History of California - Hubert Howe Bancroft - Google Knjige

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LIBRARY

OF THE

LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR

UNIVERSITY.

450093

Entered according to Act of Congress in the Year 1888, by HUBERT H. BANCROFT,

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.

All Rights Reserved.

CONTENTS OF THIS VOLUME.

CALIFORNIA JUST PRIOR TO THE GOLD DISCOVERY.

The Valley of California-Quality of Population-The Later Incomers ——

Hispano-American, Anglo-American, and Others-Settlers around

San Francisco Bay-San José-The Peninsula-San Francisco-

Across the Bay-Alameda and Contra Costa Valleys--Valleys of the

San Joaquin and Sacramento-Sutter's Fort-Grants and Ranchos-

About Carquines Strait-Napa, Sonoma, and Santa Rosa Valleys--

San Rafael, Bodega, and the Northern Coast-Natural Wealth and

Environment....

THE DISCOVERY OF GOLD.

Situation of Sutter-His Need of Lumber--Search for a Mill Site in the

Mountains-Culuma-James W. Marshall--The Building of a Saw-

mill Determined upon-A Party Sets Forth-Its Personnel-Char-

acter of Marshall-The Finding of Gold-What Marshall and his

Men Thought of It-Marshall Rides to New Helvetia and Informs

Sutter The Interview-Sutter Visits the Mill-Attempt to Secure

the Indian Title to the Land...

THE SECRET ESCAPES.

February, 1848.

Bennett Goes to Monterey-Sees Pfister at Benicia- 'There is What will

Beat Coal!'-Bennett Meets Isaac Humphrey at San Francisco-Un-

successful at Monterey-Sutter's Swiss Teamster-The Boy Wimmer

Tells Him of the Gold-The Mother Wimmer, to Prove her Boy not a

Liar, Shows It-And the Teamster, Who is Thirsty, Shows It at the

Fort-Affairs at the Mill Proceed as Usual-Bigler's Sunday Medi-

tations Gold Found at Live Oak Bar-Bigler Writes his Three

PAGE

Friends the Secret-Who Unite with Them Other Three to Help

Them Keep It-Three Come to Coloma-Discovery at Mormon Island

-The Mormon Exit.......

PROXIMATE EFFECT OF THE GOLD DISCOVERY.

March-August, 1848.

The People Sceptical at First-Attitude of the Press-The Country

Converted by a Sight of the Metal-The Epidemic at San FranciscoX

At San José, Monterey, and down the Coast-The Exodus-De-

sertion of Soldiers and Sailors-Abandonment of Business, of Farms,

and of All Kinds of Positions and Property....

FURTHER DISCOVERIES.

March-December, 1848.

Isaac Humphrey again-Bidwell and his Bar-Reading and his Indians

on Clear Creek-Population in the Mines-On Feather River and

the Yuba-John Sinclair on the American River-The Irishman

Yankee Jim-Dr Todd in Todd Valley-Kelsey-Weber on Weber

Creek-The Stockton Mining Company-Murphy-Hangtown-On

the Stanislaus-Knight, Wood, Savage, and Heffernan-Party from

Oregon On the Mokelumne and Cosumnes-The Sonorans on the

Tuolumne Coronel and Party.....

Variety of Social Phases-Individuality of the Year 1848-Noticeable

Absence of Bad Characters during this Year-Mining Operations--

Ignorance of the Miners of Mining-Implements and Processes—

Yield in the Different Districts-Price of Gold-dust-Prices of Mer-

chandise-A New Order of Things-Extension of Development—

Affairs at Sutter's Fort-Bibliography-Effect on Sutter and Marshall

-Character and Career of These Two Men......

BROADER EFFECTS OF THE GOLD DISCOVERY.

The Real Effects Eternal-How the Intelligence was Carried over the

Sierra-To the Hawaiian Islands-British Columbia-Oregon and

Washington-The Tidings in Mexico-Mason's Messenger in Wash-

ington-California Gold at the War Office-At the Philadelphia

Mint-The Newspaper Press upon the Subject-Bibliography—

Greeley's Prophecies-Industrial Stimulation-Overland and Oceanic

Routes-General Effect in the Eastern States and Europe-Interest

in Asia, South America, and Australia..

THE VOYAGE BY OCEAN.

Modern Argonauts-Pacific Mail Steamship Company-Establishment of

the Mail Line from New York via Panamá to Oregon-Sailing of the

First Steamers-San Francisco Made the Terminus-The Panamá

Transit-The First Rush of Gold-seekers-Disappointments at Pan-

amá-Sufferings on the Voyage-Arrivals of Notable Men by the

First Steamship.....

THE JOURNEY OVERLAND.

Organization of Parties--Brittle Contracts of These Associations-Missis-

sippi River Rendezvous-On the Trail-Overland Routine-Along

the Platte-Through the South Pass-Cholera-The Different Routes

-Across the Desert-Trials of the Pilgrims-Starvation, Disease,

and Death-Passage of the Sierra Nevada-Relief Parties from

California-Route through Mexico-Estimates of the Numbers of

Arrivals-Bewilderment of the Incomers-Regeneration and a New

Site and Surroundings-Rivals-Effect of the Mines-Shipping-Influx

of Population-Physical and Commercial Aspects-Business Firms-

Public and Private Buildings-National Localities-Hotels and Res-

taurants - Prices Current - Property Values - Auction Sales-

Wharves and Streets-Early Errors-Historic Fires-Engines and

Companies-Immigration and Speculation-Politics-The Hounds-

City Government..

Ingathering of Nationalities-Peculiarities of Dress and Manners-Phys-

ical and Moral Features-Levelling of Rank and Position-In the

Mines-Cholera-Hardsnips and Self-denials-A Community of Men

-Adulation of Woman-Arrival and Departure of Steamers-Sani-

tary Condition of San Francisco-Rats and Other Vermin-The

Drinking Habit-Amusements-Gambling-Lotteries and Raffles—

Bull and Bear Fighting-The Drama—Sunday in the Mines-Sum-

POLITICAL HISTORY.

The Slavery Question before Congress-Inaction and Delay-Military

Rule in California-Mexican Forms of Civil and Judicial Govern-

ment Maintained-Federal Officials in California-Governor Mason

---Pranks of T. Butler King-Governor Riley-Legislative Assembly

-Constitutional Convention at Monterey-Some Biographies—Per-

sonnel of the Convention-Money Matters-Adoption of the Consti-

tution-Election

POLITICAL HISTORY.

The First Legislature-Question of State Capital-Meeting of the Legis-

lature at San José-Organization and Acts-Personnel of the Body

-State Officers-Further State Capital Schemes-California in Con-

gress-Impending Issues-Slavery or No Slavery-Admission into

the Union-California Rejoices.....

UNFOLDING OF MINERAL WEALTH.

Extent of Gold Region in 1848-9---American River the Centre-El Do-

rado County-South Fork and Southward-Middle Branch-Placer,

Nevada, Yuba, Sierra, Plumas, Butte, and Shasta Counties-Trinity

and Klamath-Gold Bluff Excitement, 1850-1-Del Norte, Hum-

boldt, and Siskiyou-In the South-Amador, Calaveras, and Tuol-

umne-Table Mountain - Mariposa, Kern, San Bernardino - Los

Angeles and San Diego-Along the Ocean....

GEOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL ANATOMY OF THE MINES.

Physical Formation of the California Valley --The Three Geologic Belts

-Physical Aspect of the Gold Regions-Geologic Formations-In-

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