goods, amounting to 2,898,866 dollars, and cotton-fabrics,—-including yarns,-to the extent of 4,722,836 dollars; whilst the importation of raw cotton and other Indian produce formed an item of 7,645,564 dollars, exclusive of opium, of which the enormous quantity of 40,000 chests were supplied by the contraband trade, representing a value of nearly 20,000,000 Spanish dollars! The value of the British merchandise imported in 1845, in 158 British vessels, 78,823 tons, and 60 Hong-Kong lorchas, 3,508 tons, was 4,770,960 dollars; the value of the imports of Indian produce, and that of other countries, 10,715,502 dollars. in 1847, was 9,625,760 dollars, or £2,085,581. The imports inThe value of the merchandise imported into C. in British ships, cluded 140,323 changs of English-manufactured broadcloth, &c; 40,782 changs of narrow woollens; 369,166 changs of long ells; 135,524 changs of camlets; 19,348 changs of bombazettes; 22,006 changs of woollens: 575,886 pieces of cotton manufacture; 14.248 dozen of handkerchiefs; 25,118 d. worth of ginghams, dyed cottons, velvets, mixtures, and fancy goods; 27,745 piculs of cotton yarn and thread; 10,256 d. worth of clocks, watches, telescopes, dressing-cases, ironmongery, perfumery, &c. 3.992 piculs of flints; 5,580 dols. of glass and glass-ware; 6,005 piculs of bar iron; 601 boxes of tin-plates: 12,824 d. of wine, beer, and spirits: 470,578 piculs of East India cotton; 12,810 catties of Indian cochineal; 12,786 catties of elephants' teeth; 14,673 skins, furs, &c, the produce of East India; 155 piculs of soap, and 19,197 piculs of sandal-wood. Mr. M'Gregor states that the quantities of British woollens imported into C. during 1844 amounted to 4,745,448 yards, and that of British cottons to 1,158,476 pieces. Here the joss-stick and oil are daily burned, and form the incense which these poor people offer to their imaginary deity." [Athenæum.] The beds are fixed below the decks, which constitute the housefloors, as it were, and are removable. In the hinder part of the vessel is the store, which is used for all cooking purposes; with one considerable apartment for live animals only, especially ducks and waterfowl, which go in and out of their own floating homes with an instinct more surprising than their docility on land. Mandarins in their barges go up and down the river, as they do in processions in the city, looking after, controlling, and regulating the community of the waters as their especial jurisdiction. "Whole streets of wooden houses are also built upon the sides of the river and the numerous canals in the suburbs of C., upon stakes which are driven firmly into the mud. These dwellings resemble the travelling-shows which one often sees in the market-towns of England; suppose that instead of the wheels which these vehicles generally have, they were supported upon posts over water, and crowded The exports from C. in 1844, in 164 English vessels, = 83,679 together in hundreds and thousands, forming crooked tons, amounted in value to 17,925,360 Spanish d., or £3,883,828, and irregular streets, then you have a good idea of forming a surplus above the imports of £432,516. They conthe dwelling-houses of the Chinese on the C. river.sisted of raw produce and manufactured articles, amongst which Thousands of the inhabitants live and enjoy health and happiness in such places, which, according to our ideas, would soon be graves for Europeans-such is the difference of constitution." [Athenæum.] ture. tea, raw silk, and cassia, as usual, formed the most important articles, constituting, in fact, nine-tenths of the value of all the articles exported; of which 16,398,950 dollars consisted of raw produce, and 1,526,410 of various articles of Chinese manufac The value in round numbers of the return cargoes shipped off for C. in British vessels was distributed thus, viz.:-To ports of the United Kingdom, 15,400,000 dollars; to ports of British East India, 2,100,000; and to ports of Singapore, Manilla, Australia, Nova Scotia, and North America, 400,000 dollars. Amongst the exports to England may be mentioned two cargoes of raw sugar, of 8,822 piculs [1 picul = 133 lbs. 54 oz. avoird.], under the act of the 7th and 8th Victoria, c. 28. The actual quantities of tea exported from C. in 1844, in British vessels alone, represented a value of 13,432,958 out of the grand total of 17,925.360 dollars. This tea was exported to England, British India, British America, Australia, Manilla, Singapore, the Cape, and Lima. The value of the raw produce exported in 1845 was 19,293,262 dollars; of manufactured articles, 20,524,494 dollars. The total value of the merchandise exported from C. in 1846 amounted to 15,721,940 d., or to £3,406,420. The articles exported included raw produce, as alum, cassia, lignea, quicksilver, rhubarb, silk, and tea (336,496 piculs); and manufactured articles, as furniture, bamboo ware, bone and horn ware, china ware, glass and glass ware, ivory, mother-of-pearl, sandal-wood, and tortoise-shell ware, mats and matting, nankeens and cotton cloth, paper of all sorts, preserves, rattan-work, silk and silk manufactures, sugarcandy, and vermilion. The exports were principally entered for England, the English colonies, and the East Indies. The miscellaneous exports included camphor, cubebs, Chinese copper coin, crockery, drums, clothes ready made, artificial flowers, caps, glue, incense sticks, china, indigo, gamboge, galls, hemp, China ink, lanterns, marble slabs, mirrors, musk, oil, paintings. pictures on rice-paper, pearls for ornamental purposes, shoes, tinfoil, turmeric, silk umbrellas, and wood-ware. All the above articles were exported in British ships. "From the details thus furnished," remarks Mr. Vice-Consul M'Gregor, on the 14th of March, 1848, "it is manifest that the British export trade from China in the year 1847 has not been attended with so favourable a result as was anticipated at the close of the preceding year. Our trade with this port (C.) has had to cope with serious difficulties, arising from stagnation of business, failures, and distrust; but principally from the depreciated value of the commodities exchanged." The Vice-Consul repeats an opinion formerly exported from England to China for sale is regulated by, and dependent on, the amount of tea and other Chinese produce which the English are prepared to consume at home. Unless, therefore, means be devised to increase that consumption, by a reduction of the enormous duty on tea, or in some other manner, Mr. McGregor deems it very doubtful whether it will be possible, even under the most favourable circumstances, to extend our commercial transactions with China beyond their present limits, even availing ourselves to the full extent of the advantages held out by the treaties.-The registered tonnage of British vessels which touched at the port of C. in 1844 amounted to 125,192} tons; the tonnage dues paid by them to 61,452 taels; and the import and export duties to 1,716,071 taels; making a grand total of 1,777,524 taels, or 2,468,784 dollars, of which 85,351 were levied on shipping, 821,882 upon imports, and 1,561,551 upon exports. Mr. M'Gregor says, "Calculating the articles of import (exclusive of treasure, which is duty-free) at 15,500,000 dollars, and the value of exports at 17,925,000, the duty imposed upon the former will be found equal to 5 1-3d per cent., and upon the latter to nearly 9 per cent. ad valorem. Thus the British trade at C. alone supplied a far greater amount of revenue to the Chi As C. is still the chief emporium of European commerce in the empire, a full account of its trade will be given under the article CHINA. Its principal article of exportation is tea. In 1793, while the English private trade in this commodity amounted to 23.733,810 lbs., the other nations of Europe and America received only 5,577,200 lbs., of which 4,096,800 lbs. were exported in Dutch vessels. All European countries (with the exception of Russia) and America have hitherto drawn their supplies of tea from the Eastern tea districts through the port of C. It appears that the quantities of tea retained for home consumption in the United Kingdom amounted, in 1740, to 1,493,625 lbs., and in 1844 (a century afterwards) to no less than 41,363,770 lbs. In the period between 1740 and 1766, the consumption varied from 473,868 lbs. to 5,307,292 lbs. annually; between 1767 and 1783, from 3,776,229 lbs. to 7.328,098 lbs. annually; between 1784 and 1794, from 10,159,701 lbs. to 18,665,365 lbs. annually; between 1795 and 1805, from 18,858,427 lbs. to 25,400,294 lbs. annually; between 1806 and 1818, from 21,065,843 lbs. to 26,527,531 lbs. annually; between 1819 and 1833, from 25,241,693 lbs. to 31,829,620 lbs. annually; between 1834 and 1837, it averaged 37,827,774 lbs. annually. In 1840, it amounted to 22,576,405 lbs.; in 1842, to 37.409,544 lbs.; and in 1844, to 52,179,533 lbs. In the year 1844, the total export of tea from Canton was 72,567,111 lbs., of which 15.825.000 lbs. went to America; 2,338,867 lbs. to Holland; 101,256 lbs. to France; 17,109 lbs. to Belgium; 449,643 lbs. to the Hanse towns; 470,887 lbs. to India; 557,765 lbs. to Australia; 28.001 lbs. to the East India islands; 80,864 lbs. to the Cape of Good Hope: 43,675 lbs. to Peru; 2,488 lbs. to Mexico; 6,000 lbs. to Brazil; 130,800 lbs. to Nova Scotia; and 334,423 lbs. to unknown destinations The total shipment of tea to Great Britain in 1845-6 was 57,622,803 lbs.; in 1846-7, 53,448,339 lbs.; but a considerable portion of the latter shipment, perhaps 10,000,000 Ibs, was from Shanghai, which, Sir J. Davis is of opinion, must attract to itself in due time the larger portion of the British tea trade, being so much nearer to the place of production. In 1847-8, the total export of tea to Great Britain was only 47,682,681 lbs; and from 1st July 1848 to 20th June 1849, 47,251,853 lbs., in 86 vessels, of which 56 sailed from C., and 30 from Shang-pressed by him, that the amount of manufactured goods exhai. The other exports of C. consist chiefly in porcelain, raw and wrought silks, nankeen cloths, camphor, alum, quicksilver, turmeric, &c.; and its imports from England are woollens, lead, tin, furs, &c. From official statements, it appears that the total number of vessels which arrived at the port of C. during the year 1844 amounted to 306, = 142,099 tons, of which 228 were British, and 57 American; and the total number which departed during the same time amounted to 296, 140,182 tons, of which 228 were British, and 49 American vessels. The Dutch sent 11 vessels, and the French 2. The arrivals in 1845 were 302 vessels, of which 182 were English,= 86,087 tons; 83 American; and 11 Dutch. In 1847, 312 vessels, = 125,920 tons, arrived at C., of which 221 were British, and 60 American. There were, in 1844, imported into the port of C., in 206 English vessels, = 104,322 tons, and 96 Hong Kong lorchas, = 5,774 tons burden, various articles of merchandise amounting in value to 15,929,132 Spanish dollars, or £3,451,312. The imports consisted chiefly of British Woollen and cotton manufactures, clocks and watches, hardware, ironmongery, iron in bolts and bars, tin-plates, Indian produce, spices, and miscellaneous articles. The British manufactures and stable articles figured for 7,860,676 dollars, including woollen nese government than the sum (2,084,000 dollars) at which the produce of the whole of the Chinese trade was estimated by Mr. Thom, in the year 1842." The movement of British shipping in the trade with C. in 1848 employed some 114 British vessels, 50,720 tons. The value of the imports amounted to 6,534,597 d., or £1,334,147; and that of the exports to 8,653,033 d., or £1,776,661. The tonnage dues and import and export duties paid by English vessels at C. in 1848, amounted respectively to 33,746 taels and 920,325 taels. In As regards the foreign trade of other nations at C., in 1844 America figured for 2,445,870 dollars imports, and 6,686,171 dollars exports, and in 1845 for 3,209,301 dollars imports, and 7,979,864 exports; France in 1844 for 33,823 d. imports, and 37,130 d. exports, and in 1845 for 8,318 d. imports and 93,010 exports; Holland in 1844 for 231,708 imports, and 572,188 exports; Belgium for 60,517 imports, and 9,002 exports; Denmark for 51,999 imports, but no exports (the only vessel employed in the China trade by that country in 1844, being still in the river at the date of the returns); Sweden for 18,234 imports, and 153,688 exports; Germany for 5.743 imports, and 122,888 exports 1845 Germany had 123,530 d. imports, and 419,973 d. exports. The general view of the foreign trade, prepared by Mr. M'Gregor, shows that the gross total estimated value of the import trade from foreign countries at the port of C., amounted in 1844 to 17,843,249 dollars, or £3.866,037; of which 15,506,240 d. represented the trade of Great Britain; and that the total value of the concurrent export trade amounted to 25,513,949 d., or £5,528,022, of which 17,925,360 d. represented the trade of Great Britain. He informs us, that the late treaties have had, as might have been expected, a very favourable influence in extending the commercial relations of the United States of America with the Celestial empire. Of the imports of 1844 into China from that country, valued at 1,320,170 dollars, cotton-fabrics formed an item of 660,257 dollars. The other staple commodities of America for which there is a constant demand, are lead, ginseng, and cotton; 48,646 piculs of rice were imported in consequence of the failure of the crops in the south provinces of the empire. Of the exports from China to America, Mexico, Peru, &c., valued at 6,686,161 dollars, tea alone formed an item of 5,064,926. The sum of 1,184,891 dollars was absorbed in the purchase of silks, of which, however, a great portion went to the west coast of America. In 1847, the imports of Indian cotton at C. were valued at £976.000; in 1848, at £582,000. The cotton goods imported from Great Britain in 1847 were 566,242 pieces; in 1848, 310,876 pieces. Large fleets of junks also arrive annually at C. from Siam, the Straits, Borneo, and Cochin-China. The following table exhibits the number and tonnage of merchant vessels which arrived at the port of C. during the year ending Dec. 31, 1847 and 1848: Elephants' teeth, 13,600 Fishmaws, 31,550 171 72,345 . 100,000 8,653,033 £1,766,661 At the exchange of 4s. 1d. per dollar, All European vessels stop at Whampoa, an anchorage opposite Dane island, about 12 m. from C., and here deliver and load their cargoes, which are transported to and from the factories in junks None are permitted to go beyond this point; indeed, ships of great draught could not proceed much farther, by reason of the shallowness of the water. The country around C. is pleasant and healthy; and the approach to the city by water, presents the most beautiful and picturesque scenery that can be imagined. In the background, on the N and NE sides, high and fantastically shaped mountains raise their summits among the clouds, while all around, with little exception, to the foot of these mountains-which form the key to the occupation of the city--the ground seems a level verdant plain intersected with innumerable branches of the river, and artificial canals, which serve both for irrigation and for communication with the interior. It is this last circumstance that renders the scenery of the Tigris or C. river so truly picturesque. "The sea, near its mouth, is studded all over with numerous islands, of which a good view is obtained in going over from Hong-Kong to Macao; and in sailing from either of these places to C. we pass a succession of them, most of which are mountainous, having huge masses of rock and yellow gravelly clay protruding here and there all over the surface, and but thinly covered with vegetation of any kind. Sometimes, however, in our progress we have views of beautiful bays with a few acres of level land near the shore, in the midst of which there are some pretty houses or huts surrounded with a few trees and shrubs. These quiet villages abound with pirates, who frequently commit acts of the most cold-blooded cruelty, and render the passages between Hong-Kong, C., and Macao, unpleasant and dangerous. Lorchas having a valuable cargo on board, are frequently attacked, and the crew and passengers murdered for the sake of the contents of the vessel, which is generally ransacked, and afterwards burned or destroyed. Large quantities of rice are grown, both on the islands formed by the river, and on the flats on the mainland; the tide is kept out by embankments, where of course the ground can be overflowed at will. These embankments are not allowed to be idle, but are made to produce crops of plantains, as well as to preserve the ground from the inundations of the tide. When the land is too high to be overflowed by the tide, the water-wheel is brought into play. A great number of the common fruit-trees of the country are also grown all over the plains and near the side of the river. Large quantities of the water lily, or lotus, are grown, both below and above the city, near the sides of the river, and the plots containing them are embanked in the same manner as the rice-fields." The garrison of C. consists of about 20,000 Tartars, and its pop. is estimated at 1,500,000. The pop. of the city and suburbs of C. must be immense, when we know that of shoemakers there are about 25,000; of carpenters, 16,000; of weavers, 15,000; of lapidaries, 7,000. About 17,000 individuals, women and children included, are engaged in silk manufactures, and 50,000 in those of cloth. [Gutzlaff.] The people who live on the river in small boats are computed at 50,000; there are also 84,000 boats of various sizes belonging to the district, and trading along the river between C. and Whampoa. In the city and suburbs of C. there are 1,600 houses of ill fame, which pay each a monthly license to the police of 200 Spanish dollars. It is known by the issue of permits, that there are daily slaughtered in the city of C. 24,000 pigs. The five principal districts contain each about 1,000 unpaid police; the middle sized ditto, 300 to 400; and the smallest, 100 to 200; all these gain a livelihood by preventing, conniving at, from 8,000 to 10,000 trading-vessels lying before the or encouraging crime. There are never less than city; independent of the smaller fry of the boat-craft, trafficking in provisions. The mandarin pleasureboats are the stars of the river; which is thronged with vessels of every grade and quality, from C. down to Whampoa, where the foreign vessels lie. Among the trading classes there are numbers who can talk broken English and Portuguese, but no other European language, so that the French, Dutch, and Danes, are obliged to carry on their intercourse in one or the other of these tongues. According to Raper, the average temperature of this city in 1774 was 75° 4'; the greatest heat in January being 66° 5', and the least 51°; the greatest heat in August 89°, and the least 80°. In the winter season there is sometimes a difference in the temp. of 20° or 25° between morning and noon. Though C. is but 24° from the equator, and is scorchingly hot in summer, in December and January it is subject to high winds, and heavy rains: the Chinese then take to their winter-dresses, lined with furs or quilted cotton. Fans are equally used by men, women, and children; and it is not unusual for persons in cold weather to carry live quails in their hands for warmth. During the heavy rains, the streets of C. are almost impassable; and the inhabitants, in many quarters, scull small boats for the purposes of intercourse. History.] The province of Kwang-tung was known under various names at an early period of Chinese history, as a bar barous and uncivilized country; but it was not till about 220 B. C., that the Chinese monarchs began to turn their attention towards it. Tsin-che-kwang, the founder of the Tsin dynasty, and the first universal monarch of China, pushed his conquests to the S of the Meiling chain, which bounds this prov. on the N; and rendered tributary to the empire the whole country of Yuc and Min, as Canton, Foh-kien, Cochin-china, and the surrounding kingdoms were then called. After his death Chaowto, an assistant of the aged viceroy of C.-which then included under its government the provinces of the Kwangse and Yunan, and the kingdoms of Cochin-china and Tonquin-assumed the regal title, but soon after retired into Cochin-china. During his continuance at C. he is said to have built, as a palace or pleasure house, a remarkable edifice called the seven-stoned pagoda, which is still to be seen on a hill to the N of the city. When the founder of the Han dynasty succeeded in overthrowing the usurper of the imperial throne, and in his turn took the title of einperor, Chou-to was compelled to relinquish the authority which he had assumed in Canton and Kwangse, and in his capa city of king of Cochin-china and Tonquin, acknowledge himself a tributary of the Chinese emperors. C. now became the place of banishment for disgraced statesmen. Even at this early period, the city began to show symptoms of the luxury and extravagance which have since characterised it; for its inhabitants received a severe reprimand from the emperor for having sent him a present of fine cloth, and a mandate was issued forbidding them to manufacture any more such cloth in future. The Chinese who first entered this and the neighbouring provinces to the W and NW, drove the natives, who were probably aborigines, into fastnesses in the mountains, where they have ever since remained under the independent government of their own chieftains, and whence they have often issued to attack their lowland neighbours. These mountaineers are known under the general denomination of Meaoutse, but they are likewise distinguished, in various places, by different epithets, all of a contemptuous nature. The Chinese have frequently carried on destructive wars against them, but have never been able entirely to subdue them. It was about the Norfolk co., in the state of Massachussetts, 16 m. SW of Boston. It is intersected by the Boston and Providence railroad, and gives rise to the Neponset river. It possesses little fertility of soil, but has considerable manufactures. Pop. 1,995.- Also a township of Hartford co., in the state of Connecticut, 13 m. WNW of Hartford. Its surface is hilly, and its soil unproductive. Pop. 1,736. -Also a township and cap. of St. Lawrence co., in the state of New York, 223 m. NNW of Albany. It is watered by the Oswegatchie, and the Grass river and its tributaries. The surface is slightly undulating, and the soil a fertile clayey loam. It contains marble quarries, and extensive manufactories of copperas and alum. Pop. 3,465. The vil. is on Grass r.-which is here crossed by a fine bridge-and con7th cent, that, as Chinese annals relate, vessels first brought rare tains 800 inhabitants.-Also a township of Bradford commodities to C. from foreign countries: soon after, at the com- co., in the state of Pennsylvania, 136 m. N of Harmencement of the 8th cent., the famous pass through the Meiling risburg. It is hilly, and is intersected by Towanda mountains was cut, in order to facilitate intercourse between C. and the more northern provinces of China. It was probably at creek and its tributaries, and has a gravelly loamy this period that the Arabians and Moors first began to trade with soil. Pop. 1,254.—Also a township of Washington China, as we find that during this and the following centuries co., in the same state, drained by Chartier's creek there were, according to the accounts of two Arabian travellers, a very large number of Mohammedan traders, from Shiraz, Bus- and its tributaries. It possesses an undulating sursorah, &c., resident at Canfu or Kwan-chow-foo. The descend- face and a loamy soil. Pop. 1,132.-Also a townants of these Mohammedans are still numerous in C.; but of the ship. cap. of Stark co., in the state of Ohio, 124 Christians and Jews also mentioned by travellers, no traces have m. NE of Columbus. Pop. 3,299. The village is ever, with any degree of certainty, been found. Whilst the Sung dynasty occupied the throne of China, from the 10th to the 12th pleasantly situated in a fertile district between the cent., C. enjoyed great prosperity. In the 13th cent., when the forks of the Nimishillen creek, 13 m. above their Mongul dynasty had overpowered the Sung dynasty, the travels junction.-Also a village of Fulton co., in the state of Marco Polo, in the N of China, first informed Europeans of the existence of that country; but the trade with the East being of Illinois, on the confines of an extensive prairie, 69 then in the hands of the Mohammedans, it was seldom visited by m. NNW of Springfield. Pop. 762.-Also a village, any of the nations of Christendom, until the passage of the Cape cap. of Cherokee co., in the state of Georgia, on the of Good Hope by the Portuguese, upwards of 200 years after- N side of Etowah river.-Also a village of Trigg co., wards, had opened a road for ships from Europe to China. The first Europeans who visited China by sea were the Portuguese. in the state of Kentucky, on Cumberland river, 40 In 1516 a vessel which had been despatched from this country by m. from its mouth, and 9 m. SW of Cadiz. It posAlfonso Albuquerque, captain - general of Malacca, reached the sesses an active transit trade. Pop. 200.-Also a islands in front of the Canton river; and, her voyage being altogether a successful one, she was followed next year by a fleet of village, cap. of Madison co., in the state of Missis8 vessels. But as the trade increased, the good opinion which, sippi, 23 m. NE of Jackson.-Also a township of during the first year or two, the Chinese had been led to form of Wayne co., in the state of Michigan, watered by the their new acquaintances, was lessened, and the jealousy of the Chinese was also excited by hearing of their assumption of terri-head-streams of the S branch of Rouge river. Pop. tory in India and the Malayan archipelago. Hence, in 1520, we find a Portuguese ambassador to the court of Pekin sent back, without having gained any advantage, and eventually imprisoned and slain. After the Portuguese, the Spanish, Dutch, English, and other nations, followed successively and by their mutual strifes and jealousies, only increased the contempt in which the Chinese had been already taught to hold all foreigners. Yet, notwithstanding their repeated declarations of indifference to foreign commerce, it appears that the Chinese were, even at that time, by no means ignorant of the advantages to be derived from it. At different times the ports of C., Macao, and Teenpih were severally opened to Europeans in this prov.: while Ningpo and Chusan, in Chekiang, and Amoy, in Fohkien, also became large marts for their commerce; but soon after the conquest of China by the present Mantchou dynasty, "the nations of the western ocean" were required to confine their trade to the ports of C. and Macao alone. The English first turned their attention to China in 1596, but the expedition then equipped proved unfortunate, the vessels being lost on their passage out. The next at tempt to establish a trade here was in 1637, about 20 years later than our first intercourse with India; but the opposition of the Portuguese for many years prevented the success of this and several other expeditions. In 1676. the East India company succeeded in establishing a factory at Amoy, from which they were driven away in 1680, but in 1784, they were permitted to return to their factory; where they remained until foreign commerce became confined to C. and Macao. In 1785 the first vessel fitted out from the United States arrived at C. The principal event in the history of C., since the commencement of this century, was its capture by the British force in May 1840, when the whole of the river-defences, and the heights above the city, were taken possession of, and held until the payment of 6,000,000 dollars.— See article CHINA. Authorities.] Oriental Repertory.— Asiatic Journal-Chinese Repository.-Barrow's Travels in China.-Staunton's and Macartney's Embassies to China.-Ruschenberger's Voyage, 2 vols. 8vo. London, 1838-Gutzlaff's China-Davis' Sketches of China, 2 vols., 8vo. London, 1841.-Voyage of the Nemesis, 8vo., 1844.— Parl. Papers. CANTON, a township of Oxford co., in the state of Maine, U. S., 30 m. WNW of Augusta. It is intersected by the Androggin river, and is generally fertile. Pop. in 1840, 919.-Also a township of 1,081. CANTON, a hamlet of Glamorganshire, in Llandaff parish. Pop. in 1841, 170. CANTONMENT GIBSON, a village and military station, in the Indian territory, state of Arkansas, U. S., on the E side of the Neostro river, 5 m. above its entrance into Red river, and 221 m. WNW of Little Rock. CANTON PULO, or CALLOO RAY, an island of the China sea, off the E coast of Cochin China, about 23 m. ESE of Cape Bantam, in N lat. 15° 22′. CANTOR, a kingdom of Senegambia, extending along the S bank of the Gambia, between the territories of Tomana and Tenda. CANTORIA, a town of Spain, in Andalusia, in the prov. and 38 m. NNE of Almeria, and 10 m. from Huercalovera, on the 1. bank of the Almanzor. Pop. 4,376. CANTSFIELD, a township in the p. of Tunstall, Lancashire, 43 m. SE of Kirkby-Lonsdale, near the Lune. Area 1,560 acres. Pop. in 1841, 114. CANTU, a town of Venetian Lombardy, in the gov. of Milan, delegation and 6 m. SSE of Como, at an alt. of 682 ft. above sea-level. Pop. 3,500. CANTWELL'S BRIDGE, a village of New Castle co., in the state of Delaware, U. S., on the N side of Appoquinimink creek, 24 m. NW of Dover. CANUBI, or CABUBI, a river of Brazil, in the prov. of Rio Negro, which unites with the Caqueta 150 m. NW of the confluence of that river with the Amazon. CANUMA, a lake of Brazil, in the prov. and 110 m. ENE of Rio Negro, which discharges itself into the Amazon. CANVEY ISLAND, a chapelry connected with South Bemfleet and 8 other parishes in Essex, opposite the Hope, 44 m. SW of Leigh, and 30 m. from London. It comprises an area of 3,600 acres, intersected by a branch of the Thames, but accessible at low-water by a causeway. The inhabitants, about 200 in number, are mostly fishermen. CANVILLE-LES-DEUX-EGLISES, a commune of France, in the dep. of the Seine-Inferieure, cant. of Doudeville. Pop. 1,018. CANWICK, a parish of Lincolnshire, 2 m. SSE of Lincoln, near the Brent. Pop. in 1841, 190. CANY, a canton, commune, and town of France, in the dep. of the Seine-Inferieure, arrond. of Yvetot. The cant. comprises 19 com., and in 1831 contained a pop. of 14,101. The town is situated on the 1. bank of the Durdent, 5 m. above its entrance into the Manche. Pop. 1,799. It possesses extensive manufactories of calico and oil, and tanneries; and an active trade in linen, oil, lint, and grain. Fairs are held five times a-year. CANZANO, a village of Naples, in the prov. of Abruzzo-Ultra, district and 7 m. ESE of Teramo. Pop. 1,680.-Also a village in the district and 6 m. SE of Sulmona. Pop. 1,200. CANZO, a village of Venetian Lombardy, in the gov. of Milan, delegation and 10 m. ENE of Como, and 6 m. W of Lecco. Pop. 1,700. CAO-CHAN-LI, a town of the Corea, on the 1. bank of the Yalou-kiang, 10 m. N of Oeiyuen, and 300 m. NNW of King-ki-Tao. CAO-MING, a town of China, in the prov. and 30 m. NE of Yunnan, near the source of the Niaitan-Kiang. CAOOPISCHEGAN LAKE, a small lake of British North America, in the district of Rupert's river, near the source of the East Main. CAORLE, a village and small fishing-port of Venetian Lombardy, in the gov. delegation and 30 m. ENE of Venice, on the lido or low island which forms the lagune of the same name, between the embouchures of the Livenza and Lemene. Pop. 500. It occupies the site of the ancient Caprule of the Romans. CAORSO, a town of Parma, in the district and 10 m. E of Piacenza, near the confluence of the Chiavena and Zeno. CAO-TANG, a town of China, in the prov. of Chan-tung, 50 m. WNW of Tsinan. CAO-Y, a town of China, in the prov. of Petcheli, 50 m. S of Tching-Ting. CAO-YAW, a town of China, in the prov. of Petcheli, near the 1. bank of the Tae-Ho, 25 m. SE of Pao-Ting. CAO-YUEN, a town of China, in the prov. of Chan-tong, on the 1. bank of the Seaou-Tching-Ho, 45 m. NW of Tein-Tchou. CAPACCIO, or CAPACCIO-NUOVO, a town of Naples, cap. of a circondario in the prov. of PrincipatoCitra, district and 20 m. S of Campagna, about 4 m. from the shore of the Mediterranean. Pop. 1,945. It contains 2 fine churches and a convent; and was founded in the 13th century, after the destruction of the town of the same name, now a mere village, called Capaccio-Vecchio, about 3 m. to the NW of C. The seat of the bishopric of C. has been transferred to C. N., but the cathedral still exists in the old town. CAPACHI, a town of Bolivia, in the intendancy and 25 m. NE of Puno, in an indentation on the NW side of Lake Titicaca. CAPACI, a town of Sicily, in the intendancy and 10 m. NW of Palermo. CAPADANE, a town of Venezuela, in the dep. and 80 m. WSW of Coro. CAPAFARIDA, a town of Venezuela, in the prov. and 55 m. WSW of Coro, near the shore of the gulf of Maracaybo. CAPALBIO, a parish and town of Tuscany, cap. of a potesteria in the campanate of Grosseto, 10 m. E of Orbetello, in the Tuscan maremma, near the lagune of Burano. Pop. 202. It contains some ironworks. CAPALLAN, a town of La Plata, in the intendancy and 25 m. SSE of Catamarca. CAPALUAN, an island of the Asiatic archipelago, in the Philippine, 4 m. S of the island of Luzon, in N lat. 13° 50'. It is 15 m. in length, and about 6 in average breadth. CAPANA, a river of Brazil, in the prov. of Para, which unites with the Madeira 100 m. below Crato. Its banks are frequented by independent Indian tribes, and it is consequently little known. CAPANACHUAS, a river which takes its rise in Peru, in the Sa. Conomamas, runs NNW, enters New Granada, and flows into the Paro or Ucayle, 110 m. SSW of S. Joaquim de Omaguas. CAPANAPARO, a river of Venezuela, in the prov. of Apure, which flows E, and unites with the Orinoco, 23 m. SSW of the Arauca. A small lake of the same name lies near the embouchure of the latter river. CAP AND BUTTON ISLES, two islets of the Asiatic archipelago, in the straits of Sunda, lying respectively in S lat. 5° 58', E long. 105° 48', and in S lat. 5° 49', E long. 105° 48'. They are apparently of volcanic origin. CAPANEMA, a mountain-ridge of Brazil, a ramification of the chain which separates the basins of the rivers Doce and San Francisco. It gives rise to the Santa Barbara.-Also a lake in the province of Bahia, district of Santiago, which discharges itself into the Guahi.-Also a considerable town in the prov. of Minas-Geraes, 15 m. N of Ouro-Preto. CAPANNOLI, a parish and village of Tuscany, in the comp. and 27 m. SE of Pisa, near the Era. Pop. 1,060. CAPANNORI, a parish and town of Lucca, 5 m. E of Lucca. Pop. 1,820. CAPAO, a small town of Brazil, in the prov. of Minas-Geraes, on the road from Queluz to Ouro-Preto. CAPAO-BONITO, a town of Brazil, in the prov. of São-Pedro-do-Rio-Grande, near the Pelotas, and to the S of Lage. CAPAO-DO-CLETO, or CAPIVARI, an ancient town of Brazil, in the prov. of Minas-Geraes, on the r. bank of the São Francisco. CAPARACENA, a town of Spain, in Andalusia, in the prov. and 10 m. NW of Granada, on the 1. bank of the Cubillas. CAPARICA, a large and populous village of Portugal, in the prov. of Estremadura, 8 m. S of Lisbon, near the embouchure of the Tagus. CAPARRA, a village of Spain, in Estremadura, in the prov. and 60 m. N of Caceres, and 9 m. N of Plasencia, on a height bathed by the Ambroz. It is the Ambracia of the Romans, and contains considerable remains of antiquity. CAPARROSO, a town of Spain, in the prov. of Navarre, 26 m. S of Pamplona, on the 1. bank of the Aragon, which is here crossed by a fine stone bridge. Pop. 1,220. It contains the ruins of a fortress. CAPAS PULO, a small island of the China sea, near the E coast of the Malay peninsula, in N lat. 5° 20′. CAPATANA, a river of Brazil, in the prov. of Para, district of Castro-d'Avelens, which falls into the Amazon. CAPAZELA, a river of Brazil, in the prov. of the Rio Negro, which falls into the Amazon, 10 m. E of Tabalinga. |