After this discussion, papers were presented by John Dewey, of Chicago, on "The Social Aspect of Education," and by Miss Anna Tolman Smith, of Washington, D. C., on "The Recent French Reaction against Rousseau's Doctrine and in Favor of Social Education."

Discussion of these papers was opened by C. B. Gilbert, and continued by J. M. Greenwood, W. H. Black, John W. Cook, and W. T. Harris.

The chair named the following Committee to present the request of the Council for an appropriation to defray the expenses of preparing the proposed report on taxation: J. W. Carr, of Indiana. J. M. Greenwood, of Missouri. Charles H. Keyes, of Connecticut.

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After the Council was called to order by Vice-President Nicholson, and before opening the special program of the session, J. W. Carr called attention to a violation of the by-laws in the appointment of the committee to present the Council's request for an appropriation to the Board of Directors, instead of referring the matter to the Committee on Investigations and Appropriations.

After a motion to reconsider this action was made and carried, the subject was duly referred to the Committee on Investigations and Appropriations.

The memorial services appointed for the session were opened with a vocal solo, “The Holy City," by Master Eugene Pauley.

Memorial addresses were made by Henry Sabin, of Iowa, on Dr. Charles C. Rounds, and by Wilbur S. Jackman, of Chicago, on Colonel Francis Wayland Parker.

Following the addresses named, W. T. Harris, E. E. White, John W. Cook, Miss Bettie A. Dutton, and Miss Nicholson spoke feelingly of the character and services of the distinguished members whose loss the Council mourns.

At the close of the memorial services, J. M. Greenwood presented the Report of the Committee on Investigations and Appropriations as follows:

The Committee on Investigations and Appropriations submits the following in reference to the resolutions on "Taxation as it Relates to Public Education," introduced by J. W. Carr, and recommends that the Council request the Board of Directors of the National Educational Association to appropriate the sum of $1,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, to defray the clerical and such other expenses as may be incurred in the preparation of the report, as contemplated in the resolution.

(Signed) J. M. GREENWOOD,

N. C. DOUGHERTY,
FRANK A. FITZPATRICK,
AUGUSTUS S. DOWNING.

Dr. Harris moved that Mr. Greenwood, chairman of the Committee on Investigations and Appropriations, present the report of that committee to the Board of Directors. Carried.

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