smelted, the tin is cast into the blocks alluded to. For more than 6 cent., it was carried, after being marked with the smelter's stamp, to certain towns, for the purpose of being coined, that is, examined and stamped with the duchy-seal, and the taxes paid upon it; after which the blocks were permitted to be sold. The dues were 4s. per cwt. But, by an act passed in 1838, these duties were abolished, and a compensation in lieu of them given to the duchy, founded on the amount of the clear annual revenue derived from them for the last 10 years. At the same time, the duties on the import of foreign tin were reduced, and fixed at 15s. per cwt. for tin, and 10s. per cwt. for tin ore. There is much obscurity respecting the date at which copper was first raised in C. Mines of this metal may have been worked in 1700; but in 1750 they were in full operation. The decennial tonnage of ore for 1726-35 was estimated by Pryce at 641,800, at the average price of £7 15s. 10d. a ton, amounting to £473,500, being an annual average of 6,480 tons, producing £177,833. Sir C. Lemon computed, that for 14 years previous to 1758, the yearly average of cash produced from Cornish copper was £160,000. In 1800, 55,981 tons of ore were raised, producing 5,187 tons of copper; value, £550,925. In 1820, 92,672, producing 7,364 tons of copper; value, £620,347. In 1838, 145,688, producing 11,527 ; value, £857,779. Thus, observes De la Beche, in his elaborate Report, the value of copper-produce has increased more than 134 times during a century. The value of the standard of copper for 1778 appears to have been £73; while that for 1838 was £109 3s. The sales of the ore take place weekly at Truro, Redruth, or Pool Samples are taken and assayed by the buyers' agents; and on the day of sale, the samplers attend, and produce tickets, or written papers, sealed up, containing offers of prices for the ore; and the highest bidder obtains it. This mode of selling copper ores in C. has continued, on the same principal, for about 110 years. Dinners are given, says Pryce, like city-feasts, on ticketing days, at the expense of the mines. These are generally undertaken by companies of adventurers; the shares consisting of 64th or 128th parts. If the mine be on a waste it is duchy-property, and the duchy-agent grants the lease; if private property, it is let from time to time for special considerations, varying in amount from a 25th to a 10th part of the produce. The rate of dues is generally viewed with reference to the facilities or difficulties of working a mine. Sir C. Lemon enumerated 160 mines at work in this county in In 1836-7, besides some omitted. The extent of some of these mines is considerabie, numerous lodes running through a sett for nearly 2 m., throughout which tram-roads and carts now transport the ores. These, after being brought to the surface, are picked by children, who acquire great practical judgment in selection; and cobbed,' or broken into fragments of the size of a chestnut, preparatory to the operations of the crushing machine, by women or stout girls,--for the work is anything but light. By the union of picking, cobbing, washing, crushing, and jigging or sieving, by hand, or machinery, and by other processes, the ore is rendered saleable; and after being sold at the ticketings, as above noticed, it is exported to South Wales to be smelted; from the want of coals it has not as yet been smelted on the spot. The number of persons employed in the C. mines has been already stated to be about 30,000. In two mines only, in 1836, 2,369 men, and 1,705 women and boys, were employed to raise 32,500 tons of ore. 59 mines there was a return, in 1837, of 11,282 men, and 7,743 women and boys. The pop, directly maintained by the mines in C may be roughly stated at 100,000. Of these, about 30,000 are actually at work, and we may fairly reckon three or four times that number to be supported by their labour. About 18,000 are strictly miners, adult men, of whom a very large majority are employed under ground; of the rest, about 6,000 are boys under 18 years of age, and as many females. Of this total not less than three quarters are engaged in the mining-districts W of Truro. A large majority of the boys and girls employed at the mines are able to read, though they often do so very imperfectly, and one in five of the boys can write his name. Of the girls, not one in fifty can do so. Most of the boys are sent to a day-school before they go to work at the mines; but they do this so early, that they often forget the little they had learned, while no hope can be entertained that the mind has been sufficiently developed or inter ested to afford a chance that self-cultivation will follow. We are, indeed, chiefly indebted to the Sunday schools, which are attended by the greater part of those under 15 of both sexes, that they are not now totally ignorant of these rudiments. Evening schools institutions admirably adapted to our mining-districts-have been hitherto too partially supplied and attended to have had much in fluence on the mass. Not more than 1 in 6 of those adult miners who are now able to write their names has learnt to do so after he reached 16 years of age. [Dr. Barham.] The power of the steam-engines employed in the C. mines, in 1838, was supposed to be equivalent to about 46,000 horses. In 1836, the consump tion of timber in 152 of these mines was 36,407 loads, equal to 144,000 trees. If these grew 10 ft. apart, they would cover 330 acres; and if 120 years old, it would require the produce of 59,600 acres, or 140 sq. m. of Norwegian forest. The annual consumption of gunpowder used in blasting is about 300 tons, which, at £44 per ton, is about £13,200. The amount annually expended in working the mines is about £900,000 for labour, and £300,000 for materials. The returns of the C. copper-mines for 14 years, ending 1841, were £13.682,810; and averaged in the last 7 years of that time, £1,049,821 annually. The tin-mines return about £300,000 per ann. Of the two great metallic products of this dis trict-copper and tin-it yields of the former one-third, and of the II. latter nine-tenths, of the supply furnished by all Europe. See article SWANSEA. Roads, Canals, and Railways.] From the peculiarity of its position, C. is traversed or crossed by few or none of the great roads which generally unite counties and distant cities in England. The peninsula, however-if we may so term it is intersected by two principal lines of road, running chiefly through the high grounds of the county. Of these, one enters it by Launceston, and proceeds, by two separate branches,-one through Camelford, Wadebridge, and St. Columb-major,-and the other through Bodmin to Indian-Queen,-where they reunite and pass to Truro; whence branches again lead-off to Redruth, Penryn, Falmouth, Helston, Penzance, St Ives, Lizards point, and the Land's end. The other line enters from Exeter, through Tavistock, at Callington, and passing through Liskeard, Lostwithiel, and Grampound to Tregony, unites with the main branches of the other road at Truro. The minor branches of these roads radiating to the coast and the interior, constitute all the other roads within the county-The inland traffic by rivers and roads is assisted by the canal between Liskeard and Looe estuary; and by the Bude and Holsworthy, and the Launceston, canals, between Bude-haven and Launceston; partly along the course of the river Tamar.-There is a railway between Redruth and Chasewater, round the mountain of Carnmarth, to Twelve-heads; and thence to Point-quay, a small shipping-port at the head of Carrig-road. There are four minor branch railways in connection with this undertaking, the object of which is the conveyance of the rich mineral products of the district to a place of shipment.-A railway has been proposed to connect the counties of C. and Devon; and to facilitate the government-packet intercourse with foreign countries through Falmouth and Exeter, in connection also with the railroad between that city and Plymouth. A railway from Exeter to Plymouth has been in operation for some time; and acts have been obtained for a prolongation of this line to Falmouth by Liskeard, Lostwithiel, and St. Austell; and by another branch to Padstow through Bodmin. Population, &c.] C., in point of pop., holds the 15th place among the counties of England. Its pop. in 1570 has been estimated at 114,103; in 1630, at 121,864; in 1750, at 148,069. These calculations were made on the supposition that the registered baptisms, burials, and marriages, on an average of three years, bore the same proportion to the actual pop. as in the year 1801. In 1801, the pop. was returned at 188,269; in 1811, at 216,667; in 1821, at 257,447; in 1831, at 300,938; in 1841, at 341,279. The increase per cent. in these decennial periods thus appears to have been respectively; 15, 19, 17, and 134 per cent.-Of the pop. in 1841, 94.8 per cent. were natives of the co.; 4.1 per cent. natives of other cos. of England; 0.1 per cent. natives of Scotland; 0.2 per cent. natives of Ireland; and 0.1 per cent. were born in foreign parts.-Of the estimated pop. in 1847, viz. 368,729, 7-6 per cent. received relief as paupers in that year; and the rate per head of expenditure for relief to the poor on this estimated pop. was 4s. 84d.; that for all England being 6s. 1şd. The annual value of property rated to the poors rates, in 1847, was £976,209; the expenditure for relief of the poor, £86,944; and the rate in the pound on the annual value, 1s. 93d., the rate for all England being 1s. 6d. The annual value of real property assessed to the property and income tax within the co. in 1842-3 was £1,353,261, of which £774,692 was upon lands; £277,108 on houses; and £178,017 on mines. -The number of savings' banks in the co. in 1838 was 10, embracing 13,280 depositors, whose average deposits amounted to £37. By the Reform and Division of counties acts, this co. is divided into two parliamentary sections for the election of its 4 county-representatives, 2 of whom are voted for at Bodmin, Launceston, Liskeard, Stratton, and St. Austall, the place of election being Bodmin, for the eastern; and 2 voted for at Truro, Penzance, Nelston, and Redruth, the place of election being Truro, for the western division and the Scilly isles. By this arrangement, the agricultural and mining population are, in a great degree, separately represented. There are 20 boroughs in this co., most of them only paltry villages, which formerly sent each 2-in all 40-members to parliament; but have been partially disfranchised; and now only 7 in all, return 10 members. The number of electors for the E 2 x British chiefs associated in defence of their independence, and chose Vortigern, then Earl of C, as their supreme governor, who called in the Saxons as defensive auxiliaries. Seeing the desirableness of the land, and the weakness of its inhabitants, they took possession of it, but were vigorously and often successfully resisted by Vortimer, Arthur, and other British chiefs in succession, for the space of 500 years. They were, however, finally subdued under Athelstane; since which C. has remained, more quietly perhaps than any other division of the country, an integral part of the kingdom.--Rude monuments of its early inhabitants, such as large unwrought stones, sometimes placed singly, and sometimes in circles, tumuli, cairns, cromlechs, and rocking-stones, supposed to be the remains of Druidical superstition, are abundant. The ruins of baronial castles belonging to the middle ages are also numerous; but excepting the priory of St. Germains, there are no monastic remains worthy of notice. -The Cornish provincial dialect is now fast disappearing. It is quite distinct from the ancient Cornish language, which was a dialect of the Celtic, and very similar to the Welsh: this has been obsolete as a living language for some centuries. Andrew Borde, a physician in the time of Henry VIII., says: "In Cornwal is two speches, the one is naughty Englyshe, and the other is Cornyshe speche. And there be inany men and women the which cannot speake one worde of Englyshe, but all Cornyshe." This implies that the Cornish was then no longer the general language of the country. Scawen, towards the latter part of the 17th cent., states, that Mr. Francis Robinson, of Landewednack (the parish at the Lizard) had recently preached a sermon in Cornish, as being the language best known to his auditory; but this was in a remote part of the county, having little communication with others, and he is said to have been the last person who preached in Cornish. The modern provincial dialect contains many Cornish words, and also several Saxon terms now in general obsolete, but which were in common use about the time of Queen Elizabeth, and may be found in Shakspeare and cotemporary writers. Pop. CORNWALL, a township of Addison co., in the state of Vermont, U. S., 63 m. SW of Montpelier, bounded on the E by Otter creek, and on the NW by Lemonfair creek. It is generally level, and in the SW swampy. The soil consists of clay loam. 1,164.-Also a township of Litchfield co., in the state of Connecticut, 39 m. NW of Hartford, watered by Housatonic river and one of its tributaries, and intersected by the Housatonic railroad. The surface and soil are considerably diversified. Pop. 1,703.Also a township of Orange co., in the state of New York, 6 m. S of Newburg, and 100 m. S of Albany. It contains Butter Hill and Crow's Nest, the loftiest summits of the highlands,' and is generally hilly. West Point, the military academy of the United States, is situated in this township; and also the noted forts of Putnam, Clinton, and Montgomery.-Also an old and well-settled township in the Eastern district of Upper Canada. Pop. 3,907. It contains the town of C., which is situated in its SE corner, and had a pop. of 1,600 in 1846, and the villages of Mou Jurisdiction.] C. is in the SW circuit. The assizes were anciently held at Launceston alone; but since 1738, the summerassizes have been held at Bodmin. The quarter-sessions were formerly held each of them at Bodmin and Truro by adjournment; but for many years the Michaelmas sessions have been held wholly at Bodmin, the Easter sessions at Truro, and the Epiphany and Midsummer sessions at Lostwithiel. The duchy of C., however, is under peculiar jurisdiction. In 1887, Edward, the Black prince, was created duke of Cornwall, and the duchy was settled by act of parliament on the eldest son of the king of England. The dukes of C. have had large revenues granted to them at various times, arising from the lordship of manors, boroughs, islands, castles, forests, lands, &c., in Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Somerset, and other counties; from the coinage of tin, and from fines, and various other sources. The immediate government of C. was vested in the duke, his chancellor, attorney, and solicitor-general, and other officers, with a court-of-exchequer, and of sheriffs, &c., all which offices and appointments still exist. The miners, by ancient prescription, confirmed by an act of the reign of Edward III, the privileges and enactments of which have been amended and enlarged by an act of William IV. in 1836, are exempted from all civil jurisdiction, other than that of the stannary courts, except in cases "affecting land, life, or limb." The mining system, therefore, is under a separate jurisdiction, at the head of which is the lord-warden of the stannaries, and, under him, the vice-warden, who, from time to time, holds stannary courts for all matters belonging to the mines. These local courts, especially since they have been so much improved by the act of William IV., are found to be of great benefit, and to be expeditious and comparatively inexpensive. By this act, the courts of equity and common law are united, the vice-warden being judge, and authorized to make rules and orders for the regulation of the practice and proceedings of his courts. From his orders and judg ments, an appeal lies to the lord-warden, assisted by 3 or more of the judicial committee of the privy council, and from thence to the house of lords; but new laws affecting the mines cannot be enacted without the consent of 24 persons, gentlemen of proper-linette and Milleroche. The town of C. was incorty, intelligence, and practical knowledge, in the mining districts, elected out of the four stannaries of Foymore. Blackmore, Ty warnhaile, and Penwith-cum-Kerrier, 6 for each district. They are called stannators; and their meetings, called stannary parliaments, are regulated by a speaker, formally chosen, and adjourned from time to time, according to circumstances. These parliaments, however, have been seldom held. It appears that the last was held in 1752 at Truro, and was continued, by adjournments, till 11th September 1753. Revenues.] The annual revenues of the duchy, as computed on an average of three years after the death of the Black prince, amounted to £2,493 7s. 34d. In the 15th year of Henry VIII. they amounted to £10,095 11s. 94d., of which £2,771 3s. 94d. were profits of the coinage of tin in C. and Devon. In 1602, the 44th of Elizabeth,-they were reduced to £4,569 12s. 24d., of which £2,623 98. 8d. were the profits of the tin. In 1814, we find, from Lyson's Mag. Brit.. that they amounted to £22,000, of which £8,500 arose from the tin duty in Cornwall, which, before the war, had been nearly £14,000 per annum. In 1838 they amounted, besides arrears, to £24.908 17s. 2d., of which £14,762 4s. 104d. arose from the tin duties on coinages, post groats, and white rents in C., and £2,677 19s. 4d. from the produce, rents, commutations, &c., of mines. The expenditure in 1838, inclusive of salaries, and allowances to all the officers of the duchy, annuities, law charges, &c., but exclusive of £2,000 paid into her Majesty's privy purse, amounted to £13,353 9s. In 1839 the revenues amounted to £30,827 19s. 7d., of which £15,586 0s. 10d. arose from the compensation in lieu of the abolished tin coinage duty, and £2,907 7s. 2d. from the mines. The expenditure in 1839, exclusive of £22,000 paid into the privy purse, amounted to £15,094 68. 2§d. History. Previous to the descent of the Romans, this county was inhabited by three British tribes, the Carnubii, the Cimbri, and the Dunnonii. Under the Romans it formed a part of the province Britannia Prima. On the retreat of the Romans, the porated in 1834. It is on a canal of the same name, extending to the St. Lawrence.-Also a county in the island of Jamaica, comprising the whole W part of the island. Its chief town is Montego-bay. See JAMAICA. CORNWALL (CAPE), a headland of the co. of the same name, lying 3 m. NNE of the Land's end. CORNWALL BRIDGE, a village of Cornwall township, Litchfield co., in the state of Connecticut, U. S., 42 m. NW of Hartford, on the Housatonic river, which is here crossed by a bridge. CORNWALL LANDING, a village of Cornwall township, Orange co., in the state of New York, U. S., on the W side of the Hudson river. Pop. in 1840, 125. CORNWALL (NEW), a district of British North America, on the coast of the Pacific, to the W of New Caledonia, and extending from New Norfolk on the N, to New Hanover on the SE. CORNWALL REEF (NORTH and SOUTH), two rocky shoals in the China sea, in N lat. 10°, E long. 114° 25'; and N lat. 8° 45', E long. 114° 10′. CORNWALLIS, a township of King's co., Nova Scotia, extending along the Minas basin and the bay of Fundy. It is well-watered, and from its great fertility has been styled the garden of the prov. Its principal stream is the C. or Horton river, which flows for above 30 m. through a fertile and picturesque country, and is fringed with diked marshes, which yield heavy crops. ren sandy plain, 3 m. from the ocean. The only plant which flourishes in its neighbourhood is the prickly pear; and as the plain is destitute of water, fruits and vegetables are brought to market from a CORNWALLIS ISLAND, an island of the North distance exceeding 9 m.; and water for culinary and Georgian group, in the Polar sea, separated by Wel- domestic purposes is sold by the barrel, being fetched lington channel from North Devon, in N lat. 75°, W ❘ from springs 2 m. off. Notwithstanding these disadlong. 95°. vantages, C. was so conveniently situated for contraband trade with the Dutch at Curaçoa, and with the English West India islands, that it contained in 1807 a pop. of 10,000. Its present pop. does not exceed 4,000. The exports consist in mules, hides, goats, pottery ware, cheese, and indigo and cochineal from Carora. Its port, at a league distant, lies open from N to NE, and its accommodations are so trifling, that it will probably never reach a higher rank than that CORNWALLVILLE, a village of Durham town-of a flourishing entrepot for smugglers. ship. Greene co., in the state of New York, U. S., 38 CORO, a walled village of Bambara, in W Africa, m. SSW of Albany. 7 m. SSE of Cagnanso. Pop. about 450. CORNWALLIS ISLANDS, a group in the North Pacific, to the N of Radack islands, discovered in 1807. Kotzebue fixes the S part of the group in N lat. 14° 39′ 29′′; and states its extent from N to S to be only 13 m. CORNWALLIS (PORT), a bay of the Indian ocean, on the E coast of North Andaman island, in N lat. 13° 20', E long. 93° 10'. CORNWELL, a parish of Oxfordshire, 3 m. W of Chipping-Norton. Area 820 acres. Pop. 97. CORNWOOD, a parish of Devon, 4 m. NE of Earls-Plympton, separated from the p. of Harford by the Erme, and intersected by the Yealm. Area 10,680 acres. Pop. 1,080. CORNWORTHY, a parish of Devon, 4 m. SSE of Totness, at the mouth of the Dart. Area 2.600 acres. Pop. 554. It contains the hamlet of East Cornworthy. Pop. 51. CORNY, a commune of France, in the dep. of the Moselle, cant. of Gorze. Pop. 1,041. It has some pottery manufactures. COROADOS, a numerous and uncivilized tribe of Indians, who inhabit the mountainous district of the prov. of Matto-Grosso, in which the Rios Xingu, and Das Mortes, and some of the tributaries of the Paraguay take their rise. COROA GRANDE, a sand-bank, dangerous to navigators, to the N of the island of Maranhao, Brazil, the N extremity of which is in S lat. 2° 10′ 50′′. COROAS, a tribe of Indians, in Brazil, who inhabit the banks of the rivers in the N part of the prov. of Joyaz. They are peaceable in disposition, but addicted to theft. Fishing forms their chief employment. COROA-VERMELHA, a small town of Brazil, in the prov. of Bahia, comarca of Porto-Seguro, on the shore of the Atlantic, to the N of Vera-Cruz. COROCIO, a small town of Brazil, in the prov. of COROFIN, a small town in the p. of Kilneboy, co. CORO, a department or province of the republic of Venezuela, lying between the parallels of 10° 5' and 12° 9′ 50′′ N lat., and between 1° 18′ and 4° 22′ W of Caracas; embracing the coast of the Caribbean sea, from the gulf of Venezuela or Maracaybo on the W, to the Golfo-Triste on the E; and bounded on the E by the cordillera of Coro and Caracas; on the S by COROMANDEL, the name given to the E coast the provs. of Carabovo and Truxillo; and on the W of the peninsula of India, extending about 350 m., by the lake or inland sea of Maracaybo. The surface from the mouths of the Krishna, in 15° 45′ N, to Cais generally hilly. The soil of a large portion of the lymere-point, in 10° 18′ N. It is the E boundary of prov. is sandy and dry; but good crops of coffee, the Carnatic prov. according to the present division cacao, maize, and plantains, are obtained in some of the British dominions in India; and was formerly places. The principal river, the Tocuyo, rises in the and more properly written Choramandel; for Cholamountains S of the town of Tocuyo, at the distance mandala, the Sanscrit compound of which this name of nearly 250 m. from the ocean, and intersects, in the is a corruption, signifies the circle' or 'district of greater part of its lower course, the S districts of the Chola,' either from a dynasty which anciently reigned prov. It is navigable 120 m. from its mouth, and its over the kingdom of Tanjore, or from chora,-a spebanks furnish abundance of timber of the largest size, cies of sorghum, the commonest grain in the country. and fit for every kind of building. The prov. of C. It is low, sandy, and full of shoals and banks, without and the attached peninsula of Paraguaná, are perhaps a good port of any kind. The best roadstead is off less known than any other division of the Venezue- Portonovo, in 11° 30′ N lat. To the N of Sadras, and lan republic of Colombia, much of its surface being about 38 m. S by W of Madras, the coast seems to occupied by the aboriginal races. The most recent have been encroached upon by the sea to a considerauthorities give 40,476 as the number of Creoles, Mes-able extent. The great want throughout this coast tizoes, Negroes, Indians, and mixed races, inhabiting the prov. of C.; or about 43 inhabitants to the sq. league. C. is still in an uncultivated state, for the most part; but is capable of much improvement. It is divided into the 6 cantons of C., Paraguaná, SanLuis, Cumarebo, Costa - Arriba, and Casigna; and contains the towns of Carora, San-Felipe, Carovita, Barquisimeto, and Tocuyo, with many large settlements, and the capital, Coro, long the metropolitan city of Venezuela. CORO, or SANTA-ANA-DE-CORO, the cap. of the above prov., is situated in N lat. 11° 24′, W long. 69° 40, on an isthmus which divides the gulf of Maracaybo from the Caribbean sea, 240 m. W of Caracas. It was founded in 1527, and was the second settlement made by Europeans on this coast. The streets of C. are regular, but the houses are ill-built. Its public buildings are few in number, and none of them remarkable. The site is unhealthy, being on a bar is that of a sufficient supply of moisture for vegetation; and the ancient tanks and water-courses appear to have been neglected, so that little aid is now obtained by the husbandman from them. COROMANDEL HARBOUR, WYно, or WAIHAO, a harbour on the E coast of the Middle island of New Zealand, in the gulf of Hauraki, 25 m. from Cape Colville, and 35 m. from the mouth of the Thames. It is shallow, but has good holding-ground; is of ample extent, and land-locked on every side by lofty forest-clad hills, between the foot of which and the coast-margin there are some thousand acres of level cultivable soil. It is resorted to by vessels for kauri timber, which is cut by the natives under the direction of Europeans, and shipped here. From C. harbour to the entrance of the Thames, the coast is rocky. COROMANDEL-HEAD, or WAI-HOA-HEAD, a promontory of New Zealand, in North island, on the CORONA (MADONA DELLA), a hamlet and celebrated hermitage of Venetian Lombardy, in the gov. of Venice, delegation and 18 m. NW of Verona, in a deep ravine of the Montebaldo, which runs between the Adige and the Ri, an affluent of that river. The hermitage is situated on a plateau, overhanging a precipice, the ascent of which is effected by steps, 770 in number, cut in the rock. An engagement took place in this locality between the Austrian and French armies, in 1797. CORONA-REALE, or MUITOCo, a town of Veneznela, in the dep. and 240 m. SE of Caracas, on the S bank of the Orinoco, 15 m. WSW of the confluence of the Orui, and 60 m. WSW of Angostura. It has suffered much from the incursions of the Caribbees. CORONADA, a town of Spain, in Estremadura, in the prov. and 65 m. ESE of Badajoz, partido and 7 m. S of Serena, near the 1. bank of the Zujar. Pop. 1,598. It contains a parish-church, and a customhouse; and in the environs are some remains of ancient edifices, supposed to be Roman. CORONADOS (Los), a group of islands, in the Pacific, near the coast of New California, 30 m. SW of San Diego, in N lat. 32° 23′. CORONADOS, a tribe of Indians, in Ecuador, who inhabit the banks of the Pastaca and Tigre, between 2° and 3° N lat., and 75° and 77° W long. CORONATA, an island of the Adriatic, in Dalmatia, to the SSE of the island of Grossa. It is 15 m. in length from NW to SE, and from 1 to 3 m. broad. Its surface is hilly. It produces wine and a little oil. CORONATION GULF, a large gulf of the Arctic ocean, lying between the parallels of 66° and 68°, and the meridians of 108° and 116°. The Coppermine river discharges itself into its SW extremity. On the N it has the insular but unexplored masses of Wollaston land and Victoria land. CORONATION ISLANDS, a group off the NW coast of Australia, separating York sound from Brunswick bay. The group consists of 17 or 18 islands, besides numerous rocky islets. The largest island, 8 m. long, and from 2 m. to 4 m. wide, has its E peak in S lat. 14° 59′, E long. 124° 56'. CORONATION ISLE, one of the New South Shetland group, in S lat. 60° 32', W long. 46° 52′.— Also an island in Prince of Wales's archipelago, off the coast of Russian America. CORONDA, a town of La Plata, in the prov. of Santa-Fé, on the r. bank of the Rio-Salado, 20 m. S by W of Santa-Fé. CORONEL, a village of Brazil, in the prov. of Parahiba, in the district of Villa-de-Souza, on a small stream called the Riacho-de-C. CORONIL, a village of Spain, in the prov. and 24 m. SE of Seville, in the partido of Moron-de-laFrontera. CORORITA, a town of Venezuela, in the prov. and 45 m. ESE of Coro. CORPS-NUDS, a commune and town of France, in the dep. of Ille-et-Vilaine, cant. of Janzé, 10 m. SE of Rennes. Pop. 2.370. CORPUS, or CORPUS-CHRISTI, a town of La Plata, in the prov. of Missiones, on the 1. bank of the Parana, 30 m. NE of Candelaria.-Also a town of Guatemala, in the prov. of Honduras, 40 m. N of Leon. CORPUS-CHRISTI BAY, a bay on the coast of Texas, separated by Mustang island from the gulf of Mexico. It is about 40 m. in length from N to S, and 20 m. from E to W. It is only accessible from the gulf by two narrow passes over the bar. The N one is that which is chiefly used, and has from 4 to 5 ft. water. Within the water is deep and clear. The ordinary rise of tide here is 18 inches. CORPUSTY, a parish of Norfolk, 5 m. NW of Aylsham. Area 1,350 acres. Pop. 449. CORRAL. See MADEIRA. CORRAL-DE-ALMAGUE'R, a town of Spain, in the prov. and 45 m. ESE of Toledo, in the partido of Quintanar-de-la-Orden. It is situated in a fertile plain, on the S or r. bank of the Rianzares, at an alt. of 2.303 ft. above sea-level. Pop. 3,378. CORRE, a village of France, in the dep. of HauteSaone, cant. of Jussy, at the confluence of the Coney with the Saone. Pop. 665. CORREGAUM, a village of Hindostan, in the prov. of Bejapore, 17 m. NE of Punah, on the Bima river, memorable for the desperate battle fought here on the 31st Decem. 1817, between a small British force of 2,800 men, and the Peshwa's army estimated at 20,000 horse and several thousand infantry, in which, after 9 hours' constant fighting, the Peshwa's troops were driven out of the village. CORRE'GGIO, a town of Italy, in the duchy and 10 m. NE of Modena. Pop. 5,000. It was the birthplace in 1493-4 of the great painter Antonio Allegri, better known as Correggio. CORREGO-SECO, a mountain-village of Brazil, in the prov. of Rio-de-Janeiro, on the caravan-route across the Orgaõs to Minas-Geraes, at an alt. of 2,000 ft. above sea-level. CORRENO, a town of Naples, in the prov. of Terra-di-Lavoro, 12 m. NE of Gaëta. Pop. 1,670. CORRENS, a commune of France, in the dep. of Var, cant. of Cotignac, on the Argens. Pop. 1,514. CORRENTES, a parish and village of Brazil, in the prov. of Minas-Geraes, comarca of Serro, on a river of the same name, an affluent of the Doce.Also two hamlets in the same prov., in the comarca of Jequitinhonha. It CORRENTES, a river which separates the Brazilian prov. of Matto-Grosso from Paraguay. rises in the Serra-Amambey, and flows W to the Paraguay, which it joins on the 1. bank after a course of 120 m.- Also a river in the prov. of Goyaz, descending from the Serra-de-Sad-Domingos, and flowing into the Paranahiba. — Also a river of Brazil, which separates the provs. of Santa-Catharina and Saõ-Paulo, and flows into the Uruguay on the 1. bank.-Also two rivers in the prov. of São-Pedrodo-Rio-Grande, one flowing into the Rio-Pelotas, and the other into the Lagoa-dos-Patos. CORPACH, a hamlet in the p. of Kilmalie, in In-S verness-shire, 23 m. N of Fort-William, at the S extremity of the Caledonian canal. CORPATAUX, a village of Switzerland, in the cant. and bailiwick of Friburg, on the Sane. Pop. 280. CORPS, a canton, commune, and town of France, in the dep. of Isère, arrond. of Grenoble.-The cant. comprises 13 com. Pop. 5,542.-The town, 28 m. SSE of Grenoble, on the r. bank of the Drac, has a pop. of 1,441. CORRENTI (ISOLA-DI-), a sandstone islet off the point of Sicily, W by S4 m. of Cape Passaro, in N lat. 36° 38' 10", E long. 15° 3′ 5′′. It is divided from the main by a spit with so little water upon it that even small boats cannot pass. CORRENTINO. See CORENTYNE. CORRESE, a village of the Papal states, in the deleg. and 18 m. SSW of Rieti, supposed to occupy the site of the ancient Cures. CORRE ZE, a department of France, which occupies the S part of the former province of Limousin, | lying between the parallels of 44° 55′ and 45° 40′ N. 1,000 acres. The surface of the lake lies 13 ft. It is bounded on the N by Creuse; on the E by above the level of high water in Galway bay; and Puy-de-Dôme and Cantal; on the S by Lot; SW experiences in floods an average rise of 3 ft. The by Dordogne; and NW by Haute-Vienne. It has main feeder of the lake is the wonderful subterranean an area of 584,678 hectares; and, with the exception disgorgement from the basin of Loughs Mask and of a small part belonging to the basin of the Loire, Carra; and the next in successive importance are the is wholly comprised within the basin of the Garonne. rivers Clare, Bealnabrack, and Fuogh. The outlet It is watered by the Dordogne, and its affluents, the or the superfluent collection of waters is called variVezère, the Corrèze, the Cère, and the Maronne, and ously the C. and the Galway river; and runs 3 m. in the N by the head-streams of the Vienne; but SE and S to Galway bay, at the town of Galway.-none of these rivers are well adapted to the purposes | The scenery of very nearly all the E shore of the of navigation. The N districts of the dep. are moun- lake consists of low grounds, parts of which are tainous, being traversed by a ridge of the Auvergne wooded, parts verdant, and large parts brown, momountain-system, whose culminating point, Mont rassy, and bleak: but all the W and N shores of the Oudouze, has an alt. of 4,475 ft. The lower tracts great main body, as well as the whole alpine-flanked produce tolerable crops of rye, buckwheat, hemp, belt which projects to the W, present every variety chestnuts, and a small quantity of wine. The division of interesting scenery. Measures are now in progress of the soil is about one-third heaths; one-seventh cal- for improving the navigation from Galway harbour careous soil; one-fourth stony; and a third part to this lough. sandy. The meadows support considerable numbers of cattle and horses; and the large heaths, partly covered with juniper, afford pasturage to numerous flocks of sheep. In 1839 the live stock in this dep. was returned at 9,030 horses, 1,273 mules, 6,307 asses, 116,387 horned cattle, 482,310 sheep, 81,003 pigs, and 7,534 goats. The minerals known to exist in this dep. are iron, lead, copper, coal, antimony, slate, limestone, and freestone. The amount of coal raised in 1839 was 15,375 quintals, valued at 36,665 franes. Besides the sources of industry which are supplied by its agricultural and mineral products, Some manufactures are carried on in the chief towns of this dep. The articles produced are chiefly confined to wool, silk, cotton, brand, paper, oil, and leather; but in none of these is the number of people employed great, or the trade extensive. The pop. of this dep. in 1801 was 243,654; in 1831, 294,834; in 1841, 306,480. It possessed 9 secondary establishments for instruction with 473 pupils, 3 superior schools, and 239 elementary schools, in 1842.-It is divided into the three arrondissements of Brives, Tulle, and Ussel, which are subdivided into 28 cantons and 292 communes.-The dep. forms the dio. of the bishop of Tulle. CORRE'ZE, a river which gives name to the above dep. It rises in the mountains of Monédières, near the source of the Vezère, and, flowing SW, passes the towns of C., Tulle, and Brives, and joins the Vezère on the 1. bank, after a course of 50 m. CORRE'ZE, a canton, commune, and town in the dep. of Corrèze, arrond. of Tulle.-The cant. comprises 9 com. Pop. 7,959.-The town is situated on the r. bank of the river of the same name, 8 m. NE of Tulle. Pop. 1,684. Its chief trade is in wheat, and it has large corn fairs. CORRIB (LOUGH), a lake, partly between co. Mayo and co. Galway, but chiefly within the latter co. It is the largest lake in Ireland, except Lough-Neagh; and it greatly excels that lake, as well as many boasted lakes of both Great Britain and Ireland, in the variety, extent, and richness of its scenery. Measured from its foot upward, or from a line 3 m. N of the town of Galway, to the S base of Benlevy mountain, it may be distributed into 4 sections; the first extends 5 m. N, with a breadth of fromm. to 3 m.; the second extends 7 m. NW, with a breadth of from m. to 2 m.; the third extends 7 m. NNW, with a breadth of from 23 m. to 64 m.; and the fourth goes off from the W side of the third, a little above its middle, and extends 7 m. W and WNW, with a breadth of from less than a furlong to nearly 2 m. The lake has an area of 43,484 acres, roods, 38 perches, statute measure; and contains, chiefly in what we have named its third section, a number of islands whose aggregate surface comprehends about CORRIENTES, a state of the La Plata confederation, bounded on the N by the Parana which forms the boundary with Paraguay; on the E by the prov. of Missunes; on the S by Entre-Rios; and on the W by the Parana. Its surface has been estimated at 20,000 sq. m. Its pop. in 1824 was from 35,000 to 40,000; it is now estimated at 140,000. Its most remarkable physical feature is the great lagune of Ybera, in its N section, extending in width about 90 m. parallel to the course of the Parana, and occupying a space of about 1,000 sq. m. [Parish.] It is covered with aquatic plants and shrubs, and gives origin to four considerable rivers, the Misinay which runs into the Uruguay, and the Santa-Lucea, the Bateles, and the Corrientes, which discharge themselves into the Parana. The principal productions of the prov. are cotton, tobacco, rice, sugar, and indigo.-Its cap., of the same name, was founded in 1588, near the junction of the Parana and the Paraguay, in S lat. 27° 27' [Azara], 27° 30′ [Robertson]. Its site is a fine one for commercial purposes; the Paraguay having run a course of 1,200 m. before its confluence with the Parana; while the conjoined streams furnish a noble navigable river down to Buenos Ayres, a further distance of 750 m., and from thence, under the name of the River Plate, a further distance of 200 m.: making a total course of 2,150 m. through regions of high natural fertility, and of which 1,500 m. are navigable by vessels drawing 10 ft. C. is the mart of the little trade that is permitted on the Parana. The matte, sugar, cotton, and tobacco of Paraguay find their way here, but only in small quantities, and a few European goods are introduced by the same channel. The pop. is about 4,500. Excepting the better classes, few of the pop. of C. speak the Spanish language; that of the Guananis or aborigines has superseded it. CORRIENTES (CAPE), a bold cliffy promontory on the Pampa coast of Buenos Ayres, in S lat. 38° 05' 30", W long. 57° 29′ 15′′. There are numerous rocks under water near the high cliffs of this cape. Hence to Bahia-Blanco stretches a long unbroken line of coast without a harbour, and on which a heavy swell always sets.-Also a cape on the Inhambane coast of S Africa, in S lat. 24° 7', E long. 35° 31' [Raper].—Also a cape on the coast of New Grenada, in N lat. 5° 11', W. long. 77° 35'-Also a cape on the S coast of the island of Cuba, in N lat. 21° 45' 30", W long. 84° 30′ 50′′.-Also a cape on the W coast of Mexico, in the state of Xalisco, in N lat. 20° 24' 32", W long. 105° 42′ 26′′, 150 m. NW of Acapulco, and 70 m. S of San Blas. The coast hereabouts is little known, and generally of tedious and dangerous navigation. CORRIEVREKIN, or CORYBRECHTAN, a dangerous whirlpool between the islands of Jura and Scarba, |
