CHAP. VI. Schuyler on the Point of Resigning-Com-

mittee of Inquiry Report in his Favor-His Memorial to

Congress proves Satisfactory Discussions regarding

the Northern Department-Gates mistaken as to his

Position - He prompts his Friends in Congress--His

Petulant Letter to Washington-Dignified Reply of the

Latter-Position of Gates defined-Schuyler reinstated
in Command of the Department-Gates appears on the
Floor of Congress-His Proceedings there,
347

CHAP. VIL The Highland Passes of the Hudson-George

Clinton in Command of the Forts-His Measures for

Defence-Generals Greene and Knox examine the State

of the Forts-Their Report-The General Command of

the Hudson offered to Arnold-Declined by him--Given

to Putnam-Appointment of Dr. Craik in the Medical

Department-Expedition planned against Fort Independ-

ence-But relinquished--Washington shifts his Camp

to Middlebrook-State of his Army-General Howe

crosses into the Jerseys-Position of the two Armies at

Middlebrook and behind the Raritan-Correspondence

between Washington and Colonel Reed,

350

CHAP. VIII. Feigned Movements of Sir William Howe-

Baffling Caution of Washington-Rumored Inroads from

the North-Schuyler applies for Reinforcements-Re-

newed Schemes of Howe to draw Washington from his

Stronghold-Skirmish between Cornwallis and Lord

Stirling-The Enemy evacuate the Jerseys-Perplexity

as to their next Movement-A Hostile Fleet on Lake

Champlain-Burgoyne approaching Ticonderoga-Spec-

ulations of Washington-His Purpose of keeping Sir

William Howe from ascending the Hudson-Orders

George Clinton to call out Militia from Ulster and Orange

Counties-Sends Sullivan towards the Highlands-Moves

his own Camp back to Morristown-Stir among the

Shipping-Their Destination surmised to be Philadel

phia-A Dinner at Head-Quarters-Alexander Hamilton

--Graydon's Rueful Description of the Army--His

Character of Wayne,

354

CHAP. IX. British Invasion from Canada-The Plan-

Composition of the Invading Army-Schuyler on the

Alert-His Speculations as to the Enemy's Designs-

Burgoyne on Lake Champlain-His War Speech to his

Indian Allies-Signs of his Approach descried from
Ticonderoga-Correspondence on the Subject between
St. Clair, Major Livingston, and Schuyler-Burgoyne
intrenches near Ticonderoga--His Proclaination--Schuy
ler's Exertions at Albany to forward Reinforcements-
Hears that Ticonderoga is evacuated-Mysterious Dis-
appearance of St. Clair and his Troops-Amazement
and Concern of Washington-Orders Reinforcements to
Schuyler at Fort Edward, and to Putnam at Peekskill-
Advances with his Main Army to the Clove-His Hope-
ful Spirit manifested,

357

CHAP. X. Particulars of the Evacuation-Indian Scouts in

the Vicinity of the Forts-Outposts abandoned by St.

Clair-Burgoyne secures Mount Hope-Invests the For-

tress-Seizes and occupies Sugar Hill-The Forts over-

looked and in Imminent Peril-Determination to evacu-

ate-Plan of Retreat-Part of the Garrison depart for

Skenesborough in the Flotilla-St. Clair crosses with the

rest to Fort Independence-A Conflagration reveals his

Retreat The British Camp aroused-Fraser pursues St.

Clair--Burgoyne with his Squadron makes after the Flo-

tilla-Part of the Fugitives overtaken-Flight of the Re-

mainder to Fort Anne-Skirmish of Colonel Long-Re-

treat to Fort Edward-St. Clair at Castleton-Attack of

his Rear Guard-Fall of Colonel Francis-Desertion of

Colonel Hale-St. Clair reaches Fort Edward-Conster-

nation of the Country-Exultation of the British,

362

CHAP. XI. Capture of General Prescott-Proffered in

Exchange for Lee-Reinforcements to Schuyler-Arnold

sent to the North-Eastern Militia to repair to Saratoga

-Further Reinforcements-Generals Lincoln and Arnold

recommended for Particular Services-Washington's

Measures and Suggestions for the Northern Compaign-

British Fleet puts to Sea-Conjectures as to its Destina-

tion-A Feigned Letter-Appearance and Disappearance

of the Fleet-Orders and Counter Orders of Washington

-Encamps at Germantown-Anxiety for the Security

of the Highlands-George Clinton on Guard-Call on

Connecticut,

366

CHAP. XII. Gates on the Alert for a Command-Schuy

ler undermined in Congress-Put on his Guard--Courts

a Scrutiny, but not before an expected Engagement-

Summoned with St. Clair to Head-Quarters-Gates ap-

pointed to the Northern Department-Washington's

Speculations on the Successes of Burgoyne-Ill-judged

Meddlings of Congress with the Commissariat-Colonel

Trumbull resigns in consequence,

370

CHAP. XIII. Washington's Perplexities about the British

Fleet-Putnam and Governor Clinton put on the Alert in

the Highlands-Morgan and his Riflemen sent to the

North-Washington at Philadelphia-His first Interview

with Lafayette-Intelligence about the Fleet-Explana-

tions of its Movements-Review of the Army-Lafay

ette mistakes the nature of his Commission-His Alli-

ance with Washington-March of the Army through

Philadelphia-Encampment at Wilmington,

372

CHAP. XIV. Burgoyne at Skenesborough--Prepares to

move towards the Hudson-Major Skene the Royalist-

Slow March to Fort Anne-Schuyler at Fort Miller-

Painted Warriors-Langdale-St. Lue-Honor of the

Tomahawk Tragical Story of Miss McCrea-Its Re-

sults-Burgoyne advances to Fort Edward -- Schuyler

at Stillwater--Joined by Lincoln-Burgoyne deserted by

his Indian Allies,

376

against Bennington-Germans and their Indian Allies-
Baum, the Hess:an Leader-Stark in the Field-Muster-
ing of the M litia-A Belligerent Parson-Battle of Ben-
Lington-Breyman to the Rescue-Routed-Reception of
the News in the Rival Camps-Washington urges New
England to follow up the Blow,
382

CHAP. XVII. Stratagem of Arnold to relieve Fort Stan-

wix-Yan Yost Cuyler-The Siege pressed-Indianst

intractable-Success of Arnold's Stratagem-Harassed

Retreat of St. Leger-Moral Effect of the two Blows

given to the Enemy-Brightening Prospects in the

American Camp-Arrival of Gates-Magnanimous Con-

duct of Schuyler-Poorly requited by Gates-Corre-

spo.dence between Gates and Burgoyne concerning the

Murder of Miss McCrea,

387

CHAP. XVIII. Landing of Howe's Army on Elk River-

Measures to check it-Exposed S tuation of Washing-

ton in Recono:tring--Alarm of the Country-Procla-

mation of Howe-Arrival of Sullivan-Foreign Officers

ia Camp-Deborre-Conway-Fleury-Count Pulaski-

First Appearance in the Army of Light-Horse Harry"

of Virginia-Washington's Appeal to the Army-Move-

ments of the Rival Forces-Battle of the Brandywine-

Retreat of the Americans-Halt in Chester-Scenes in

Philadelphia during the Battle-Congress orders out

Militia-Clothes Washington with Extraordinary Pow-

ers-Removes to Lancaster-Rewards to Foreign Of

ficers,

389

CHAP. XIX. General Howe neglects to pursue his Ad-
vantage-Washington retreats to Germantown-Re-
crosses the Schuylkill and prepares for another Action-
Prevented by Storms of Rain-Retreats to French Creek

Wayne detached to fall on the Enemy's Rear- His

Pickets surprised-Massacre of Smallwood's Men--

Manœuvres of Howe on the Schuylkill-Washington

sends for Reinforcements-Howe marches into Phila-

delphia,

396

CHAP. XX. Dubious Position of Burgoyne-Collects his
Forces-Ladies of Distinction in his Camp-Lady Har-
Ackland-The Baroness de Riedesel-American

Army reinforced-Silent Movements of Burgoyne-

Watched from the Summit of the Hills-His March

along the Hudson-Position of the two Camps-Battle

on the 19th Sept.-Burgoyne eacamps nearer-Fortifies

his Camp-Promised Co-operation by Sir Henry Clinton

-Determines to await it-Quarrel between Gates and

Arnold-Arnold deprived of Command-Burgoyne waits

for Co-operation,

398

CHAP. XXI. Preparations of Sir Henry Clinton-State of

the Highland Defe.aces-Putnam alarmed-Adva..ce of

the Armament up the Hudson- Plan of Sir Henry Clin-

ton-Peekskill threatened-Putnam deceived-Secret

March of the Enemy through the Mountains-Forts

Montgomery and Clinton overpowered-Narrow Escape

of the Commanders-Co flagration and Explosion of the

American Frigates-Rallying Efforts of Putnam and

Governor Clinton-The Spy and the Silver Bullet-Exo-

pus burnt-Ravaging Progress of the Enemy up the

Hudson,

404

CHAP. XXII. Scarcity in the British Camp-Gates bides

his Time-Foraging Movement of Burgoyne-Battle of

the 7th October-Rout of the British and Hessians-Sit-

uation of the Baroness de Riedesel and Lady Harriet

Ackland during the Battle-Death of Gen. Fraser-His

Funeral-Night Retreat of the British-Expedition of

Lady Harriet Ackland-Desperate Situation of Bur-

goyne at Saratoga-Capitulation-Surrender-Conduct

of the American troops-Scenes in the Camp-Gallant

Courtesy of Schuyler to the Baroness de Riedesel-His

Magsanimous Conduct towards Burgoyne-Return of

the British Ships down the Hudson,

408

CHAP. XXIII. Washington advances to Skippack Creek

-The British Fleet in the Delaware-Foris and Ob

structions in the River-Washington meditates an At-

tack on the British Camp-Battle of Germantown, 417

CHAP. XXIV. Washington at White Marsh-Measures
to cut off the Enemy's Supplies-The Forts on the Del.
aware reinforced-Colonel Greene of Rhode Island at
Fort Mercer-Attack and Defence of that Fort-Death of
Count Donop,
421

426

-

ments-Intrigues of the Cabal-Letters of Lovell and
Mifflin to Gales-The Works at Red Bank destroyed-
The Enemy in Possession of the Delaware,.
CHAP. XXVII. Question of an Attack on Philadelphia-
General Reed at Head-Quarters Enemy's Works re-
connoitred-Opinions in a Council of War-Exploit of
Lafayette-Receives Command of a Division-Modifica-
tion of the Board of War-Gates to preside-Letter of
Lovell-Sally Forth of General Howe-Evolutions and
Skirmishes-Conway I. spector-ge eral-Consultation
about Winter Quarters-Dreary March to Valley Forge
-Hutting-Washington's Vindicatory Letters-Retro-
spect of the Year,

430

437

440

CHAP. XXVIII. Gates on the Ascendant-The Conway
Letter Suspicions- Consequent Correspondence be
tween Gates and Washington-Warning Letter from Dr.
Craik Anonymous Letters-Projected Expedition to
Canada-Lafayette, Gates, and the Board of War,
CHAP. XXIX. Gates undertakes to explain the Conway
Correspondence-Washington's Searching Analysis of
the Explanation-Close of the Correspondence-Spuri-
ous Letters published-Lafayette and the Canada Expe-
dition-His Perplexities-Counsels of Washington,
CHAP. XXX. More Trouble about the Conway Letter-
Correspondence between Lord Stirling and Wilkinson-
Wilkinson's Honor wounded- His Passage at Arms
with General Gates-His Seat at the Board of War un-
comfortable-Determines that Lord Stirling shall bleed
-His Wounded Honor healed-Is Interviews with
Washington-Sees the Correspondence of Gates-De-
nounces Gates and gives up the Secretaryship-Is
thrown out of Employ-Closing Remarks on the Conway
Cabal,

-

444

CHAP. XXXI. Committee of Arrangement-Reforms in
the Army-Scarcity in the Camp-The Enemy revel in
Philadelphia-Attempt to surprise Light-Horse Harry
-His Gallant Defence-Praised by Washington-Pro-
moted-Letter from General Lee-Burgoyne returns to
England-Mrs. Washington at Valley Forge--Bryan
Fairfax visits the Camp-Arrival of the Baron Steuben
-His Character-Disciplines the Army-Greene made

447

Quartermaster-general,

CHAP. XXXII. Fortifications of the Hudson-Project to
surprise Sir Henry Clinton-General Howe forages the
Jerseys-Ships and Stores burnt at Bordentown-Plans
for the next Campaign-Gates and Mitlin under Wash-
ington's Command-Downfall of Conway-Lord North's
Conciliatory B.lls-Sent to Washington by Governor
Tryon--Resolves of Congress-Letter of Washington to
Tryon-Rejoicing at Valley Forge-The Mischianza, 453
CHAP. XXXIII. Lafayette detached to keep Watch on
Philadelphia-His Position at Barren Hill-Plan of Sir
Heary to entrap him- Washington alarmed for his
Safety Stratagem of the Marquis-Exchange of General
Lee and Colonel Ethan Allen-Allen at Valley Forge-
Washington's Opinion of him-Preparations in Phila-
delphia to evacuate-Washington's Measures in Conse-
quence-Arrival of Comm'ssioners from England--Their
Disappointment--Their Proceedings-Their Failure-
Their Manifesto,

457

CHAP. XXXIV. Preparations to evacuate Philadelphia
-Washington calls a Council of War-Lee opposed to
any Attack -Philadelphia evacuated-Movenients in
Pursuit of Sir Henry Clinton-Another Council of War
-Conflict of Opinions-Contradictory Conduct of Lee
respecting the Command-The Battle of Monmouth
Court-House-Subsequent March of the Armies,
CHAP. XXXV. Correspondence between Lee and Wash-
ington relative to the Affair of Monmouth-Lee asks a
Trial by Court-martial-The Verdict-Lee's Subsequent
History,

461

467

CHAP. XXXVI. Arrival of a French Fleet-Correspond-
ence of Washington and the Count D'Estaing-Plans
of the Count-Perturbation at New York-Excitement
in the French Fleet-Expedition against Rhode Island-
Operations by Sea and Land-Failure of the Expedition
-Irritation between the Allied Forces-Considerate
471
Letter of Washington to the Count D'Estaing,
CHAP. XXXVII. Indian Warfare-Desolation of the
Valley of Wyoming-Movements in New York-Coun-
ter Movements of Washington-Foraging Part'es of the
Enemy-Baylor's Dragoons massacred at Old Tappan-
British Expedition against Little Egg Harbor-Massacre
of Pulaski's Infantry-Retaliation on Do op's Rangers
--Arrival of Admiral Byron--Endeavors to entrap
D'Estaing, but is disappointed-Expedition against St.
Lucia-Expedition against Georgia-Capture of Savan-
nah-Georgia subdued-General Lincoln sent to com-
mand in the South,
477

CHAP. XXXVIII. Winter Cantonments of the American

Army-Washington at Middlebrook-Plan of Alarm

Signals for the Jerseys-Lafayette's Project for an Inva-

sion of Canada-Favored by Congress-Condemned by
Washington-Relinquished-Washington in Philadel
phia -The War Spirit declining-Dissensions in Con-
gress-Sectional Feelings-Patriotic Appeals of Wash-
gton-Plans for the next Campaign--Indian Atrocities

to be repressed-Avenging Expedition set on foot --Dis-

contents of the Jersey Troops-Appeased by the Inter-

ference of Washington-Successful Campaign against

the Indians,

481

CHAP. XXXIX. Predatory Warfare of the Enemy-
Ravages in the Chesapeake-Host lities on the Hudson
-Verplanck's Point and Stony Point taken-Capture of
New Haven-Fairfield and Norwalk de troyed-Wash-
ington plans a Counter Stroke-Storming of Stony
Point-Generous Letter of Lee,

486

CHAP. XL. Expedition against Penobscot-Night Sur-
prisal of Paulus Hook-Washington fort fies West
Point-His Style of Living there-Table at Head-Quar-
ters-Sir Henry Clinton reinforced-Arrival of D'Es-
taing on the Coast of Georgia-Plans in consequence-
The French Minister at Washington's Highland Camp
-Letter to Lafayette-D'Estaing co-operates with Lin-
coln - Repulsed at Savannah-Washington reinforces
Lincoln-Goes into Winter Quarters-Sir Henry Clinton
sends an Expedition to the South,
490

VOL. IV.

CHAPTER I. Sufferings of the Army at Morristown-Rig-
orous Winter-Derangement of the Currency-Confu
sion in the Commissariat-Impressment of Supplies-
Patriotic Conduct of the People of New Jersey-The
Bay of New York frozen over-Lord Stirling's Expedi
tion against Staten Island--Kuyphausen's Incursion into
the Jerseys-Caldwell's Church at Elizabethtown burnt
-Character of its Pastor-Foray into Westchester
County-Burning of Young's House in the Valley of the
Neperan,
497

504

CHAP. II. Arnold in Command of Philadelphia-Unpop-

ular Measures-Arnold's Style of Living-His Schemes,

and Speculations-His Collisions with the Executive

Cour el-His Land Project-Charges sent against him

to Congress-His Address to the Public-Charges re-

ferred to a Court-martial-His Marriage-Verdict of the

Court-martial-Arnold reprimanded-Obtains leave of

absence from the Army,

500

CHAP. III. South Carolina threatened-Its Condition and

Population Stormy Voyage of Sir Henry Clinton-Loss

of Horses-Character of Lieute..ant-colonel Tarleto.-

Fleet arrives at Tybee-Sir Henry Clinton advances

upon Charleston-Lincoln prepares for Defence-Com-

modore Whipple-Governor Rutlege-Forebodings of

Washington-Embarkation of British Troops at New

York-Washingto sends De Kalb with Reinforcements

-His Hopeful Letter to Steuben,

CHAP IV. Evils of the Continental Currency-Military

Reforms proposed by Washington-Congress Jealous of

Military Power-Committee of Three sent to confer

with Washington-Losses by Depreciation of the Cur-

rency to be made good to the Troops-Arrival of Lafay

ette-Scheme for a Combined Attack upon New York-

Arnold has Debts and Difficulties-His Proposals to the

French Minister-Axious to return to the Army-

Mutiny of the Connecticut Troops -Washington writes

to Reed for Aid from Pennsylvania-Good Effects of his

Letter,

507

CHAP. V. Siege of Charleston continued-British Ships
enter the Harbor-British Troops march from Savannah
-Tarleton and his Dragoons-His Brush with Colonel
Wa-hington-Charleston reinforced by Woodford-
Tarleton's Exploits at Monk's Corner-At Laneau's
Ferry-Sir Henry Clinton reinforced-Charleston_ca-
pitulates-Affair of Tarleton and Buford on the Wax-
haw-Sir Henry Clinton embarks for New York,
CHAP. VI. Knyphausen marands the Jerseys-Sacking
of Connecticut Farms-Murder of Mrs. Caldwell-Ar
rival and Movements of Sir Henry Clinton-Springfield
Burnt-The Jerseys evacuated,

511

.

516

CHAP. VII. Washington applies to the State Legislatures
for Aid-Subscriptions of the Ladies of Philadelphia-
Gates appointed to command the Southern Department
-French Fleet arrives at Newport-Preparations for a
Combined Movement against New York-Arnold ob
tains Command at West Point-Greene resigns the
Office of Quartermaster-general,
519
CHAP. VIII. North Carolina-Difficulties of its Invasion
-Character of the People and Country-Sumter, his
Character and Story-Rocky Mount-Hanging Rock-
Slow Advance of De Kalb-Gates takes Command-
Desolate March-Battle of Camden-Flight of Gates-

vii

CHAP. XII. Greene takes Command at West Point-In-

sidious Attempts to shake the Confide ce of Washing-

ton in his Officers-Plan to entrap Arnold-Character

of Sergeant Champe-Court of Inquiry into the Conduct

of Gates-Greene appointed to the Southern Depart-

ment-Washington's Instructions to him-Incurs.ons

from Canada -- Mohawk Valley ravaged--State of the

Army-Reforms adopted - Enlistment for the War-

Half-pay,

549

.

.

CHAP. XIII. The Marquis Lafayette and his Light-In-
fantry-Proposes a Brilliant Stroke-Preparations for an
Attack on the British Posts on New York Island-Visit
of the Marquis of Chastellux to the American Camp-
Washington at Head quarters-Attack on the British
Posts given up- Stark forages Westchester County-
Exploit of Tallmadge on Long Island,

452
CHAP. XIV. Rigorous Measures of Cornwallis in South
Carolina-Ferguson sent to scour the Mountain Country
between the Catawba and the Yadkin- Cornwallis in a
Hornet's Nest-Movements of Ferguson--Mountain Men
and Fierce Men from Kentucky-Battle of King's Mou: -
555
Aain-Retrograde March of Cornwallis, .
CHAP. XV. Marion-His Character-Bye-names-Haunts
-Tarleton in Quest of him-Sumter on the West Side
of the Saatee-His Affair with Tarleton at Black Stock
Hill-Gates at Hillsborough-His Domestic Misfortunes

Arrival of Greene-His Considerate Conduct-Gates
Retires to his Estate-Condition of the Army-Strata-
gem of Colonel Washington at Clermont-Morgan de-
tached to the District of Ninety-Six-Greene posts him-
self on the Pedee,
559

CHAP. XVI. Hostile Embarkations to the South-Arnold
in Command-Necessitous State of the Country-Wash-
ington urges a Foreign Loan-Mission of Colonel Lau-
rens in France to seek Aid in Men and Money-Griev-
ances of the Pennsylvania Line-Mutiny-Negotiations
with the Mutineers Articles of Accommodatio-Policy
doubted by Washington-Rigorous Course adopted by
him with other Malco tents--Successful-Ratification
of the Articles of Confederation of the States,

CHAP. XVII. Expedition of Arnold into Virginia-Buc-

caneering Ravages-Checked by Steuben-Arnold at

Portsmouth-Congress resolves to form Heads of De-

partments-Hamilton suggested by Sullivan for Depart

ment of Finance-High Opinion of him expressed by

Washington-Misunderstanding between Hamilton and

the Commander-in-chief, .

563

568

CHAP. XVIII. Cornwallis prepares to invade North

Carolina-Tarleton sent against Morgan-Battle at Cow-

pens-Morgan pushes for the Catawba with Spoils and

Prisoners-Cornwallis endeavors to intercept him--The

Rising of the River-Cornwallis at Ramsour's Mills, 571

CHAP. XIX. Greene joins Morgan on the Catawba-

Adopts the Fabian Policy-Movement of Cornwalli to

cross the Catawba-Aflair at McGowan's Ford - Militia

surprised by Tarleton at Tarrant's Tavern - Cornwallis

checked by the Rising of the Yadkin-Contest of Skill

and Speed of the two Armies in a March to the Banks

of the Dan,.

575

CHAP. XX. Cornwallis takes Post at Hillsborough-His
Proclamation--Greene recrosses the Dan--Country
Scoured by Lee and Pickens-Affair with Colo el Pyle
-Maneuvres of Cornwallis to bring Greene to Actio-
Battle of Guilford Court-House-Greene Retreats to
Troublesome Creek-Cornwallis marches towards Cape
Fear-Greene pursues him-Is brought to a Stand at
Deep River-Determines to face about and carry the
War into South Carolina-Cornwallis Marches for Vir-
ginia,
579
CHAP. XXI. Arnold at Portsmouth, in Virginia-Expe- \
ditions sent against him-Instructions to Lafayette-
Washington at Newport-Consultations with De Ro-

viii

chambeau-Sailing of the French Fleet-Pursued by the
English--Expedition of Lafayette to Virginia-Engage-
ment between the English and French Fleets-Failure
of the Expedition against Arnold-Letter of Washing-
ton to Colonel Laurens-Measures to reinforce Greene
--General Phillips in Command at Portsmouth--Marauds
the Country-Checked by Lafayette-Mount Vernon
menaced--Ďeath of Phillips,
586
CHAP. XXII. Inefficient State of the Army-Maraud of
Delancey- Death of Colonel Greene-Arrival of the
Count De Barras-French Naval Force expected-In-
terview of Washington and De Rochambeau at Weath-
ersfield-Plan of Combined Operations-Financial Ar-
rangement of Robert Morris-Scheme to attack the
Works on New York Island and capture Delancey's
Corps-Encampments of American and French Armies
in Westchester County--Reconnoitring Expeditions, 591
CHAP. XXIII. Movements and Counter-movements of
Cornwallis and Lafayette in Virginia-Tarleton and his
Troopers scour the Country-A Dash at the State Legis-
lature Attempt to surprise the Governor at Monticello
-Retreat of Jefferson to Carter's Mountain-Steuben
outwitted by Simcoe -Lafayette joined by Wayne and
Steuben-Acts on the Aggressive-Desperate Mélée of
Macpherson and Simcoe-Cornwallis pursued to James-
town Island-Mad Anthony in a Morass-His Impetuous
Valor-Alertness of Lafayette-Washington's Opinion
of the Virginia Campaign,

596

CHAP. XXVI. Cornwallis aroused to his Danger-His
Retreat to the Carolinas cut off-Strengthens his Works
-Action between the French and British Fleets-Wash-
ington and De Rochambeau visit the French Fleet-Ope-
rations before Yorktown,

.

CHAP. XXVII. Greene on the High Hills of Santee-The
Enemy harassed-Greene marches against Stuart-Bat-
tle near Eutaw Springs,

612

CHAP. XXVIII. Siege and Surrender of Yorktown, 615
CHAP. XXIX. D'ssolution of the Combined Armies-
Washington at Eltham-Death of John Parke Custis-
Washington at Mount Vernon-Correspondence about
the Lext Campaign-Lafayette sails for France-Wash-
inton stimulates Congress to Military Preparations-
Project to surprise and carry off Prince William Henry
from New York-The case of Captain Asgill,
CHAP. XXX. Washington continues his Precautions--Sir
Guy Carleton bring Pacific News-Discontents of the
Army-Extraordinary Letter from Colonel Nicola-In-
dignant Reply of Washington-Joint Letter of Sir Guy
Carleton and Admiral Digby-Junction of the Allied
Armies on the Hudson-Contemplated Reduction of the
Army,
625

621

608

.

CHAP. XXXI. Discontents of the Army at Newburg-
Memorial of the Officers to Congress-Anonymous Pa-
pers c.rculated in the Camp-Meeting of Officers called

Address of Washington-Resolutions in Consequence
--Letters of Washington to the President -His Opinion
of the Anonymous Addresses and their Author,
627
CHAP. XXXII. News of Peace-Letter of Washington in
Behalf of the Army-Cessation of Hostilities
proclaimed
-Order of the Cincinnati formed-Letter of Washing-
ton to the State Governors-Mutiny in the Pent sylvania
Line-Letter of Washington on the Subject-Tour to the
Northern Posts,
631

CHAP. XXXIII. The Army to be discharged-Parting
Address of Wash gton-Evacuation of New York-
Parting Scene of Washington with his Officers at New
York-Washington resigns his Commission to Congress
-Retires to Mount Vernon,
636
CHAP. XXXIV. Washington at Mount Vernon-A Sol-
dier's Repose-Plans of Domestic Life-Kind Offer of
the Council of Pennsylvan'a-Historical Application8—
News of Jacob Van Braam-Opening of Spring-Agri-
cultural Life resumed-Recollections of the Fairfaxes-
Meeting of the Order of Cincinnati-Tour of Washington

and Dr. Craik to the West-Ideas of Internal Improve-
ment-Parting with Lafayette,

639

CHAP. XXXV. Scheme of Inland Navigation-Shares of
Stock offered to Washington-Declined-Rural Improve-
ments-The Tax of Letter-writing-The Tax of Sitting
for Likenesses--Ornamental Gardening-Management
of the Estate--Domestic Life-Visit of Mr. Watson-
Reverential Awe inspired by Washington-Irksome to
him-Instances of his Festive Gayety--Of his Laughing
-Passion for Hunting revived-Death of Gen. Greene-
His Character-Washington's Regrets and Eucomiums
-Letters to the French Noblemen,

644
CHAP. XXXVI. Washington doubts the Solidity of the
Confederation-Correspondence with John Jay on the
Subject Plan of a Convention of all the States to revise
the Federal System-Washington heads the Virginia
Delegation--Insurrection in Massachusetts-The Con-
vention A Federal Constitution organized-Rati
fied,

652

CHAP. XXXVII. Washington talked of for the Presi-
dency-His Letters on the Subject expressing his Reluc-
tane-His Election-His Progress to the Seat of Gov-
erment-His Reception at New York-The Inaugura-
tion,
657

CHAP. III. Journey of Mrs. Washington to New York-
Honors paid her in her Progress-Receptions at the Sat
of Government-The President's Equipage,
669
CHAP. IV. Alarming Illness of the President-The Sen-
ate rejects one of his Nominations-His sensitive Vi di-
cation of it-Death of his Mother-Her Character-The
Executive Departments instituted-Selection of Officers
for the Treasury and War Departments-Hamilton in-
structed to report a Financial Plan at the ext Se-sion
of Congress--Arrangement of the Judiciary Department
-Edmund Randolph--Adjournment of Congress-Its
Character, by Fisher Ames,

671
CHAP. V. The Department of State still without a Head
-Sketch of Jefferson's Character and Opinions-Deeply
immersed in French Politics at Paris-Gouverneur Mor-
ris abroad-Contrast of his and Jefferson's Views on the
French Crisis--News of the French Revolution in Amer-
ica-Popular Excitement-Washington's cautious Opin-
ion on the Subject-Hamilton's apprehensive View-
Jefferson offered a Place in the Cabinet as Secretary of
State,
673

677

CHAP. VI. Washington's Journey through the Eastern
States-John Hancock-Clashing between the Civil and
Municipal Authorities on the President's Entry into Bos-
ton-A Contest of Etiquette-Washington's account of
his Entry-His Reception-A new Punctilio-Address
of the Cincinnati Society-Return to New York,
CHAP. VII. Col. John Trumbull-Message to Washing-
ton from Lafayette--Jefferson's Embarkation for Amer-
ica-Washington forwards his Commission as Secretary
of State-His Acceptance,
679
CHAP. VIII. Reassembling of Congress-Financial Con-
dition of the Country-Its Debt at Home and Abroad-
Debts of the States-Hamilto:'s Report-Opposition to
it-Dr. Stuart's warning Letter to Washington-is
Reply-Jefferson's arrival at the Seat of Gover: ment-
New York at that Period-Jefferson apprehends Monar-
chical Designs,
680
CHAP. IX. The Assumption of the State Debts discussed
-Washington in Favor--A Majority of Two against it-
Hamilton's Appeal to Jefferson on the Subject-The lat-
ter arranges for a Compromise-His Account of it-Ad-
justment about the Seat of Government-Assumption
carried-Treaty of Peace with the Creeks-Cavillings
about Presidential Etiquette-Washington's Defence-
Adjournment of Congress-Fancied Harmony of the
Calnet-Jefferson suspects Hamilton of Finesse in pro-
curing his Agency in the Assumption,
684

CHAP. X. Lafayette at the Head of the Revolution in
France-His Letter to Washington-Gouverneur Mor-

ris's Opinion of his Position-Washington's dubious and

anxious Views-Presented by Lafayette with the Key

of the Bastille-Visits Rhode Island and Mount Ver-

non,

686

CHAP. XI. Frontier Difficulties with the Indians-Gen-
eral Harmer's Expedition against them-Ambuscade of
Col. Hardin's Detachment-Escape of Capt. Armstrong
-A second Detachment of Col. Hardin compelled to re-
treat-Washington's long Anxiety as to the Result of
the Enterprise-Final Tidings,
688

690

CHAP. XII. Congress reassembles at Philadelphia-Resi-
dence of Washington at the new Seat of Government-
The State Carriage-Hamilton's Financial Arrangements
-Impost and Excise Bill-Passage of a Bill for a Na-
tional Bank-Jefferson's Objections-Formation of two
Political Parties under Hamilton and Jefferson-Their
different Views-Dissatisfaction of Congress at the Re-
port of Harmer's Expedition-Washington's Address to
the Seneca Chiefs-His Desire to civilize the Savages--
Kentucky and Vermont admitted into the Union-First
Congress expires-A new Expedition projected against
the Hostile Tribes under General St. Clair-Washing-
ton's Solemn Warning on taking Leave of him,
CHAP. XIII. Washington's Tour through the Southern
States Letter to Lafayette-Gloomy Picture of French
Affairs by Gouverneur Morris- His Allusion to Lafayette
-Lafayette depicts the Troubles of a Patriot Leader-
Washington's Reply-Jefferson's ardent Views of the
French Revolution-Distrust of John Adams-His Cou-
tributions to Fenno's Gazette-Reprint of Paine's Rights
of Man-Flight and Recapture of Louis XVI.-Jefferson
communicates the News to Washington-His Satisfac-
tion when the King accepts the Constitution,

CHAP. XIV. Rural Hours at Mount Vernon-Assem-

bling of Second Congress - Washington's opening

Speech-Two Expeditions organized against the Indians,

under Scott and Wilkinson-Their feeble Result-Third

Expedition under St. Clair-His disastrous Contest and

dismal Retreat-How Washington received the Intelli-

gence,

694

692

CHAP. XV. The Apportionment Bill-Washington's Veto
-His Concern at the growing Asperities of Congress—
Intended Retirement-Jefferson's determination to re-
tire at the same Time-Remonstrance of Washington-
His Request to Madison to prepare Valedictory-Wayne
appointed to succeed St. Clair-Congress adjourns-
Washington at Mount Vernon-Suggests Topics for his
Farewell Address-Madison's Draft-Jefferson urges
his continuance,
698
CHAP. XVI. Jefferson's Suspicions-Contemred by Ham-
ilton-Washington's Expostulation-Complains of the
Conduct of Freneau's l'aper-Hamilton and Randolph
urge him to a Re-election-A warring Cabinet-Hamil-
ton's attack on Jefferson-Washington's healing Admo-
nition-Replies of the two Secretaries-Continued Hos-
tility to the Excise Law-Washington's Proclamation
-Renewed Effort to allay the Discord in his Cabinet, 703

CHAP. XVII. Washington unanimously re-elected

Opening of Session of Congress-Topics of the Presi-

dent's Speech-Abortive attack upon the Secretary

of the Treasury-Washington installed for his Second

Term,

708

CHAP. XVIII. Gouverneur Morris Minister at the French

Court His Representations of the State of Affairs-

Washington's Concern for Lafayette-Jefferson annoyed

at his Forebodings-Overthrow of the French Mon-

archy Imprisonment of Lafayette-Jefferson con-

cerned, but not discouraged at the Republican Massacres

-Wa-hington shocked-His Letter to the Marchioness

Lafayette,

709

CHAP. XIX. Washington's Entrance upon his Second

Term-Gloomy Auspices-Execution of Louis XVI. --

France declares War against England-Belligerent Ex-

citement in America- Proclamation of Neutrality-

French Mission to the United States-Genet arrives

in Charleston-His Reception in Philadelphia-Views

of Jefferson and Hamilton-Washington's dispassionate

Opinion,

.

.

.

CHAP. XX. Genet presents his Letter of Credence-His
Diplomatic Speech-Washington's Conversation with
Jefferson-Capture of the Ship Grange and other Brit-
ish Vessels-Question of Restitution-Dissatisfaction of
Genet-Demands Release of two American Citizens-
Washington's Sensitiveness to the Attacks of the Press
-His unshaken Determination,
714

712

.

ix

mination communicated to Genet-The Vessel sails in

Defiance of it-Formation of the Democratic Society-

The Recall of Genet determined on-The Ribald Lam-

poon-Washington's Outburst,

716

CHAP. XXI. Washington called to Mount Vernon-The

case of the Little Sarah comes up in his Absence-Gov-

ernor Mifflin determined to prevent her Departure-

Rage of Genet-Jefferson urges Detention of the Priva-

teer until the President's Return-Evasive Assurance of

Genet-Distrust of Hamilton and Knox-Washington

returns to Philadelphia-A Cabinet Council-Its Deter-

.

CHAP. XXII. Threatened Dissolution of the Cabinet-

Action between the Ambuscade and Boston-Trium.

phant return of the former to New York-A French

Fleet arrives same Day-Excitement of the People-

Genet arrives in the midst of it-His enthusiastic Re

ception-Is informed by Jefferson of the Measures for

his Recall-His Rage and Reply-Decline of his Popu

jarity,

719

CHAP. XXIII. Neutrality endangered by Great Brit

ain-Her Ill-advised Measures-Detention of Vessels

bound for France-Impressment of American Seamen

-Persistence in holding the Western Posts-Congrese

assembles in December-The President's opening Speech

-His Censure of Genet-The Vice-President's Allusion

to it-The Administration in a Minority in the House-

Proclamation of Neutrality sustained-Jefferson's Re-

port - Retires from the Cabinet-His parting Rebuke to

Genet-His Character of Washington,

722

CHAP. XXIV. Debate on Jefferson's Report on Com-

Inercial Intercourse-A Naval Force proposed for the

Protection of Commerce against Piratical Cruisers-

Further Instances of the Audacity of Genet-His Recall

-Arrival of his Successor-Irritation excited by British

Captures of American Vessels-Preparations for De-

fence-Embargo-Intense Excitement at "British Spoli-

ations" - Partisans of France in the ascendant-A

Chance for Accommodating Difficulties-Jefferson's

Hopes of Reconciliation-The War Cry uppermost-

Washington determines to send a Special Envoy to the

British Government Jefferson's Letter to Tench

Coxe, .

725

CHAP. XXV. James Monroe appointed Minister to

France in place of Gouverneur Morris recalled-His Re-

ception-Pennsylvania Insurrection-Proclamation of

Washington-Perseverance of the Insurgents-Second

Proclamation-The President proceeds against them-

General Morgan-Lawrence Lewis-Washington ar-

ranges a Plan of Military Operations-Returns to Phila-

delphia, leaving Lee in Command-Submission of the

Insurgents-The President's Letter on the Subject to

729

Jay, Minister at London,

CHAP. XXVI. Washington's Denunciation of Self-created

Societies -Not relished by Congress-Campaign of

General Wayne-Hamilton reports a Plan for the Re-

demption of the Public Debt-And retires from his Post

as Secretary of the Treasury-Is succeeded by Oliver

Wolcott-Resignation of Knox-Succeeded by Timothy

Pickering--Close of the Session,

.

732

737

CHAP. XXVII. Washington's Anxiety about the Pro-

gress of the Negotiation with England-Jay's Treaty

arrives for Ratification-Predisposition to condemn--

Return of Jay-Adet succeeds Fauchet as Minister from

France-The Treaty laid before the Senate-Ratified

with a Qualification-A Novel Question-Popular Dis

content-Abstract of the Treaty published-Violent Op-

position to it-Washington resolved to ratify

-- His

Resolution suspended-Goes to Mount Vernon-Reply
to an Address from Boston-Increasing Clamor, 734
CHAP. XXVIII. Washington recalled to the Seat of
Government-Conduct of Randolph brought in question
-Treaty signed-Resignation of Randolph-His Corre-
spondence with Washington-Unlimited Disclosure per-
mitted-Appearance of his Vindication Pickering
transferred to the Department of State-M'Henry ap-
pointed Secretary of War-Arrival of George Washing-
ton Lafayette,
CHAP. XXIX. Meeting of Congress. Washington's
Official Summary of the Events of the Year-Cordial
Response of the Senate-Partial Demur of the House-
Washington's Position and Feelings with regard to Eng-
land, as shown by himself-Mr. Adet presents the
Colors of France-The Treaty returned-Proceedings
thereupon-Thomas Pinckney resigns as Minister at
London-Rufus King appointed in his place-Washing-
ton's View of the Political Campaign-Jefferson's Fears
of an Attempt to sow Dissension between him and Wash-
ington-Mr Monroe recalled, and C. C. Pinckney ap-
pointed in his Stead-Resentful Policy of France, 740

CHAP. XXX. Washington's Farewell Address-Meets

the two Houses of Congress for the last Time-His

Speech-Replies of the Senate and House-Mr. Giles-

Andrew Jackson-Offensive Publication of the French

Minister John Adams declared President-Washing-

ton's Letter to Knox on the Eve of his Retirement-The

Spurious Letters-II's Farewel Dinner-John Adams

takes the Oath of Office-Greetings of Washington at

the close of the Ceremony,

745

CHAP. XXXI. Washington at Mount Vernon-Influx of
strange Faces-Lawrence Lewis-Miss Nelly Custis-